Disparities Of Disparities Of Development.Development.

Lesson Sequence.Lesson Sequence.

What are disparities of What are disparities of Development.Development.

Achievement standard copied.Achievement standard copied. What does the word disparities mean?What does the word disparities mean? What does development mean?What does development mean? What Countries are developed what What Countries are developed what

countries are developing?countries are developing? Copy down pg 2 developed and developing (brodie and Copy down pg 2 developed and developing (brodie and

wood)wood) What do you have to do before you get What do you have to do before you get

development? development? Copy down diagram pg 3 (Hensman)Copy down diagram pg 3 (Hensman)

Developing Development.Developing Development.

Review developing spiritual and Review developing spiritual and material needs:material needs:

To be happy What do we want/need? To be happy What do we want/need? Does this make us truly happy?Does this make us truly happy?

Movement spiritual needs. Notes:Movement spiritual needs. Notes: Spiritual Needs vs material Spiritual Needs vs material

needs.docneeds.doc

Developing DevelopmentDeveloping Development

Read bottom of page 10 Ideas about Read bottom of page 10 Ideas about development.development.

What is Western Concepts?What is Western Concepts? Capitalism: What is it? What are some Capitalism: What is it? What are some

problems with it?problems with it? Socialism: What is it? What are some Socialism: What is it? What are some

problems with it?problems with it? Totalitarianism: What is it? What are some Totalitarianism: What is it? What are some

problems with it?problems with it? Activities Pg 10 1,2A,BActivities Pg 10 1,2A,B

Development models/theoriesDevelopment models/theories Rostow model economic take off.Rostow model economic take off. Marx socialist model of uprising of the peasants.Marx socialist model of uprising of the peasants. Copy in boxes on each of the theorists pg 11.Copy in boxes on each of the theorists pg 11. ..\..\RostowRostow vsvs notes.docnotes.doc Dominance dependence model pg 12 copy in: Dominance dependence model pg 12 copy in:

What colonies have developed? Why have these What colonies have developed? Why have these countries developed? Why have others not been countries developed? Why have others not been able to develop? Explain neo-colonialism.able to develop? Explain neo-colonialism.

Schumacher + Club of Rome model Pg 13- Schumacher + Club of Rome model Pg 13- Explain in your own words what each is showing. Explain in your own words what each is showing. Question 2 pg 13Question 2 pg 13

Conflicting perceptions pg 14Conflicting perceptions pg 14

CartoonCartoon

Measuring DevelopmentMeasuring Development

Brandt Report Article Print outBrandt Report Article Print out Discussion of Brandt Report.Discussion of Brandt Report. Hand out sheet – Poor south Rich Hand out sheet – Poor south Rich

North and Mapping exercise.North and Mapping exercise. Cartoon interpretation.Cartoon interpretation.

Measuring DevelopmentMeasuring Development

Measuring DevelopmentMeasuring Development

What are Rich countries usually What are Rich countries usually called?called?

What are poor countries usually What are poor countries usually called?called?

..\..\..\My Documents\Development ..\..\..\My Documents\Development Indicators.docIndicators.doc

Ways development can be measured Ways development can be measured pg 6 Brodie.pg 6 Brodie.

Measuring DevelopmentMeasuring Development

How can we accurately decide how How can we accurately decide how developed somewhere is?developed somewhere is?

To compare different levels of To compare different levels of development, we look at development, we look at development development indicatorsindicators. These are sets of data or . These are sets of data or measurements that can be used to measurements that can be used to compare countries or places. If up to compare countries or places. If up to date and gathered accurately they date and gathered accurately they can give a good insight into how a can give a good insight into how a country is developing.country is developing.

Measuring DevelopmentMeasuring Development

Different indicators can be divided Different indicators can be divided into three main groups. These areinto three main groups. These are::

EconomicEconomic SocialSocial EnvironmentalEnvironmental Development IndicatorsDevelopment Indicators may be may be

QuantitativeQuantitative (objective)(objective) QualitativeQualitative (subjective)(subjective)

Measuring DevelopmentMeasuring Development Quantitative IndicatorsQuantitative Indicators Quantitative indicators are numerical indications Quantitative indicators are numerical indications

of development.of development. There are hundreds of quantitative development There are hundreds of quantitative development

indicatorsindicators infant mortality/1000infant mortality/1000 telephones/1000telephones/1000 birth rates/1000birth rates/1000 death rates/1000death rates/1000 Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy Urban Population %Urban Population % People/T.V.People/T.V.

