district survey report balod...
TRANSCRIPT
DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT
BALOD (Chhattisgarh) AS PER NOTIFICATION NO. S.O. 141(E) NEW
DELHI, 15TH JANUARY, 2016 OF MINISTRY OF
ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
2016
DGM
[Type the company name]
04/06/2016
DIRECTORATE OF GEOLOGY AND MINING
MINERAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT
Govt. of Chhattisgarh
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Note:
The information provided in this report has been prepared from the existing and
latest data collected from the concerned authorities. Although utmost care has been
taken during editing and printing, still there may be some minor corrections for
which the Directorate of Geology & Mining, Regional office Raipur Sonakhan
Bhawan, cannot be held responsible. The queries in this regard are most welcome
by the concerned office.
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LOCATION MAP
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1- INTRODUCTION
The Balod district is one of the densely populated and situated in the central part of
the Chhattisgarh State covers an area of 3527 sq km. It falls in Survey of India
Degree Sheet Nos. 64C, 64D, 64G and 64H bounded by latitude 20°23' to 21°03' N
and longitude 80°48' to 81°30 E. It is surrounded by Durg districts in the north,
Rajnandgaon District in the west, Dhamtari districts in the east and Kanker district
in the south.
Balod is the district headquarters and is well connected by road and railway.
National Highway No. 43 and connects Balod with Dhamtari. Balod is also
connected by road with Dalli Rajhara, Patan, Dhamtari, Rajnandgaon and Durg
with the other important towns in the district.
Acording to Notification of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Ministry,
Goverment of India dated15 January 2016, as prescribed in Para 7(iii) and
Annexure (x).District Survey Report has been prepared.
District Survey report will be prepared in every district for Sand mining or River
bed mining and other small minerals mining. The main purpose of preparation of
district survey report is to identify the land increase or depositional areas and its
infrastructure, Structure and installation distance from where the mining is
prohibited and recalculation of annual replenishment and time required for
replenishment after mining.
This District Survey report contains mainly Geology Mineral wealth details of
rivers, Details of Lease and Mining activity in the District along with Sand mining
and revenue of minerals.
This report also contains details of Forest, Rivers, Soil, Agriculture, Road,
Transportation climate etc.
The district survey report will be based for evaluation of the application for project
and environment clearance of mining activity in the district. ����
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2. Overview of Mining Activity in the District ����
Balod District is important district for Iron Ore deposite in Chhattisgarh.The
Minor Mineral is Low grade Limestone,Flagstone, Laterite, Sandstone, Quartzite
and Quartz. sand are also found in huge quantity, in river and nala flowing in
district
Semariya, Nandani-Khundani, Pathariya, Deurjhal, Matra-Gota, Achholi, Hiretara
and Nawapara. No. of Mining Leases have been given in for cement grade
limestone ACC jamul, JK Laxmi cement plant and Bhilai Steel plant are main
consumer for this limestone. Total 45 Mining Leases are given in the
district.Despite those 74 Quarry Leases for limestone has given for road and
building material in different villages of Patan and Dhamdha tehsil district Durg.
other Major Leases for soil for making bricks in kiln at villages Kumhari, Basni,
Akola, Piparchedhi, Belodi, Bhedhsar, Achhoti, Nankatti, Aalbaras, Changori,
Ghughua, etc. In all total 63 Leases are given for soil in the district for brick
making in kiln.
Out of 31 newely declared minor minerals, leas for 8 have been granted for quartz,
quartzite.
78 Ret Ghat for sand mining on the bank of Shivnath, Kharun and Tandula rivers
have been leased out at different villages for sand mining. 2 Mining Leases for
runner mounding sand have also been granted at Amti and Thanaud and Karhidih
village.
Approximately 376.53 lakh Rupees royalty is earned from all minerals in the
district, out of which 260.0 lakh from major and 116.51 from minor minerals.
