đồ án chuyên ngành plc
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Đại học bách khoa Hà NộiTRANSCRIPT
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 1
MC LC
LI NI U ................................................................................................................................. 2
CHNG 1: KHI QUT V TI V YU CU .......................................................... 3
CHNG 2: THIT K CHNG TRNH IU KHIN.................................................... 5
2.1. Xy dng chng trnh iu khin ................................................................................. 5
2.2. Hm iu khin ................................................................................................................. 9
2.3. S r le tip im ...................................................................................................... 10
CHNG 3: LA CHN THIT B ........................................................................................ 12
3.1. Chn PLC ........................................................................................................................ 12
3.2. Thit k s u dy ................................................................................................... 13
3.3. Mch lc .......................................................................................................................... 14
3.4. La chn thit b ............................................................................................................. 15
3.4.1. La chn xylanh ...................................................................................................... 15
3.4.2. La chn cng tc hnh trnh .................................................................................... 16
3.4.3. La chn van phn phi ............................................................................................. 16
3.4.4. La chn r le trung gian........................................................................................... 17
3.4.5. La chn nt n........................................................................................................... 18
3.4.6. La chn cu ch ......................................................................................................... 18
CHNG 4: LP TRNH PLC V THIT K GIAO
DIN IU KHIN ..................................................................................................................... 19
4.2. Giao din nt bm v cm bin..................................................................................... 23
4.3. Giao din gim st s hot ng ca h thng............................................................ 24
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 2
LI NI U
Hin nay trong cng nghip hin i ha t nc, yu cu ng dng t ng ha
ngy cng cao v trong i sng sinh hot, sn xut (yu cu iu khin t ng, linh hot,
tin li, gn nh). Mt khc, nh cng ngh thng tin, cng ngh in t pht trin
nhanh chng lm xut hin mt loi thit b iu khin kh trnh PLC.
thc hin cng vic mt cch khoa hc nhm t c s lng sn phm ln,
nhanh m li tin li v kinh t. Cc cng ty, x nghip sn xut thng s dng cng ngh
lp trnh PLC s dng cc loi phn mm t ng. Dy chuyn sn xut t ng PLC lm
gim sc lao ng ca cng nhn m sn xut li t hiu qu cao p ng kp thi cho i
sng x hi. Qua n ny, em s tm hiu v lp trnh PLC v ng dng n vo iu
khin h thng ng hp bng hai bng ti ca cc cng ty, x nghip sn xut.
Di y l chng trnh iu khin vit cho h thng ng hp t ng. Trong qu
trnh thc hin n cn gp nhiu kh khn tuy vy n cng chnh l bi kim tra kho
st kin thc tng hp ca mi sinh vin, v cng l iu kin cho sinh vin ngnh t
ng ha t tm hiu v nghin cu kin thc v PLC. Mc d vy, vi sinh vin ang ngi
trong gh nh trng th kinh nghim thc t cn cha c nhiu, do cn phi c s
hng dn gip ca thy gio. Qua y cho em c gi li cm n ti thy gio
TS.Dng Minh c tn tnh ch dn, gip em hon thnh tt n mn hc ny.
n ny hon thnh khng nhng gip em c c thm nhiu kin thc hn v mn
hc m cn gip em dc tip xc vi mt phng php lm vic mi ch ng hn,linh
hot hn v c bit l s quan trng ca phng php lm vic theo nhm.Qu t rnh thc
hin n l mt thi gian thc s b ch cho bn thn em v nhiu mt.
H ni, ngy 9 thng 6 nm 2015
Sinh vin
Ng c Vnh
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 3
CHNG 1: KHI QUT V TI V YU CU
ti: Cho cng ngh vn chuyn sn phm nh sau:
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 4
Yu cu:
Trng thi ban u cc xylanh thu v, van chn khng ngt, bng ti dng, h thng
cho php vn chuyn v sp xp li chiu ca cc hp sn phm t bng ti 1 sang
bng ti 2. Ln lt cc hp sn phm c a vo thng trn bng ti 2.
