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n Mn Hc 2

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Duy Tho

LI NI UNgy nay vi s pht trin khng ngng ca khoa hc k thut lm cho cuc sng ca con ngi ngy cng c nng cao v mi mt trong cuc sng, trong sinh hot cng nh trong sn xut. Vi vic ng dng khoa hc k thut vo cuc sng lm cho cht lng cuc sng nng ln r rt, t bit l nng cao nng sut lao ng trong cc nh my, x nghip. l vic ng dng cc mch in t vo trong cc dy chuyn sn xut. Cc mch in t ny vi chnh xc cao v d s dng dn dn thay th c vai tr ca ngi cng nhn trong cc nh my, x nghip.

2 SVTH: Nguyn ng Thc MSSV: 08101139

n Mn Hc 2


LI CM N hon thnh n ny em nhn c s hng dn v ch bo tn tnh ca Gio vin hng dn. Em xin chn thnh cm n thy Nguyn Duy Tho tn tnh hng dn v ch dy cho em trong sut qu trnh thc hin n ny. Qua y em cng xin gi li cm n n cc Thy C trong khoa in- in t cng nh trong trng cung cp cho em nhng kin thc nn tng cng nh chuyn ngnh trong sut nhng hc k qua. Chnh nhng iu ny gip em hon thnh n ny mt cch tt p. Xin cm n qu thy c trong th vin trng to iu kin cho em c c cc ti liu cn thit thc hin n ny. Sau cng, em xin gi li cm n chn thnh n nhng ngi thn trong gia nh, cc bn b trong v ngoi lp, nhng ngi lun gp , ng vin, khuyn khch v gip cho n ny hon thnh.

Ngy 28 thng 11 nm 2011 Sinh vin thc hin

Nguyn ng Thc


n Mn Hc 2


NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................

Tp H Ch Minh, ngy 28 thng 11 nm 2011 Gio vin hng dn

Nguyn Duy Tho


n Mn Hc 2


MC LCPHN 1: GII THIU TI PHN 2: L THUYT TNG QUAN2.1 S khi ca h thng. 2.2 Phn tch tng khi. 2.3 Gii thiu linh kin. 2.3 S nguyn l.

PHN 3: THIT K V THI CNG3.1 Lu gii thut. 3.2 M ngun chng trnh(code). 3.3 M phng 3.4 S mch in

PHN 4: KT LUN PHN 5: TI LIU THAM KHO


n Mn Hc 2


PHN 1: GII THIU TISau 3 nm hc ti khoa in-in t ca trng i hc s phm k thut thnh ph H Ch Minh, em c mt s kin thc nht nh v in t c bn, k thut s, v nhng k nng lp trnh cho vi x l. Quan st cuc sng thc t th em thy o khong cch l mt ng dng thng c s dng. Th bng nhng kin thc c em tm hiu v tng bc cho ra i sn phm l mt mch o khong cch. Mc d n khng c chnh xc nh mt chic my o chuyn dng nhng cng tng i chnh xc v c th s dng c.


n Mn Hc 2


PHN 2: L THUYT TNG QUAN2.1 S KHI H THNG

KHI NGUN

KHI CM BIN

KHI X L

KHI HIN TH


n Mn Hc 2


2.2 PHN TCH TNG KHI 2.2.1 Khi ngun S dng ngun 5V cung cp in p cho cc linh kin trong mch hot ng. 2.2.2 Khi cm bin y, ta s dng IC SRF05 pht xung ti v tr cn o, sau n t to ra mt xung chn ECHO, rng xung ny t l vi khong cch cn o. 2.2.3 Khi x l S dng vi iu khin AT89S52 kch xung iu khin SRF05 hot ng v o rng xung chn ECHO ca SRF05.Sau khi o xong vi iu khin s tnh ton v a gi tr n cho LCD hin th kt qu. 2.2.4 Khi hin th S dng LCD 16x2 hin th khong cch o c.


n Mn Hc 22.3 GII THIU LINH KIN 2.3.1 VI IU KHIN AT89S52


AT89S52 thuc h 8051 c 40 chn cho cc chc nng khc nhau nh vo ra I/O, c RD, ghi WR, a ch, d liu v ngt.