State Government, is carrying on various Infrastructure development projects in all
district , like Pachri Nirman, Dams, Over bridge Anicut on rivers/nala, approach
roads etc. , all above civil works require Sand in different site which is in huge
quantity in the district. ������������
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� 3. List of Mining Leases and Sand in the District with location, area
and period of validity
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��������� ������"� !R�����������" 76$���"6�������������������� ������"� !R�����������" 76$���"6�������������������� ������"� !R�����������" 76$���"6�������������������� ������"� !R�����������" 76$���"6��������������������������������������������������� ��" ��" ��" ��"�������������S�S�S�S� ������"� !R������!�3?�8����<T 9#����������� ������"� !R������!�3?�8����<T 9#����������� ������"� !R������!�3?�8����<T 9#����������� ������"� !R������!�3?�8����<T 9#������������������
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4. Details of Royalty or Revenue Received in Last Three Year
Major Minerals
����
Details of Royalty or Revenue Received in Last Three Year ����������������������������������������������������
���� S.No. Mineral Royalty or Revenue Received
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
1 Irone Ore 2662454652 3605729848 2187909148
Total - 2662454652 3605729848 2187909148
Details of Royalty or Revenue Received in Last Three Year
Minor Minerals
����������������������������������������������������
���� S.No. Mineral Royalty or Revenue Received
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
1 Limestone 1334700 2333000 2385614
2 Flagstone 2021150 2497800 3584557
3 Ordinary Stone 745887 83000 135100
4 Murum 108000 1518692 3277000
5 Soil 572360 538720 354280
Total - 4782097 6971212 9736551
������������������������
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5. Details of Production of Sand or Bajari in last three years
���� ��������Details of Production & Royalty of Sand in in Last Three Year��������
�� ��� ��� ��� ��������� �������� �������� �������� ����
���� S.No. Financial year Royalty Received in Rs.
1 2013-14 4601700
2 2014-15 5015460
3 2015-16 2942500
���
,,,,0000���� �S���#���!M���3������������#�������9#��!� ��!��������!���U������� �S���#���!M���3������������#�������9#��!� ��!��������!���U������� �S���#���!M���3������������#�������9#��!� ��!��������!���U������� �S���#���!M���3������������#�������9#��!� ��!��������!���U��������������� �%�%�%�%Details of Production & Royalty of Sand in in Last Three Year��������
�� �� �� �� ������������ �������� �������� �������� ����
���� S.No. Financial year Production of Sand (in Cm)
1 2013-14 230085
2 2014-15 250773
3 2015-16 147125
���������
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6. PROCESS OF DEPOSITION OF SEDIMENTS IN THE RIVERS
Sendimentation of rivers of District
6- Process of river sedimentation:-
What is erosion?
Erosion is natural process, wathering, corrosion, or abrasion can reduce a material
into smaller particles. Normally, these smaller units are relocated by water, wing,
ice, or man. Erosion removes tosoil, organic material, and other valuable resources.
What is sedimentation?
Once a material is broken free of the larger mass, it can be carried away and
deposited elsewhere. This process of depositing eroded material is known as
sedimentation. Some indications of sedimentation are sand dunes, mud in the street
around drains, and decreased water holding capacity of stream, reservoir, or pond.
Why should we be concerned about erosion and sedimentation?
Sediment is responsible for more stream and river degardation than any other
pollutant. Deposits of sediments in ditches, streams, and rivers reduce their
capacity to store water resulting in more frequent and severe flooding and
increased property damage. Accumulations of sediment may result in severe
damage to storm drain systers. Many millions of dollars are spent each year to
dredge our state waterways, to remove sediments from storm drain systerms,
reseroirs, and water treatment plants, and to repair flood damage.
Sediment in streams and rivers causes the most damage to aduatic life by severely
impacting aquatic animal habitats and degrading water quality. Areas needed for
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reproduction and food sources are destroyed when fine silts cover the sand and
gravel streambed. Decreased clarity of the water prevents sunlight from reaching
plants resulting in loss of aquatic plant communities. The result is a reduction in
the number and variety of fish and other aquatic life. This impact ofter can see for
many miles downstream.
Process-
Rivers have a lot of energy and because they have energy, they do stuff. The
obvious things rivers do with their energy is flow but, besides this, they also
transport load, erode load and erode the channel through which they flow. Erosion
Erosion is the breaking down of material by an agent. In the case of a river, the
agent is water. The water can erode the river’s channel and the river’s load. A
river’s load is bits of eroded material, generally rocks, which the river transports
until it deposits its load. A river’s channel is eroded laterally and vertically making
the channel wider and deeper. The intensity of lateral and vertical erosion is
dictated by the stage in the river’s course, discussed in more detail here but
essentially, in the upper stage of the river’s course (close to the source of the river)
there is little horizontal erosion and lots of vertical erosion. In the middle and
lower stages vertical erosion is reduced and more horizontal erosion takes place.