Other measurements of Other measurements of DevelopmentDevelopment

Cloze activity reviewCloze activity review Social (demographic) indicators include the Social (demographic) indicators include the

birth rate, death rate and fertility rate.[4] birth rate, death rate and fertility rate.[4] Health indicators include nutrition (calories Health indicators include nutrition (calories

per day, calories from protein, percentage per day, calories from protein, percentage with malnutrition), infant mortality and with malnutrition), infant mortality and population per doctor. population per doctor.

Economic indicators include unemployment Economic indicators include unemployment rates, energy consumption and percentage rates, energy consumption and percentage of GNP in primary industries. of GNP in primary industries.

Composite IndicatorsComposite Indicators

Composite indicators combine Composite indicators combine several quantitative indicators into several quantitative indicators into one figure and generally provide a one figure and generally provide a more balanced view of a country. more balanced view of a country. Usually they include one economic, Usually they include one economic, one health and one educational one health and one educational indicator.indicator.

PQLI – pg 8 BrodiePQLI – pg 8 Brodie HDI etc Hand-outHDI etc Hand-out

Qualitative IndicatorsQualitative Indicators Qualitative Indicators are objective. They are Qualitative Indicators are objective. They are

open for interpretation.open for interpretation. They include descriptions of how people are They include descriptions of how people are

living and look and their quality of life rather than living and look and their quality of life rather than the economic standard of living. They are difficult the economic standard of living. They are difficult to convert to numbers and therefore are hard to to convert to numbers and therefore are hard to measure.measure.

They include: Freedom, Corruption, Security, They include: Freedom, Corruption, Security, Happiness, Women’s rights, spiritual and Happiness, Women’s rights, spiritual and emotional satisfaction.emotional satisfaction.

A number of these are not that effective as they A number of these are not that effective as they are states of mind rather than what the are states of mind rather than what the environment is actually offering. environment is actually offering.

TanzaniaTanzania Mapping Tanzania will have to learn how to Mapping Tanzania will have to learn how to

draw it without tracing. Do eg on draw it without tracing. Do eg on whiteboard.whiteboard.

Locate and label – Mt Kilimanjaro, Mt Meru, Locate and label – Mt Kilimanjaro, Mt Meru, Lake Victoria, Arusha, Dodoma, Dar es Lake Victoria, Arusha, Dodoma, Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, Zanzibar, Mbeya, Tanga, Salaam, Mwanza, Zanzibar, Mbeya, Tanga, Serengeti national park, Lake TanganyikaSerengeti national park, Lake Tanganyika

On outline map of Africa locate Tanzania and On outline map of Africa locate Tanzania and the closest 10 countries that are around it.the closest 10 countries that are around it.

Explain 4 things about the location of Explain 4 things about the location of Tanzania.Tanzania.

Construct 2 climate graphs Using info pg 42. Construct 2 climate graphs Using info pg 42. BrodieBrodie

ClimateClimate

Using information gained from Using information gained from Climate Graph – Explain the Climate Graph – Explain the difference between the two cities.difference between the two cities.

Look at a map and explain the Look at a map and explain the difference in location.difference in location.

Why has this difference in location Why has this difference in location made for such a different climate.made for such a different climate.

Tanzania Climate.docTanzania Climate.doc

ClimateClimate Shinyanga and Dodoma compared to Dar Es Shinyanga and Dodoma compared to Dar Es

Salaam and Zanzibar show how large a Salaam and Zanzibar show how large a influence the climate can create.influence the climate can create.

4 Box diagram on w.b- How does the rainfall 4 Box diagram on w.b- How does the rainfall differ between these regions – How does it differ between these regions – How does it affect the development of these regions.affect the development of these regions.

Using hand out which gets collected back! Using hand out which gets collected back! Pick the following out (Rainfall essay).Pick the following out (Rainfall essay).

Key statistics and the context they were Key statistics and the context they were used in.used in.

Key points about how Climate creates Key points about how Climate creates disparities.disparities.

Natural Factors (Soil)Natural Factors (Soil) Hand-out – Effect of natural factorsHand-out – Effect of natural factors Soil Type – Tanzania has places with rich volcanic Soil Type – Tanzania has places with rich volcanic

soils but poor climatic conditions. Soils in the soils but poor climatic conditions. Soils in the centre and west can be sterilised by drought centre and west can be sterilised by drought losing fertility, and are washed away easily in losing fertility, and are washed away easily in sudden downpours or blown away by wind. Soils sudden downpours or blown away by wind. Soils on the coast and northern areas are fertile.on the coast and northern areas are fertile.