A/ M T CC CHN Chn VCC: Chn s 40 l VCC cp in p ngun cho chip. Ngun in p l +5V. Chn GND: Chn s 20 l GND.


n Mn Hc 2


Chn XTAL1 v XTAL2: 89S52 c mt b giao ng trn chip nhng n yu cu c mt xung ng h ngoi chy n. B giao ng thch anh thng xuyn nht c ni ti cc chn u vo XTAL1 (chn 19) v XTAL2 (chn 18). B giao ng thch anh c ni ti XTAL1 v XTAL2 cng cn hai t in gi tr 33pF. Mt pha ca t in c ni xung t. Chn Reset: Chn s 9 l chn ti lp reset. N l mt u vo tch cc mc cao(bnh thng mc thp).Nhm lm cho u vo RESET c hiu qu th n phi c ti thiu 2 chu k my, hay ni cch khc, xung cao phi ko di 2 chu k my trc khi n xung thp.Trong 8051 mt chu k my bng 12 chu k dao ng. Mch reset:

R1100

C110uF

R28K2


n Mn Hc 2


Chn EA: Tn hiu vo EA chn 31 thng c mt ln mc 1 hoc mc 0. Nu mc 1, 89S52 thi hnh chng trnh t b nh ni. Nu mc 0, 89S52 s thi hnh chng trnh t b nh ngoi. Chn PSEN (program store enable): tn hiu xut ra t vi iu khin iu khn c b nh chng trnh. Nu s dng b nh chng trnh ngoi th PSEN c ni vi OE ca ROM, nu khng s dng th b trng chn ny. Chn ALE ( address latch enable): cho php cht a ch. Tn hiu ALE s c ni vi chn LE ca IC cht. Cc PORT: Port 0 (chn 32 39): l port c hai chc nng. Trong cc thit k c nh khng dng b nh m rng, n c chc nng nh cc ng IO. i vi cc thit k c ln c b nh m rng, n c kt hp gia bus a ch v bus d liu. Port 1 (chn 1 8): l port IO, cc chn P1.0, P1.1, P1.2, c th dng cho giao tip vi cc thit b ngoi nu cn. Ngoi ra chn P1.0 cng l ng vo ca timer 2, chn P1.1 l ng vo ngt ngoi timer 2 ca 8952. Port 2 (chn 21 28): l 1 port a nng c dng nh cc ng xut nhp hoc l byte cao ca bus a ch i vi cc thit b dng b nh m rng. Port 3 (chn 10 17): l port a nng nu khng s dng th port 3 dng lm IO; nu c s dng th c cc chc nng c bit sau : P3.0 - RxD: dng nhn d liu ni tip trong khi giao tip UART hay giao tip my tnh. P3.1 - TxD: dng truyn d liu ni tip trong khi giao tip UART hay giao tip my tnh. P3.2 - INT0: tn hiu ngt ngoi th 0. P3.3 - INT1: tn hiu ngt ngoi th 1.


n Mn Hc 2


P3.4 - T0: ng vo nhn xung ngoi cho timer / counter 0. P3.5 - T1: ng vo nhn xung ngoi cho timer / counter 1. P3.6 - WR: iu khin ghi d liu. P3.7 - RD: iu khin c d liu. B/ T CHC B NH Vi iu khin 89S52 c b nh ni bn trong v c kh nng giao tip vi b nh bn ngoi nu b nh bn trong khng c kh nng lu tr chng trnh. B nh bn trong gm c 2 loi b nh: b nh d liu v b nh chng trnh. B nh d liu c 256 byte, b nh chng trnh c dung lng 8 kbyte. B nh m rng bn ngoi cng gm c 2 loi: b nh d liu v b nh chng trnh. Kh nng giao tip l 64kbyte cho mi loi. Hnh sau minh ho kh nng giao tip b nh ca vi iu khin 89S52.

B nh m rng bn ngoi v b nh chng trnh bn trong v b nh chng trnh bn trong khng c g c bit ch c chc nng lu tr d liu v m chng trnh nn khng cn phi kho st. B nh chng trnh bn trong ca vi iu khin thuc loi b nh FLASH ROM cho php xo bng xung in v lp trnh li. B nh RAM ni bn trong l mt b nh c bit ngi s dng vi iu khin cn phi nm r cch t chc v cc chc nng c bit ca b nh ny.


n Mn Hc 2


RAM bn trong 89S52 c phn chia nh sau: Cc bank thanh ghi c a ch t 00H n 1FH. RAM a ch ha tng bit c a ch t 20H n 2FH. RAM a dng t 30H n 7FH. Cc thanh ghi chc nng c bit 80H n FFH.