There are several different ways that a river erodes its bed and banks. The first is
hydraulic action, where the force of the water removes rock particles from the bed
and banks. This type of erosion is strongest at rapids and waterfalls where the
water has a high velocity. The next type of erosion is corrasion. This is where the
river’s load acts almost like sandpaper, removing pieces of rock as the load rubs
against the bed & banks. This sort of erosion is strongest when the river is
transporting large chunks of rock or after heavy rainfall when the river’s flow is
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turbulent. Corrosion is a special type of erosion that only affects certain types of
rocks. Water, being ever so slightly acidic, will react with certain rocks and
dissolve them. Corrosion is highly effective if the rock type of the channel is chalk
or limestone (anything containing calcium carbonate) otherwise, it doesn’t have
much of an effect. Cavitation is an interesting method of erosion. Air bubbles
trapped in the water get compressed into small spaces like cracks in the river’s
banks. These bubbles eventually implode creating a small shockwave that weakens
the rocks. The shockwaves are very weak but over time the rock will be weakened
to the point at which it falls apart. The final type of erosion is attrition. Attrition is
a way of eroding the river’s load, not the bed and banks. Attrition is where pieces
of rock in the river’s load knock together, breaking chunks of rock off of one
another and gradually rounding and shrinking the load. Transportation when a river
erodes the eroded material becomes the river’s load and the river will then
transport this load through its course until it deposits the load. There are a few
different ways that a river will transport load depending on how much energy the
river has and how big the load is. The largest of particles such as boulders are
transported by traction. These particles are rolled along the bed of the river,
eroding the bed and the particles in the process, because the river doesn’t have
enough energy to move these large particles in any other way. Slightly smaller
particles, such as pebbles and gravel, are transported by saltation. This is where the
load bounces along the bed of the river because the river has enough energy to lift
the particles off the bed but the particles are too heavy to travel by suspension.
Fine particles like clay and silt are transported in suspension; they are suspended in
the water. Most of a river’s load is transported by suspension. Solution is a special
method of transportation. This is where particles are dissolved into the water so
only rocks that are soluble, such as limestone or chalk, can be transported in
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solution. Capacity & Competence Rivers can only carry so much load depending
on their energy. The maximum volume of load that a river can carry at a specific
point in its course is called the river’s capacity. The biggest sized particle that a
river could carry at a specific point is called the river’s competence. Deposition to
transport load a river needs to have energy so when a river loses energy it is forced
to deposit its load. There are several reasons why a river could lose energy. If the
river’s discharge is reduced then the river will lose energy because it isn’t flowing
as quickly anymore. This could happen because of a lack of precipitation or an
increase in evaporation. Increased human use (abstraction) of a river could also
reduce its discharge forcing it deposit its load. If the gradient of the river’s course
flattens out, the river will deposit its load because it will be travelling a lot slower.
When a river meets the sea a river will deposit its load because the gradient is
generally reduced at sea level and the sea will absorb a lot of energy. As rivers get
nearer to their mouths they flow in increasingly wide, gentle sided valleys. The
channel increases in size to hold the extra water which the river has to receive from
its tributaries. As the river gets bigger it can carry larger amounts of material. This
material will be small in size, as larger rocks will have broken up on their way
from the mountains. Much of the material will be carried in suspension and will
erode the river banks by abrasion. When rivers flow over flatter land, they develop
large bends called meanders. As a river goes around a bend most of the water is
pushed towards the outside causing increased erosion. The river is now eroding
sideways into its banks rather than downwards into its bed, a process called lateral
erosion. On the inside of the bend, in contrast, there is much less water. The river
will therefore be shallow and slow-flowing. It cannot carry as much material and
so sand and shingle will be deposited. This is called a point bar or slip off slope
Due to erosion on the outside of a bend and deposition on the inside, the shape of a
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meander will change over a period of time. Notice how erosion narrows the neck
of the land within the meander. In time, and usually during a flood, the river will
cut right through the neck. The river will then take the new, shorter route. The
fastest current, called the thalweg, will now tend to be in the centre of the river,
and so deposition is likely to occur in gentler water next to the banks. Eventually
deposition will block off the old meander to leave an oxbow lake. The oxbow lake
will slowly dry up, only refilling after heavy rain or during a flood. Streams lose
velocity and make deposits when their gradient decreases, when the volume of
water decreases, when there is an increase in cross section, when they encounter
obstructions, or when they enter still water. They deposit alluvial fans, alluvial
cones, piedmont alluvial plains, channel fill, bars, flood plains and deltas.
