Disaster Risk Reduction Management

Contemporary Issues

Disaster Risk Reduction Management

The Philippines, being situated in the Pacific Ring of Fire and topping the list of countries experiencing extreme weather conditions, highly needs its own disaster risk reduction management program

Hazard

▪ Is a dangerous phenomenon, substance,human activity or condition that may causeloss of life, injury or other health impacts,property damage, loss of livelihood &services, social & economic disruption orenvironmental damage...

▪ Could be a potentially damaging phenomenon

▪ It could be natural or human-induced.

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Exposure

▪ The degree to which the element at risk are likely to experience hazard events of different magnitude.

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Vulnerability

▪ Is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.

▪ This may arise from various physical, social, economic & environmental factors.

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Capacity

▪ Is the combination of all strengths and resources available within the community, society or organization that can reduce the level of risk or effects of a disaster.

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Risk

▪ Is the combination of Probability of an event to happen and its negative consequences...

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R = HAZARD x VULNERABILITY (exposure)

CAPACITY

Disaster

natural or man-made events wherein communities experience severe danger and incur loss of lives and properties causing disruption in its social structure and prevention of the fulfillment of all or some of the affected community’s functions.

Natural Disaster

▪ disasters caused by nature such as floods, typhoons, storm surges, climatic variability’s (El Nino. La Nina) earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruptions, landslides and ground subsidence.

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Man-made Disaster

disasters caused by man or involving human intervention such as fire, sea and air accidents, terrorist-initiated activities (radioactive fall-out, gas leaks), Civil strife, Oil Spill, pollution (solid waste, air, water, thermal), industrial accidents, red tide.

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Disaster

Disasters, whether natural or human-made, affect everyone, especially the poor, children, women and elderly who have the least capability to deal with disasters.

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Locally known as YOLANDA, which was placed in the highest disaster classification (Category 5), has awaken the Phil. Government to aggressively work on its disaster preparedness program to lessen the impact of disaster on the people16 million – number of

affected people

Why Are Disaster Impacts Increasing?

▪ Increased in population

▪ Climate change

▪ Increased vulnerability due to:– Demographic changes– Increased concentration

of assets– Environmental degradation– Poverty– Rapid urbanization and

unplanned development

“AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE

NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS

THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”.

Republic Act 10121 - The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act

Republic Act 10121

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

means reducing disaster risk through systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters through reduced exposures to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment and improved preparedness for adverse events

Republic Act 10121

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT

▪ - the systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster.

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Republic Act 10121

▪ The law gives importance to the reduction of the adverse impact of disaster through preparedness. It is a proactive law that empowers local government units to use 70% of their calamity fund for risk reduction and the remaining 30% for immediate response activities.

DRRMC ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK

NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT COUNCIL

17 REGIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT COUNCILS

80 PROVINCIAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT COUNCILS

117 CITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT COUNCILS

1,496 MUNICIPAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT COUNCILS

41,945 BARANGAY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT COUNCILS

Preparedness

A PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY

Disaster Preparedness

▪ - the knowledge effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard events or conditions.

Makes a differencePr

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Changingattitudes…

Knowing hazards…

Doing somethingto minimize thehazards.

WHAT MUST BE DONE TO REDUCE RISKPr

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POTENTIAL RISK TREATMENTS

Once risks have been identified andassessed, all techniques to manage the riskfall into one or more of these four majorcategories:

Avoidance (eliminate, withdraw from therisk area)

Reduction (optimize resources tomitigate effects )

Sharing (risk transfer or enrol ininsurance)

Retention (accept, plan - Evac Plan andprovision of budget and etc)

Paradigm Shift

▪ The enactment of the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 (also known as Republic Act 10121), aims to achieve a paradigm shift from reactive to proactive approach in disaster risk reduction and management.

Paradigm Shift

PreparednessMitigation:

Risk Reduction / Prevention

Rehabilitation Response

• Executive/Legislative Agenda • Environmental Management • Comprehensive Land Use Plan • Risk proofing • Financial tools • Hazard identification & • Vulnerability Analysis • Capacity Analysis

• Public awareness• Public commitment• Community actions• Education & Training• Early Warning• SOP & Plans• ICS Development

• Livelihood • Housing • Lifelines • Education • Infrastructure

• DANA• Relief • SAR• Incident Command System • Evacuation• Health

Important Aspects In Disaster Management

“We are not preparing for the world

we live in - we are preparing for the

world we find ourselves in.”

– Michael Mabee

Questions