DISASTER MANAGMENT

What is a DISASTER

A disaster is a natural or manmade event which results in widespread human loss, loss of livelihood, property and life.

Components of  Disaster  Management

1.Preparedness2.Response3.Recovery4.Prevention

It involves measures to ensure that communities and services are capable of coping with the effect of disaster

Disaster Preparedness

EXAMPLE FOR DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

1.Community awareness and education2.Proper warning system3.Mutual aid arrangement4.Mock drill, training practice

Disaster Response

It involves measures taken in anticipation of, during and immediately after a disaster to ensure that the effects are minimized.

EXAMPLE FOR DISASTER RESPONSE1.Implementing the

disaster management plan

2.Setting up medical camps and mobilizing resources

3.Providing adequate shelter and sanitary facilities

4.Development of searchand rescue team

Disaster Recovery

It involves measures, which support emergency affected areas in reconstruction of the physical infrastructure and restoration of economic and emotional well being.

EXAMPLE FOR DISASTER RECOVERY

1.Counseling programe for those who lost then ear ones

2.Restoring services like roads, communication link

3.Providing financial support employment4. Reconstructing damage buildings

VILLAGE DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PLAN

Role and Responsibilities: Pre Disaster: • Identifying and analyzing risk and deciding what to do about

them. • Identifying, selecting and prioritizing the most effective

actions in implementing disaster reduction activities in the village. • Mitigation activities through awareness programme like

distribution of pamphlets, tree plantation, channelizing the river etc. • Mock drills involving the whole villages. During: • Be a part of the different task force. Post Disaster: • Helping the district administration in proving the accurate

damage reports. • Reflect on the disaster suffered and learn from the

experience

Sl. No. Action Group Pre During Post 1 Warning √ √ √2 Shelter √ √ √3 Evacuation - √ √4 First Aid & Medical - √ √5 Water & Sanitation - √ √6 Carcass disposal - - √7 Trauma counseling √ √ √8 Damage Assessment - - √9 Relief & Coordination - - √10 Patrolling - - √

Disaster situation & response

DISASTER MANAGEMENT TEAMS

Early warning & communication teamEvacuation & temporary shelter

management team Search & rescue team Health & first aid team Relief co-ordination team Water & sanitation team

What is the role of village disaster management committe during disasters?

At the village level, the Village Disaster Management Committeeheaded by the Sar panch/ Village Headman is responsible forpreparing the Village Disaster Management Plans and alsocoordinating with various agencies for providing training to theDisaster Management Teams. The members should see to itthat mock drills are carried out by the villagers at regular intervalsby the villagers for various hazards.It is accepted that the Government alone cannot take on theentire responsibility of Disaster Management. Apart fromnational, state, district and local levels there are variousinstitutions who are involved in disaster management at variouslevels in the country. This includes the police and Para-militaryforces, Civil Defense and Home Guards, fire services, NationalCadet Corps (N C C), Youth Organizations, UN agencies, International and National voluntary groups,public and private sector enterprises, media etc. play a major role in managing disasters. Functions ofsome of the organizations have been mentioned below.

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PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Minimize casualtiesPrevent further casualtiesRescue the victimsFirst aid EvacuateMedical careReconstructio

Disaster Management in India Past, Present and Future

Disaster in India

Moving away from the Great Bengal famine of 1769-1770 in which a third of the population perished.The Chalisa famine of 1783, the Doji Bara or Skull famine of 1790 to 1792, the North West Provinces famine of 1838, the North West India Famine of 1861, the Bengal and Orissa famine of 1866, the Rajputana famine of 1869, the famine of 1899 to 1901, the Bengal famine of 1943…The drought years of 1965, 1972, 1979, 1987, 2002

India’s Vulnerability to Disasters

57% land is vulnerable to earthquakes. Of these, 12% is vulnerable to severe earthquakes.

68% land is vulnerable to drought.12% land is vulnerable to floods.8% land is vulnerable to cyclones.Apart from natural disasters, some

cities in India are also vulnerable to chemical and industrial disasters and man-made disasters.

DISASTER PARADIGM

D: DetectionI: Incident CommandS: Safety And SecurityA: Assess HazardsS: SupportT: Triage And TreatmentE: EvacuationR: Reallocation And Redeployment

Lessons Learnt

Be Prepared : Preparedness and Mitigation is bound to yield more effective returns than distributing relief after a disaster.

Create a Culture of Preparedness and Prevention.

Evolve a code of conduct for all stake-holders

Future DirectionsEncourage and consolidate knowledge

networksMobilise and train disaster volunteers for

more effective preparedness, mitigation and response (NSS, NCC, Scouts and Guides, NYK, Civil Defence, Homeguards)

Increased capacity building leads to faster vulnerability reduction.

Learn from best practices in disaster preparedness, mitigation and disaster response

• Mobilising stakeholder participation of Self Help Groups, Women’s Groups, Youth Groups, Panchayati Raj Institutions

• Anticipatory Governance: Simulation exercises, Mock drills and Scenario Analysis

• Indigenous knowledge systems and coping practices

• Living with Risk: Community Based Disaster Risk Management

• Inclusive, participatory, gender sensitive, child friendly, eco-friendly and disabled friendly disaster management

• Technology driven but people owned

• Knowledge Management: Documentation and dissemination of good practices

• Public Private Partnership

Thank You