Sau nhn nt Start th h thng bt u hot ng. Bng ti 1 hot ng. Khi cm
bin 1B1 nhn bit c 4 hp sn phm i qua th xylanh 1A1 i ra chn cc
hp pha sau li. Sau khi 1A1 ra c 2s th xy lanh 4A1 i xung, khi ti cui
hnh trnh th van chn khng 2A1 m. Khi r le p sut KA tc ng (nhn bit
c chn khng) th xylanh 4A1 thu v. Khi 4A1 thu v ti cui hnh trnh th xylanh
3A1 xoay phi ri xylanh trt 5A1 di chuyn sang phi, ti cui hnh trnh th
xylanh 4A1 dui ra sau van chn khng ngt. 0,5s sau xylanh 4A1 thu v. Ti
cui hnh trnh th 5A1 thu v v bng ti 2 hot ng cho ti khi cm bin 2B1
nhn bit thng vo v tr th dng. Xy lanh 1A1 thu v tip tc cho cc hp
tip theo i vo v tr, chu trnh c nh vy lp li. H thng s dng li khi n Stop.
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 5
CHNG 2: THIT K CHNG TRNH IU KHIN
2.1. Xy dng chng trnh iu khin
Xy dng chng trnh Grafcet 1 cho cng ngh trn
Hnh 2.1: Chng trnh Grafcet 1
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 6
Bng phn cng u vo
STT Tn gi K hiu Loi PLC M t
1 Nt nhn bt u
hot ng
PB1 DI X0 Khi n nt th h thng bt u
hot ng
2 Cm bin 1B1 CB1 DI(NO) X1 Cm bin nhn bit 4 sn phm
3 Cm bin v tr u
4A1, u 5A1
CB2 DI(NO) X2 Cm bin v tr u xy lanh
4A1, u xy lanh 5A1
4 R le p sut KA CB3 DI(NO) X3 Cm bin chn khng
5 Cm bin v tr
cui 4A1, u 5A1
CB4 DI(NO) X4 Cm bin v tr cui xy lanh
4A1, u xy lanh 5A1
6 Cm bin v tr
u 4A1, cui 5A1
CB5 DI(NO) X5 Cm bin v tr u xy lanh
4A1, cui xy lanh 5A1
7 Cm bin 2B1 CB6 DI(NO) X6 Cm bin cho bit thng hng
vo ng v tr
8 Cm bin v tr
cui 4A1, cui 5A1
CB7 DI(NO) X7 Cm bin v tr cui xy lanh
4A1, cui xy lanh 5A1
9 Stop PB2 DI X10 Khi n nt th h thng dng
li
Tng s u vo: 9 u vo DI
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 7
Bng phn cng u ra
STT Tn gi K hiu Loi PLC M t
1 Bng ti 1 BT1 DO
Y0 Vn chuyn sn phm t u n
cui bng ti.
ng c KB 3 pha, ng ct
dng contactor 220V~, qua r le
trung gian
2 Xylanh 1A1 i ra XL1 DO Y1 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng
nam chm in qua van ph tr
c 2 pha
3 Xylanh 4A1 i
xung
XL2 DO Y2 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng
nam chm in qua van ph tr
c 2 pha
4 Van 2A1 m 1 DO Y3 n bo 220Vac
5 Xylanh 4A1 i ln XL2 DO Y4 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng
nam chm in qua van ph tr
c 2 pha
6 Xylanh 3A1 xoay
phi
XL3 DO Y5 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng
nam chm in qua van ph tr
7 Xylanh 5A1 i sang
phi
XL4 DO Y6 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng
nam chm in qua van ph tr
c 2 pha
8 Van 2A1 ngt 2 DO Y7 n bo 220Vac
9 Xylanh 5A1 sang
tri
XL4 DO Y10 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng
nam chm in qua van ph tr
c 2 pha
10 Bng ti 2 BT2 DO Y11 Vn chuyn sn phm t u n
cui bng ti.