In Tanzania Agriculture provides 50% of national In Tanzania Agriculture provides 50% of national production and employs 82% of workforce. Half production and employs 82% of workforce. Half the farmers in Tan are subsistence farmers only. the farmers in Tan are subsistence farmers only. Only 10-15% of the land in Tanzania is suitable Only 10-15% of the land in Tanzania is suitable for Farming. Droughts have hit the north Hard in for Farming. Droughts have hit the north Hard in recent years.recent years.

Natural FactorsNatural Factors

In small groups explain how Soil In small groups explain how Soil affects different regions of Tanzaniaaffects different regions of Tanzania

Looking at a map find and explain Looking at a map find and explain the Geographical location of the Geographical location of Tanzania.Tanzania.

This means latitude, Longitude, What This means latitude, Longitude, What Ocean it is bordering.Ocean it is bordering.

LocationLocation Location – Tanzania is located between 6˚ - 13˚ Location – Tanzania is located between 6˚ - 13˚

south of the equator so has a mainly equatorial south of the equator so has a mainly equatorial climate. This creates issues to do with crop climate. This creates issues to do with crop growth and diseases such as malaria which growth and diseases such as malaria which thrive in warm and wet areas.thrive in warm and wet areas.

Tourist areas in the north of Tanzania are Tourist areas in the north of Tanzania are located there because of its national parks and located there because of its national parks and geographical features like Kilimanjaro, the geographical features like Kilimanjaro, the Serengeti Plain and the Ngorogoro Crater. Serengeti Plain and the Ngorogoro Crater. Tourism contributes 16% of Tanzania’s GDP. Tourism contributes 16% of Tanzania’s GDP. Central and western areas have little tourism so Central and western areas have little tourism so do not benefit in the same way as the north, do not benefit in the same way as the north, creating differences in development.creating differences in development.

LocationLocation Question: How does the location of Question: How does the location of

Tanzania create disparities – Answer in Tanzania create disparities – Answer in reference to Tanz itself and also in reference to Tanz itself and also in reference to the different regions.reference to the different regions.

Agriculture.Agriculture. ClimateClimate ReliefRelief SoilSoil AccessibilityAccessibility Using terms above explain how location Using terms above explain how location

can affect development in Tanzania.can affect development in Tanzania.

So where do the disparities exist?So where do the disparities exist?

The main disparities in Tanzania The main disparities in Tanzania exist between _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _.exist between _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _.

Also between Male and Female.Also between Male and Female. Using pg 49 and 50 copy in figs 5.5, Using pg 49 and 50 copy in figs 5.5,

5.6 and 5.75.6 and 5.7 For each table write a generalisation.For each table write a generalisation. Complete activities 2,3 and 4 from Complete activities 2,3 and 4 from

page 50page 50

The Rural Poor and the Urban The Rural Poor and the Urban EliteElite

82% of Tanzania’s population are employed 82% of Tanzania’s population are employed in the primary sector of agriculture.in the primary sector of agriculture.

50% of Tanzania’s GNP come from 50% of Tanzania’s GNP come from agriculture.agriculture.

50% of all farmers in Tanzania are subsistent.50% of all farmers in Tanzania are subsistent. Only 20% of Tanzanians live in urban areas.Only 20% of Tanzanians live in urban areas. Main crops produced are coffee, cotton, sisal Main crops produced are coffee, cotton, sisal

and nuts.and nuts. So then why are the Rural not rich when So then why are the Rural not rich when

agriculture is the main industry?agriculture is the main industry?

Natural Factors affecting agriculture Natural Factors affecting agriculture in Tanzaniain Tanzania

Only 15% of land is suitable for Only 15% of land is suitable for agriculture.agriculture.

Much of this land was initially covered in Much of this land was initially covered in tropical rainforest but was cleared for tropical rainforest but was cleared for ag.ag.

Soil is poor.Soil is poor. Land is threatened by desertification.Land is threatened by desertification. Climate hot and dry and prone to Climate hot and dry and prone to

drought especially inland where there is drought especially inland where there is no rain often for up to 4 months.no rain often for up to 4 months.