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7. General Profile of the District
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Balod is a town in bank of river Tandula and also nagar palika in Balod district in
the state of Chhattisgarh, India. Balod is 44 km from Dhamtari and 58 km from
Durg. Balod has one college, one court, one CHC (Community Health Center), and
a jail. Medical facilities are good in Balod. There are two Dams
nearby Tandula and Aadmabaad built on rivers Sukha and tandula in 1913. On
January 1,2012 it was notified as Civil District though revenue district was
declared from January 10,2012. Balod became the 29th district of
Chhattishgarh.There are several religious temples nearby town, particularly Ganga
Maiyya temple and Siyadevi temple hold great religious value for the townsfolk.
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(*� �$��� �����$�� �$��
02 – Balod & Dallirajhara
(+� �$���"���#�� 06 - Doundi Lohara, Gunderdehi, Arjunda, Chikhalakasa, Gurur & Doundi
(,� $�����"���#� 393
����GEOHYDROLOGY MAP
Communication :-
Road :- state highway network from Balod district connects Durg, Dhamtari,
Rajnandgaon, Dallirajhara, Doundi, Doundilohara, Pakhanjore, Kanker,
Kondagaon & Jagdalpur cities. It is 44 km from Dhamtari and 58 km from Durg &
56km from Rajnandgaon.
Rail :- South Central East Railway (SCER) Connected with Rail section line from
Raipur & Durg cities.
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8. Land Utilition Pattern in the district: Forest, Agriculture,
Horticulture, Mining etc.
(i)Types of Soil:-
����
Name of Block
Red Soil (Bhata)
Entisols
Sandy loams
(Matasi) Inceptisols
Dorsa (Alfisols)
Black (Kanhar)
vertisols
Total
Area
Area
%
Area
%
Area
%
Area
%
Doundi
Lohara
4381 12.70 8022 23.26 8925 25.88 13157 38.15 34485
Gunderdehi 5840 9.98 27143 46.38 14122 24.13 11420 19.51 58525
Balod 7670 14.25 10360 19.24 15626 29.02 20183 37.49 53839
Gurur
Doundi
Total 17891 12.30 45525 29.63 38673 26.35 44760 31.72 146849
�(ii)Types of Forest:-
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(iii)Details of Horticulture:-
S. No. Particular Details Area in Hectare
1 Geographical Area of the District 352700 Hect.
2 Forest Area 24851 Hect.
3 Total Kast Land Area 176228 Hect.
4 Land Covered by Gardening Crops 15373 Hect.
5 Land Covered by Fruit Plants 2934 Hect.
6 Land Covered by Vegetables Crop 10602 Hect.
7 Land Covered by Masala 1535 Hect.
8 Land Covered by Flowers 185 Hect.
9 Land Covered by Medicinal & Sented Plants 117 Hect.
10 Percentage of Gardening Crops 8.72%
(iv)Details of Agriculture:-
S. No. Particular Details Area in Hectare
1 Geographical Area of the District 352700 Hect.
2 Forest Area 24851 Hect.
3 Non-Agricultural Land 183699 Hect.
4 Duel Crop Area 97824 Hect.
5 Total Kast Land Area 281523 Hect.
6 Kharif Crop Area 178603 Hect.
7 Ravi Crop Area 73008 Hect.
8 Area of Jayad 1200 Hect.
9 Total Crop Area 252811 Hect.
10 Density 138%
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(v) Details of Ground Water Survey:- ����
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Climate:-
Climate of the district is of tropical type. Summer is a little bit hotter. Rise of
temperature begins from the month of March to May. May is hottest amongst
other. Balod District's annual average rainfall is 1052 MM. During the year, most
rainfall occurs during the monsoon month June to September. July is the month of
highest rainfall.