ng c KB 3 pha, ng ct
dng CTT 220V~, qua r le trung
gian
11 Xylanh 1A1 i vo XL1 DO Y12 Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng
nam chm in qua van ph tr
c 2 pha
Tng s u ra: 11 u ra DO
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 8
Chng trnh grafcet 2:
Hnh 2.2: Chng trnh Grafcet 2
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 9
2.2. Hm iu khin
T chng trnh grafcet trn, vit c hm iu khin cho cng ngh:
Y0 = (g + X10.Y12 + Y0) 1Y
Y1 = (X1.Y0 + X1.Y12 +Y1) 2Y
Y2 = (T0.Y1 + X5.Y5.Y6+Y2) 73 YY
Y3 = (X4.Y2 +Y3) 4Y
Y4 = (X3.Y3 + T1.Y7 + Y4) 111065 YYYY
Y5 = (X2.Y4 + Y5) 2Y
Y6 = (X2.Y4 + Y6) 2Y
Y7 = (X7.Y2 + Y7) 4Y
Y10 = (X5.Y4 +Y10) 12Y
Y11 = (X5.Y4 +Y11) 12Y
Y12 = (X6.Y10.Y11 + Y12) 01 YY
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 10
2.3. S r le tip im
T hm iu khin trnh by nh trn, v c s rle tip im nh sau:
Hnh 2.4: S r le tip im
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 11
Hot ng ca s r le tip im:
- n g (Start), Y0 hot ng v t duy tr
- Khi X1 tc ng, Y1 hot ng v duy tr ng thi ngt Y0
- Khi timer T0 tc ng, Y2 hot ng v ngt Y1
- Khi tip im X4 ng, Y3 hot ng v t duy tr cho n khi chuyn
trng thi
- X3 tc ng, Y4 hot ng v Y3 ngng hot ng
- Cho n khi X2 ng, Y5 v Y6 hot ng v t duy tr ng thi Y4
ngng
- Nu tip im X5 ng, Y2 hot ng v ngt Y5, Y6
- Tip n X7 tc ng, Y7 hot ng v ngt Y2
- Sau , timer T1 tc ng, Y4 hot ng v ngt Y7
- Nu tip im X5 ng, Y10 v Y11 c in v hot ng ng thi
ngt in Y4
- Tip , tip im X6 tc ng, Y12 c cp in v hot ng, ngt
in Y10 v Y11
- Ti y, nu X1 tc ng th Y1 s hot ng. Nu X10 tc ng th
Y0 s hot ng v ngt Y12
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 12
CHNG 3: LA CHN THIT B
3.1. Chn PLC
Theo yu cu ca bi ton, s u vo cn thit l 9 v s u ra cn thit l 11 nn ta
chn PLC: FX3U-32MR/ES-A
B CPU vi 32 I/O: 16 u vo v 16 u ra (r le)
Ngun cung cp: 100 - 240 VAC
Cng sut tiu th: 35 W
B nh chng trnh: 64.000 Steps
ng h thi gian thc.
B m: 235
Timer: 512
C th m rng n 384 ng vo/ra
Truyn thng RS232C, RS 485.
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 13
3.2. Thit k s u dy
Hnh 3.1: s u dy
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 14
3.3. Mch lc
Trong h thng, c 2 bng ti iu khin bi 2 ng c
C iu khin bng ti 1 (BT1) C iu khin bng ti 2 (BT2)
Rle iu khin xylanh 1A1 Rle iu khin xylanh 3A1
Rle iu khin xylanh 4A1 Rle iu khin xylanh 5A1
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 15
3.4. La chn thit b
3.4.1. La chn xylanh
La chn 2 xylanh kh nn inox MA cho cc v tr xi lanh 1A1 ,4A1
u im ca xylanh kh nn dng ny l d s dng, thng lp cc v tr cht
hp, khng c din tch v cu to n gin, cht liu nh, hay dng trong mi trng sch
nh sn xut thc phm, sn xut ru bia, sn xut thuc l, dc phm .
+ La chn xylanh xoay SMC CRB2BWU10 cho v tr xi lanh 3A1
+ La chn xylanh trt FESTO model cho v tr xylanh 5 A1
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 16
3.4.2. La chn cng tc hnh trnh
La chn Cng Tc hnh trnh Omron Z-15GW22-B
3.4.3. La chn van phn phi
Van MAC c thng s k thut :
Kch thc : 10-32 UNF
Trng thi van : NC
Trng thi cun ht : thng ng.
Ngun : 24 VDC
Cng sut :1.8 W
Chiu di dy ni : 18 inch
p sut ti a : 120 PSI( 8.2bar)
Nhit hot ng : -18 n 50 oC
Thi gian p ng : 3-8 ms.
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 17
3.4.4. La chn r le trung gian
Vi van phn phi nh trn, ta chn role trung gian c thng s nh sau:
S cp tip im : 2.