MineralsMinerals

Tanzania has minerals (iron, copper and Tanzania has minerals (iron, copper and gold) but is still developing the gold) but is still developing the infrastructure to develop them. The infrastructure to develop them. The government is making progress and mining government is making progress and mining provides employment. Minerals include: provides employment. Minerals include: natural gas, oil, iron, diamonds, gold, salt, natural gas, oil, iron, diamonds, gold, salt, phosphates, coal, gypsum, kaolin and tin. phosphates, coal, gypsum, kaolin and tin.

Using your knowledge on development Using your knowledge on development dependence theory explain how Mineral dependence theory explain how Mineral deposits can create disparities.deposits can create disparities.

Extreme Natural EventsExtreme Natural Events

Hand-out.Hand-out. Answer the following question in book Answer the following question in book

using hand-out.using hand-out. When have droughts occurred.When have droughts occurred. What aid was given for these droughts.What aid was given for these droughts. What regions of Tanzania did the What regions of Tanzania did the

droughts happen to?droughts happen to? How were people affected?How were people affected?

ENEENE

Explain where floods have occurred Explain where floods have occurred and the effect of these floods.and the effect of these floods.

How has El Nino affected TanzaniaHow has El Nino affected Tanzania How have Cyclones affected How have Cyclones affected

Tanzania?Tanzania?

Males Vs. FemalesMales Vs. Females

Other than Rural and Urban the main Other than Rural and Urban the main disparities occurring in Tanzania are disparities occurring in Tanzania are between _ _ _ _ _ AND _ _ _ _ _ _ _.between _ _ _ _ _ AND _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Copy paragraph page 50.Copy paragraph page 50. Make 2 generalisations about female Make 2 generalisations about female

access to education fig 5.8 pg 50 you must access to education fig 5.8 pg 50 you must compare to males.compare to males.

Copy fig 5.9 pg 51Copy fig 5.9 pg 51 Complete activities 1-4 from 51Complete activities 1-4 from 51 Maasai girls article.Maasai girls article.

Gender InequalitiesGender Inequalities

Men and women do not even come close to Men and women do not even come close to equality in social, economic and political equality in social, economic and political terms. Women’s roles are still proscribed terms. Women’s roles are still proscribed (controlled/restricted) while men dominate (controlled/restricted) while men dominate all sectors of society.all sectors of society.

Women’s education is low compared to men.Women’s education is low compared to men. Female literacy is 70%, men’s 85%.Female literacy is 70%, men’s 85%. Women’s health is generally lower than Women’s health is generally lower than

men’s but they do however have a higher men’s but they do however have a higher life expectancy of 46 years compared to 44 life expectancy of 46 years compared to 44 years.years.

MaasaiMaasai

Maasai women are taught only what is Maasai women are taught only what is required to be good wives and mothers.required to be good wives and mothers.

Women make up over half (53%) of Women make up over half (53%) of AIDS cases.AIDS cases.

340/100,000 die in child birth, this is 340/100,000 die in child birth, this is much higher of course in rural areas.much higher of course in rural areas.

Women’s participation politically is Women’s participation politically is almost non-existent except in large almost non-existent except in large cities.cities.

GovernmentGovernment

History road!History road! Germany arrived in Kilimanjaro in the Germany arrived in Kilimanjaro in the

1840’s1840’s British reached Lake Tanganyika by British reached Lake Tanganyika by

18571857 Germans colonised tanz in late 1800’sGermans colonised tanz in late 1800’s Germany’s defeat in WW1 meant there Germany’s defeat in WW1 meant there

rule over Africa ended and most of rule over Africa ended and most of Tanzania was given to the UKTanzania was given to the UK

GovernmentGovernment

Became a United Nations trust Became a United Nations trust territory Under UK Ruleterritory Under UK Rule

In 1954 the Tanganika African Nation In 1954 the Tanganika African Nation Union (TANU) and president Julius Union (TANU) and president Julius Nyerere guided Tanganyika to Nyerere guided Tanganyika to independence.independence.

1961 the country became 1961 the country became Autonomous with Nyerere as PMAutonomous with Nyerere as PM

GovtGovt

1962 Nyerere was elected president of 1962 Nyerere was elected president of Tanganyika when the country became a Tanganyika when the country became a republic with the commonwealth in 1962.republic with the commonwealth in 1962.

