disaster management

Disaster management in India

Naman Mittal

Anand Patwardhan, IIT-Bombay 2

Why?

Climate change is likely to be perceived through experience of extreme weather events

Therefore, response to climate change will perhaps happen through adaptation to climate hazards

Important to characterize the institutional mechanisms and structures in place for responding to natural (and climate-related) disasters


Mortality due to natural hazards 1990 - 2000


Average annual impacts from natural hazards

Mortality: 3600 Crop area: 1.42 million hectares Property (houses): 2.36 million dwellings


Exposure to natural hazards 40 million hectares flood prone (5% of area) 54% area exposed to seismic activity East coast of India and Gujarat (West coast)

exposed to cyclone risk A preliminary assessment of exposure to major

hazard categories has been done in 1996-1998 (as a part of IDNDR) by the Building Materials Technology Promotion Council of the Ministry of Urban Development. Check: http://www.bmtpc.org/disaster.htm

Trying to put this information in a GIS format


Disaster management Climate hazards within overall context of

disaster management Statutory responsibility of state governments Central government provides logistic and

financial support Elaborate response mechanism at national level State level responses vary National coordinating body: National Disaster

Management Cell (NDMC), Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture (http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/)


GOVERNMENT OF INDIA : NODAL MINISTRIES / DEPARTMENT FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

DISASTERS NODAL MINISTRIES

Natural Disasters Agriculture

Air Accidents Civil Aviation

Civil Strife Home Affairs

Railway Accidents Railways

Chemical Disasters Environment

Biological Disasters Health & family Welfare

Nuclear Accident Atomic Energy


National response mechanism


MANAGEMENT MECHANISM

* Integrated Administrative Machinery* National Contingency Action Plan -

identify initiatives by various agencies* Department of Agriculture &

Cooperation - the Nodal Department* Central Relief Commissioner - Chief

Nodal Officer at National level* State/District Contingency Plans and

Relief Manuals


Natural Disaster Response-Government of India

National Crisis Management Committee(NCMC) under Cabinet Secretary

Crisis Management Group(CMG) under Central Relief Commissioner

Group of Ministers, Group of Secretaries and High Level Committees-Need base


GOI Departments for Disaster Response

Armed Forces-Ministry of Defence

Central Para Military Forces- Ministry of Home Affairs

International Response- Ministry of External Affairs


GOI Departments for Disaster Response

Ministries/Departments:Rural Development, Drinking Water Supply Power, Telecom , Health, Urban DevelopmentFood & Public Distribution, ShippingSurface Transport, Railways, Civil AviationWomen & Child DevelopmentWater Resources, Animal HusbandryIndia Meteorological Department(IMD)


DISASTER MANAGEMENT POLICY- SALIENT FEATURES

* Recognition of linkages between natural

disasters and development

* Connecting of specific programmes like

DPAP, DDP, NWDPRA and Wasteland

Development Programme for managing

natural disasters

* Emphasis on forecasting and warning using advanced technology


CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEME FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT - SALIENT FEATURES

* Human resource Development

* Setting up of National Centre for Disaster Management (NCDM)

* Setting up of Disaster Management Faculties in States

* Programmes for Community Participation and Public Awareness

* Observing National Disaster Reduction Day

* Activities to achieve the goals and objectives of IDNDR/ISDR


External Assistance -Policy

No formal appeal for external assistance made for relief

External assistance,if offered as solidarity accepted with gratitude

Gujarat earthquake- international response overwhelming

Bi-lateral agreements suggested by some countries for emergency response


DISASTER RESPONSE ARRANGEMENTS IN THE STATES

STATE CABINET STATES CRISIS MANAGEMENT

GROUP: HEADED BY CHIEF SECRETARY.

INSTITUTION OF RELIEF COMMISSIONERS IN STATES

STATES/DISTRICTS CONTINGENCY PLAN S / RELIEF CODES.


Example: AP cyclone hazard mitigation project outcomes

Hazard mitigation studies (international consultants)

IMD early warning capacity through Doppler radar

Infrastructure creation and restoration Floods – drains & embankments Road restoration Storm shelters Electricity transmission and distribution

What about system / process capabilities?


Observations Recognition of linkage between natural hazards

and development Connecting developmental programs (DPAP,

NWDB) to disaster management Forecasting and warning (technology use) Contingency planning

Foodgrain availability Preparedness

Adaptive capacity by creating a management system

However, focus still on relief; recovery and adaptive capacity not thought through


Underlying questions

How can we evaluate the portfolio of disaster management projects to: Assess implications of climate change for

project benefits? Assess implications of project for reducing

vulnerability to climate change? Related question:

How can we incrementally adjust project design or implementation to enhance climate change related benefits?

disaster management

Technology

anand patwardhan

disaster management

disaster management

disaster response arrangements

management mechanism

national response mechanism

natural hazards mortality

emergency response