Ngun cp : 24VDC.
Dng nh mc : 3A.
Cng sut ct dng : 36 W.
Kch thc : 36x28x21.5 mm.
R le loi MY ca hng Omron.
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 18
3.4.5. La chn nt n
V tr :
t ti bng iu khin.
Chc nng :
Thc hin cc hot ng iu khin qu trnh, khi ng, reset, dng c cu.
c im :
- S dng loi nt nhn c n bo m bo cho cc thao tc iu khin
ng.
- Dng ti a : 5A
3.4.6. La chn cu ch
Chn loi cu ch ngc thng s 24VDC - 2A.
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 19
CHNG 4: LP TRNH PLC V THIT K GIAO
DIN IU KHIN
4.1. Chng trnh iu khin SFC
S dng phn mm GX-develop ta c chng trnh iu khin c vit bng ngn ng
SFC:
Hnh 4.1: Chng trnh SFC
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 20
Trng thi ban u
S0:
Tr0:
S10:
Tr1:
S11:
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 21
Tr2:
Tr3:
S12:
S13:
Tr4:
Tr5:
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 22
S14:
Tr6:
Tr7:
S15:
S16:
Tr8:
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 23
Tr9:
S17:
Tr10:
Tr11:
4.2. Giao din nt bm v cm bin
- Giao din iu khin gm 2 nt bm Start v Stop
- C 7 cm bin: cm bin 1B1, cm bin v tr u 4A1 u 5A1, cm bin r
le p sut KA, cm bin v tr cui 4A1 u 5A1, cm bin v tr u 4A1
cui 5A1, cm bin 2B1, cm bin cui 4A1 cui 5A1
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 24
Hnh 4.2: Giao din nt bm v cm bin
4.3. Giao din gim st s hot ng ca h thng
Hnh 4.3: Giao din gim st
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 25
- Khi n nt Start X0, h thng bt u hot ng, bng ti 1 chy, n Y0
sng.
- Khi cm bin 1B1 X1 tc ng nhn bit 4 sn phm, xy lanh 1A1 i ra
chn sn phm li, n Y1 sng
- Sau khi xy lanh 1A1 i ra 2 giy th xy lanh 4A1 i xung, n Y2 sng
- Khi xy lanh 4A1 i ht hnh trnh gp cm bin v tr X4 th van chn khng
2A1 m, n Y3 sng
- Sau khi van 2A1 m, cm bin p sut KA X3 tc ng, xy lanh 4A1 i
ln, n Y4 sng
- Xy lanh 4A1 i ht hnh trnh ln chm cm bin v tr X2 th xy lanh 3A1
xoay phi, n Y5 sng v xy lanh 5A1 trt sang tri, n Y6 sng
- Xy lanh 5A1 sang phai n ht hnh trnh chm cm bin X5 th xy lanh 4A1
i xung, n Y2 sng
- Xy lanh 4A1 i xung n khi chm cm bin v tr X7 th van chn khng
2A1 ng, n Y7 sng
- Sau khi van 2A1 ng 0,5 giy, xy lanh 4A1 i ln, n Y4 sng
- Xy lanh 4A1 i ln cho n ht hnh trnh chm cm bin X5, xy lanh 5A1 i
sang tri, n Y10 sng, ng thi bng ti 2 bt u chy, n y11 sng
- Bng ti 2 hot ng cho ti khi cm bin 2B1 X6 tc ng nhn bit thng
i vo v tr th bng ti 2 dng, xy lanh 1A1 thu vo, n Y12 sng
- Nu n nt Stop X10 th h thng dng li, nu khng n h thng bt u
chu trnh mi.
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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin in
Gio vin hng dn: TS.Dng Minh c Sinh vin: Ng c Vnh 26
KT LUN
Qua thi gian nghin cu v thc hin n ny, em nhn thy mnh thu c
mt lng kin thc rt c ch v PLC v ng dng ca PLC trong cng nghip
Nhm em thu c nhng kt qu nh sau:
- tm hiu v nm vng khi nim, ng dng v PLC c bit l PLC
mitsubishi FX3U
- Hiu c cch s dng phn mm GX Dveloper, GT Designer, GT Simulator v ngn ng lp trnh SFC
- Thit k h thng gim st iu khin, m phng thnh cng.