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9. Physiography of the District
Physiographically the area in Balod District having Southern peripheral undulating
terrain of low hills. The general slope of the district is towards the north - east in
which direction the major streams of the district flow.
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GEOMORPHOLOGY MAP
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10. Rainfall of District Balod Year wise
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11. Geology and Mineral Wealth
GEOTECHNICAL MAP
Geology:-
Geologically, the district comprises of rocks of Archaean basement of Meso to
neo-Proterozoic ages. The oldest rocks belong to Archaean and mainly comprise
the basement granite gneiss with metasedimentary and metaigneous enclaves
belonging to the Bengpal Group. The overlying bailadila Group includes banded
iron formation, shale and phylite belonging to Archaean-lower Proterozoic age. It
is uncomfortably overlain by the rocks of the nandgaon Group belonging to the
palaeo- Proterozoic age comprising rhyolite, rhylitic tuffs, basic pyroclastics,
basalt, dolerite and gabbro etc. The Meso-to Neo- Proterozoic sequence is
represented by the Chhattisgarh Supergroup, Raipur Group comprises Charmuria
formation, Gunderdehi formation, Chandi formation, Tarenga formation, Hirri
formation and Maniari formation. Charmuria formation mainly comprises grey
bedded, limestone with minor phosphatic clay bands. Gunderdehi formation
consists of purple to reddish brown calcareous shale. Quatrenary is represented by
pebble beds, (Khamaria pebble bed).
The granite gneiss show well developed banding with light colour minerals and
dark colour minerals oriented parallelly. The banded iron formation of bailadila
group form ridges in the southern part of the district. These show curvilinear
pattern with beds trending E-W to NE-SW with northerly and southwesterly dips
of 40° to 80°, the rocks of the Chhattisgarh Group show sub-horizontal dips. The
Chandrapur group show dips varying from 5° to 15° towards north. The overlying
formations are nearly flat dipping.
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Strati
Lithology Formation
Stromatolite Limestone
Chandi Form
Purple calcareous shale
Gunderdehi Fo
Grey bedded/Flaggy
limestone
Charmuria Fo
Sandstone with shale &
siltstone, inter-
calations and
conglomerete
Basic pyroclastics
basalt, dolorite and
babbro
Ryolite, porphyritic
acid pyroclastics,
basalt, dolorite and
gabbro
Banded hematite
quartzite, ferruginouse
Quartz vein, silified
zone
Granite gnisses with
enclaves of quartzite,
quartz-mica schist and
amphibolite
atigraphy Succession of Balod district
tion/Bed Group Supergroup
Formation
Raipur Group
Chhattisgarh
Supergroup
hi Formation
a Formation
Chandarpur Group
Nandgaon Group
(Kotri Group)
Bailadila Group
Basement Gneissic
Comlez (Bengpal
Group)
Basement Gneissic
Comlez (Bengpal
Group)
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Age Nature and
Characteristic
Neo to Meso
Proterozoic
Purple to grey, fine
grained, hard and
compact, calcareous
rock showing
stromatilitic structure
Purple to white, fine
grained, friable
calcareous with
intercalations of
stromalitic limestone
Dark grey, hard
compact flaggy/ we
bedded, calcareous
rock, pyritiferous at
place, with
Grey to yellowish,
medium grained,
compact,
glaucreonitic, peblly
at place (viz,
conglomerate,
arenite). Shale is fine
grained,
Palaeo
Proterozoic
Dark grey, medium to
course grained,
massive, hard, basic
rock
Pinkish, light grey, fine
grained, massive add
volcanic rock
Palaeo
Proterozoic to
Archean
Hard, compact,
Banded Iron
Formation (BIF).
Shale/phylite is fine
grained, soft rock, at
place ferruginous
Hard, compact,
Banded Iron
Formation (BIF).
Shale/phylite is fine
grained, soft rock, at
place ferruginous
Archean
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Mineral:-
Mineral deposit of Balod district include Iron Ore, Flagstone, Sandstone,
Quartzite, Laterite sand and Soil etc.