Zanzibar had a much stormier path to Zanzibar had a much stormier path to independence and wasn’t given back to Tanz independence and wasn’t given back to Tanz from the British until 1964from the British until 1964

In 1995 Multiparty state elections were held In 1995 Multiparty state elections were held Benjamin Mkapa was given the role as Benjamin Mkapa was given the role as PresidentPresident

The current President in Jakaya Mrisho The current President in Jakaya Mrisho Kikiwete Kikiwete

UjamaaUjamaa

Who, What, where , when, whyWho, What, where , when, why Copy in anti-capitalist ideals and socialist Copy in anti-capitalist ideals and socialist

ideals.ideals. Re-write in notes what Nyerere tried to do.Re-write in notes what Nyerere tried to do. Explain what the results were in note form.Explain what the results were in note form. Explain the other problemsExplain the other problems Dismantling Ujamaa.Dismantling Ujamaa. notesnotes

HEALTHHEALTH

USA!USA!

Introduction to USAIntroduction to USA Quiz.Quiz.

Inequalities USAInequalities USA

Copy in green paragraph top of pg Copy in green paragraph top of pg 23.23.

Mapping jig-saw.Mapping jig-saw. Trace mapTrace map Add the info pg 23.Add the info pg 23. Brainstorm main ethnic groups in Brainstorm main ethnic groups in

USA and why they there.USA and why they there. Copy in Table pg 23Copy in Table pg 23

Ethnic groupsEthnic groups

African Americans: 50% Of all Black people African Americans: 50% Of all Black people live in the northern part of the USA. live in the northern part of the USA. However the highest concentrations are in However the highest concentrations are in the south due to slavery and plantation the south due to slavery and plantation work. Mississippi has the highest work. Mississippi has the highest percentage 35.4% black, New York has the percentage 35.4% black, New York has the greatest number 2.86 million.greatest number 2.86 million.

Hispanics: Second largest ethnic minority. Hispanics: Second largest ethnic minority. Hispanics from south and central America Hispanics from south and central America are mainly found in California, New Mexico are mainly found in California, New Mexico and Texas. Puerto Ricans are concentrated and Texas. Puerto Ricans are concentrated in New York and Cubans in Florida.in New York and Cubans in Florida.

QuestionsQuestions

Answer questions on page 25.Answer questions on page 25. Make a generalisation about each map.Make a generalisation about each map. Trace in USA map and add in the states.Trace in USA map and add in the states. On the map show where most of the On the map show where most of the

black and Hispanic live.black and Hispanic live. Discuss Employment blue collar, white, Discuss Employment blue collar, white,

service sector.service sector. Answer Questions pg 26.Answer Questions pg 26.

EmploymentEmployment

Pg 26,27Pg 26,27 Answer questions as classAnswer questions as class Generalise fig 4.8Generalise fig 4.8 Dictation paragraphs (The glass ceiling)Dictation paragraphs (The glass ceiling) Richest and poorest from fig 4.10 using Richest and poorest from fig 4.10 using

maps.maps. Answer questions pg 28 using full Answer questions pg 28 using full

sentences.sentences. Copy in paragraph pg 28 Try and answer Copy in paragraph pg 28 Try and answer

questions at the bottom. Discuss as class.questions at the bottom. Discuss as class.

PovertyPoverty Explain what poverty is using pg 28Explain what poverty is using pg 28 Explain what the graph is showing.Explain what the graph is showing. Using data from pg 27 and assuming most Using data from pg 27 and assuming most

people have 2 kids. Show which people have 2 kids. Show which area/ethnic group has the most poverty area/ethnic group has the most poverty and which has the least. and which has the least.

Notes Copy the following in.Notes Copy the following in. 25% of Mississippi’s population live below 25% of Mississippi’s population live below

the poverty line. In places like the the poverty line. In places like the northeast (e.g. New Hampshire and northeast (e.g. New Hampshire and Vermont), less than 10% live below the Vermont), less than 10% live below the poverty line.poverty line.

Why the poor south and West?Why the poor south and West?

There are some historical reasons for There are some historical reasons for this. The west coast was one of the last this. The west coast was one of the last to be populated, mainly by Europeans, to be populated, mainly by Europeans, but the southern states are still suffering but the southern states are still suffering from the legacy of slavery. High crime from the legacy of slavery. High crime and low education rates amongst blacks and low education rates amongst blacks in the southern states indicate that, in the southern states indicate that, despite civil rights legislation, there are despite civil rights legislation, there are large social disparities between ethnic large social disparities between ethnic groups. groups.