n Mn Hc 2


C/ CC THANH GHI C CHC NNG C BIT Cc nh c a ch 80H, 90H, A0h, B0h: L cc Port ca 89S52 bao gm port0 c a ch l 80H, Port1 c a ch 90H, Port2 c a ch A0H v Port3 c a ch B0H. Tt c cc Port ny c th truy xut tng bit nn rt thun tin trong iu khin IO. nh c a ch 81H: L thanh ghi con tr ngn xp SP (stack pointer) - c chc nng qun l a ch ca b nh ngn xp. B nh ngn xp dng lu tr d liu tm thi trong qu trnh vi iu khin thc hin chng trnh. nh c a ch 82h v 83h: L 2 thanh ghi dpl (byte thp) c a ch l 82H v dph (byte cao) c a ch 83H. Hai thanh ghi ny c th s dng c lp nu lu tr d liu v c th kt hp li to thnh 1 thanh ghi 16 bit c tn l dptr v gi l con tr d liu c dng lu a ch 16 bit khi truy xut d liu bn ngoi. nh c a ch 87H: L thanh ghi pcon (power control) c chc nng iu khin cng xt khi vi iu khin lm vic hay ch ch. Cc nh c a ch t 88H n 8DH : L cc thanh ghi phc v cho 2 timer/ counter T1, T0. Thanh ghi TH0 v TL0 kt hp li to thnh 1 thanh ghi 16 bit c chc nng lu tr xung m cho timer/counter T0. Tng t cho 2 thanh ghi TH1 v TL1 kt hp li lu tr xung m cho timer/counter T1. Kh nng lu tr s lng xung m l 65536 xung. Cc nh c chc nng 98H n 99H : L 2 thanh ghi scon v sbuf:scon (series control): thanh ghi iu khin truyn d liu ni tip. Sbuf (series buffer ): thanh ghi m d liu truyn ni tip. Cc nh c a ch t A8H n B9H : L 2 thanh ghi IE v IP thanh ghi IE (interrupt enable): thanh ghi iu khin cho php / khng cho php ngt. IP (interrupt priority): thanh ghi iu khin u tin ngt.

Thanh ghi trng thi chng trnh (PSW: Program Status Word): Thanh ghi trng thi chng trnh c a ch D0H c tm tt nh sau:


n Mn Hc 2


Thanh ghi B : Thanh ghi B c a ch F0H c dng cng vi thanh ghi A thc hin cc php ton nhn chia. Lnh MUL AB: s nhn gi tr khng du 8 bit vi 8 bit trong hai thanh ghi A v B, ri tr v kt qu 16 bit trong A (byte cao) v B(byte thp). Lnh DIV AB: ly gi tr trong thanh ghi A chia cho gi tr trong thanh ghi B, kt qu nguyn lu trong A, s d lu trong B. D/ B NH THI TIMER TRONG VI IU KHIN Thanh ghi chn kiu lm vic cho Timer-Mode Register


n Mn Hc 2


Thanh ghi iu khin- Control Register


n Mn Hc 2


E/ HOT NG NGT CA VI IU KHIN

T chc ngt


n Mn Hc 2Vi iu khin 89S52 c 6 ngun ngt


Cho php ngt/cm ngt Trong vi iu khin c mt thanh ghi IE a ch 0A8H c chc nng cho php/ cm ngt. Ta s dng thanh ghi ny cho php hay khng cho php i vi tng ngun ngt v cho ton b cc ngun ngt.

Hot ng ca tng bit trong thanh ghi cho php ngt IE c tm tt trong bng di y:


n Mn Hc 2


Cu trc ngt ca vi iu khin

Cc vector ngt


n Mn Hc 2


2.3.1 CM BIN SIU M

A/ CC MODE HOT NG


n Mn Hc 2


S chn SRF05

Gin xung mode 1:


n Mn Hc 2


B/ TNH TON KHONG CCH


n Mn Hc 2


2.3.2 LCD 16X2


n Mn Hc 2


A/ CHC NNG CC CHN


n Mn Hc 2


B/ CC LNH N THANH GHI CA LCD

C/ DNG SNG DIU KHIN LCD

2.4 S NGUYN L


n Mn Hc 2


PHN 3: THIT K V THI CNG26 SVTH: Nguyn ng Thc MSSV: 08101139

n Mn Hc 2


3.1 LU GII THUT3.1.1 LU KHI TO LCD

3.1.2 LU MAIN PROGRAM 27 SVTH: Nguyn ng Thc MSSV: 08101139

n Mn Hc 2



n Mn Hc 2



n Mn Hc 23.2 M NGUN CHNG TRNH 3.2.1 CHNG TRNH CHNH LCD_E LCD_RW LCD_RS LCD_DATA ECHO TRIGGER DEM CHUCDONVI NGANTRAM CHUCNGAN DEMTV CHUKY BL BH BIT BIT BIT P3.0 P3.1 P3.2


EQU P2 BIT BIT P1.0 P1.1

EQU R0 EQU 10H EQU 11H EQU 12H EQU R3 EQU R4 EQU R6 EQU R7

ORG JMP

000H MAIN

ORG INC

000BH DEM


n Mn Hc 2MOV MOV RETI TH0,#HIGH(-232) TL0,#LOW(-232)