Low grade limestone occurs as flagstone in Gunderdehi block of Balod district.
Brick Earth (clay for brick making) are available in village's different part of the
district.
Sands is mostly available in Bank of Tandula and Kharun river. Quarry leases for
sand mining are given in different village of Balod district.
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Additional information of the district
Drainage System:-
Tandula
This river originates from hills situated in the north of Bhanupratappur (District-
Kanker). After covering a distance of 34 km this river joins Sukhanala. This river
joins Sheonath river in the south-west of Durg at a distance of approximately
13 km at gram Changori. The total length of this river is 96.6 km. A dam was
constructed during the period 1905 to 1921 at the joining point of Sukhanala and
Tandula river.
Kharkhara
This river originates from Hils of Dallirajhara (Banjaridih) District Balod. After
covering a distance of 55 km this river joins Sheonath river. The total length of this
river is 55 km.
Kharun
Kharun river flows in eastern parts of the district starting from Petechua in Balod
District. This river flows towards north and joins (meet) Shivnath River at
Somnath near Simga. This river determines the boundary of Raipur and Durg
district. The length of this river is about 120 KM.
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Survey Report for Sand Mining of District Balod
This survey report is prepared for District Balod to identify the sustainable mining
in the area. In District Balod there are three rivers namely Tandula, Kharkhara and
Kharun having length of 70km., 55km and 60km. respectively.
All possible sand mining area has been surveyed. The river wise area surveyed and
identified for sand mining is given in the annexure.
The thickness of sand load is considered average 4 meters in depth by observation
as well as local enquiry out of which up to depth of 3 meter is considered for
calculation of mineral potential.
The mining area will be 10m. away from the river bank and about 10m. Influence
as safity barrier from the main streem will be left, where mining operation will be
restricted. Hence 10 m. influence area from the main stream has been considered as
safity zone or non mining zone.
It is considered that replenishment of sand in every monsoon season is a regular
process. Based on the last five year observation, it is experienced that average of
3m. sand is replenished every year.
Area Prohibited for Mining:-
The following area will be prohibited for minng.
i. No mining activity will be executed 10 m. from the river bank.
ii. Mining is prohibited within 10 m. from the flow of the main stream.
iii. During mining measures should be taken to guide the flow to the centre
of the river to avoide erosion of banks.
iv. Mining area is restricted up to 500 mts. down stream of any structure like
bridge, diversion head work, anicut etc.
v. Measures should be kept in consideration that the flow of river should not
be diverted or obstructed.
vi. The distance between two sand mining locations should be minimum 500
meters.
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vii. Before permission of mining a suitable test of sand for construction
purpose like silt percentage, fineness modulus etc. must be obtained from
competent laboratory / authority.
viii. Provision for plantation must be assured on the river bank of concerened
sand mining zone to protect erosion of banks and to maintaines
ecobalance. �
Details are given bellow:-
S. No. Name of River Ara Drained Sq. K.M. % Area
Drained in the
District in Balod Dist Total
1 2 3 4 5
1 Tandula River 70 Sq. k.m. 22484 Sq. k.m. 50 %
2 Kharun River 60 Sq. k.m. 2880 Sq. k.m. 30 %
3 Kharkhara River 55 Sq. k.m. 55 Sq. k.m. 100 %
Features of Important Rivers and Streams:-
S. No. Name of the
River or Stream
Total Length
in the District
(in k.m.)
Place of origin Height of
origin
1 2 3 4 5
1 Tandula River 32.00 k.m. Hills Near Bhanupratapur
(Dist-Kanker)
8 m
2 Kharun River 31.00 k.m. Kankalin (Petachuwa)
(Dist-Balod)
1 m
3 Kharkhara River 38.00 k.m. Hils of Dallirajhara
(Banjaridih) (Dist- Balod
3 m
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S.No. Portion of the
River of
Stream
Recommended
for Mineral
Concession
Length of
area
recommended
for mineral
concession (in
kilometer)
Average
Width of area
Recommended
for mineral
concession (in
meters)
Area
recommended
for mineral
concession (in
meter)
Mineable
mineral
potential
(in metric
tonne) 60%
of total
mineral
potential)
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Length of
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Average
Width of area
Recommended
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