WHAT IS DISASTER??

A disaster is a natural or manmade event which results in widespread human loss, loss of livelihood, property and life.

WHAT IS DISASTER MANAGEMENT??

“A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area”. (W.H.O.)

  “A disaster can be defined as an occurrence

either nature or manmade that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance”. American Red Cross (ARC)

PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT??

TYPES OF DISASTER??

NATURAL DISASTER- 1. Major Natural Disaster A. Cyclones, Tornadoes B. Drought, Flood C. Earthquake, Tsunami

2. Minor Natural Disaster A. Cold Waves B. Thunderstorms C. Heat Waves

CONTD..

MANMADE DISASTER- 1. Major Manmade Disaster- A. Epidemic B. Deforestation C. Chemical Pollution D. Wars

2. Minor Manmade Disaster- A. Road/Train/Nuclear Accident, Riots B. Food Poisoning C. Industrial Disaster

FACTORS AFFECTING DISASTER??

CHARACTERSTICS OF DISASTER

Predictability Controllability Speed of onset Length of forewarning Duration of impact Scope and intensity of impact

MAJOR DISASTER IN INDIA

1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy 2001 Gujarat earthquake 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami 2008 Mumbai attacks

INDIA’S VULNERABILITY TO DISASTERS

57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of these, 12% is vulnerable to severe earthquakes.

68% land is vulnerable to drought. 12% land is vulnerable to floods. 8% land is vulnerable to cyclones. Apart from natural disasters, some

cities in India are also vulnerable to chemical and industrial disasters and man-made disasters.

NEW DIRECTIONS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has been set up as the apex body for Disaster Management in India, with the Prime Minister as its Chairman.

Disaster Management Authorities will be set up at the State and District Levels to be headed by the Chief Ministers and Collectors/Zilla Parishad Chairmen respectively.

CONTD..

A National Disaster Mitigation Fund will be administered by NDMA. States and districts will administer mitigation funds.

A National Disaster Response Fund will be administered by NDMA through the National Executive Committee. States and Districts will administer state Disaster Response Fund and Disaster Response Fund respectively.

8 Battalions of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) are being trained and deployed with CSSR and MFR equipments and tools in eight strategic locations.

A National Disaster Management Policy and National Disaster Response Plan will also be drawn up.

NODAL AGENCIES FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Floods : Ministry of Water Resources, CWC Cyclones : Indian Meteorological Department Earthquakes : Indian Meteorological Department Epidemics : Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Avian Flu: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Chemical Disasters : Ministry of Environment and Forests Industrial Disasters : Ministry of Labor Rail Accidents : Ministry of Railways Air Accidents : Ministry of Civil Aviation Fire : Ministry of Home Affairs Nuclear Incidents : Department of Atomic Energy Mine Disasters : Department of Mines

DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTERS IN INDIA

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Encourage and consolidate knowledge networks

Mobilize and train disaster volunteers for more effective preparedness, mitigation and response (NSS, NCC, Scouts and Guides, NYK, Civil Defense, Home guards).

Increased capacity building leads to faster vulnerability reduction.

Learn from best practices in disaster preparedness, mitigation and disaster response.

CONTD..

Inclusive, participatory, gender sensitive, child friendly, eco-friendly and disabled friendly disaster management.

Technology driven but people owned. Knowledge Management:

Documentation and dissemination of good practices.

Public Private Partnership.

NEW POSSIBILITIES

 National Urban Renewal Mission for 70 cities: recent experience of “unprecedented” extreme weather conditions in a few major metros and megacities.

100,000 Rural Knowledge Centers ( IT Kiosks): Need for Spatial e-Governance for informed decision making in disaster-prone areas: before, during and after disasters.

PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Minimize casualties Prevent further casualties Rescue the victims First aid Evacuate Medical care Reconstruction

LESSON LEARNT

Be Prepared : Preparedness and Mitigation is bound to yield more effective returns than distributing relief after a disaster.

Create a Culture of Preparedness and Prevention.

Evolve a code of conduct for all stake-holders.

DISASTER REDUCTION DAY

NIDM observed "Disaster Reduction Day" on the 12th October.

Rallies and special lectures were organized in the universities and colleges to mark the initiatives of awareness for disaster reduction amongst youth & children.

Children's Color Activity Book for Disaster Preparedness.