MAIN: MOV SETB SETB CALL CALL CALL LB0: MOV SETB CALL CLR TMOD,#01H EA ET0 KTAO_LCD HT_HANG1 HT_HANG2 DEM,#0 TRIGGER DELAY10US TRIGGER

JNB MOV MOV SETB JB CLR

ECHO,$ TH0,#HIGH(-232) TL0,#LOW(-232) TR0 ECHO,$ TR0


n Mn Hc 2CALL MOV MOV CALL CALL CALL JMP CAL_PULSE B,23H A,24H HEXTOBCD BCDTOASCII HT_RESULT LB0


3.2.2 CC CHNG TRNH CON A/ CHNG TRNH CON KHI TO LCD KTAO_LCD: MOV CALL LCD_DATA,#38H GHI_DIEUKHIEN

MOV CALL

LCD_DATA,#38H GHI_DIEUKHIEN

MOV CALL


MOV CALL

LCD_DATA,#0CH GHI_DIEUKHIEN


n Mn Hc 2


MOV CALL


MOV CALL RET


B/ CHNG TRNH CON HEXTOBCD HEXTOBCD: MOV MOV MOV CHUCDONVI,#0 NGANTRAM,#0 CHUCNGAN,#0

MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV

BH,A BL,B 50H,BH 51H,BL DEMTV,#15

HEXTOBCD1: CALL XOAYDULIEU


n Mn Hc 2;KIEM TRA HANG DON VI MOV ANL CJNE JC MOV ADD MOV A,CHUCDONVI A,#0FH A,#5,$+3 HEXTOBCD2 A,CHUCDONVI A,#3 CHUCDONVI,A


;KIEM TRA HANG CHUC HEXTOBCD2: MOV ANL CJNE JC MOV ADD MOV A,CHUCDONVI A,#0F0H A,#50H,$+3 HEXTOBCD3 A,CHUCDONVI A,#30H CHUCDONVI,A

;KIEM TRA HANG TRAM HEXTOBCD3: MOV A,NGANTRAM


n Mn Hc 2ANL CJNE JC MOV ADD MOV A,#0FH A,#5,$+3 HEXTOBCD4 A,NGANTRAM A,#3 NGANTRAM,A


;KIEM TRA HANG NGAN HEXTOBCD4: MOV ANL CJNE JC MOV ADD MOV A,NGANTRAM A,#0F0H A,#50H,$+3 HEXTOBCD5 A,NGANTRAM A,#30H NGANTRAM,A

HEXTOBCD5: DJNZ CALL RET DEMTV,HEXTOBCD1 XOAYDULIEU


n Mn Hc 2XOAYDULIEU: CLR MOV RLC MOV MOV RLC MOV MOV RLC MOV MOV RLC MOV RLC MOV RET C A,BL A BL,A A,BH A BH,A A,CHUCDONVI A CHUCDONVI,A A,NGANTRAM A NGANTRAM,A A CHUCNGAN,A


C/ CHNG TRNH CON BCDTOASCII BCDTOASCII: MOV ANL A,CHUCDONVI A,#0FH


n Mn Hc 2ADD MOV A,#30H 30H,A


MOV ANL SWAP ADD MOV

A,CHUCDONVI A,#0F0H A A,#30H 31H,A

MOV ANL ADD MOV

A,NGANTRAM A,#0FH A,#30H 32H,A

MOV ADD MOV

A,25H A,#30H 33H,A

MOV ADD MOV RET

A,26H A,#30H 34H,A


n Mn Hc 2


D/ CHNG TRNH CON CAL_PULSE CAL_PULSE: MOV SUBB MOV DIV MOV MOV A,TL0 A,#23 B,#58 AB 20H,B 21H,A ; SO DU CUA PHEP CHIA

MOV MOV MUL MOV ADD MOV MOV ADDC MOV MOV MOV DIV

A,DEM B,#4 AB 22H,B A,21H 23H,A A,22H A,#0 24H,A A,20H B,#6 AB ;BYTE CAO CUA KET QUA DO ;BYTE THAP CUA KET QUA DO ;BYTE CAO CUA KET QUA PHEP NHAN


n Mn Hc 2MOV MOV MOV MUL MOV MOV DIV MOV RET 25H,A A,B B,#10 AB A,B B,#6 AB 26H,A


D/ CHNG TRNH CON HIN TH KT QU KCH THC O C HT_RESULT: MOV CALL MOV CALL MOV CALL MOV CALL MOV CALL MOV LCD_DATA,#89H GHI_DIEUKHIEN LCD_DATA,32H GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,31H GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,30H GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,#',' GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,33H


n Mn Hc 2CALL MOV CALL MOV CALL MOV CALL MOV CALL RET GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,34H GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,#' ' GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,#'C' GHI_DATA LCD_DATA,#'M' GHI_DATA


E/ MT S CHNG TRNH CON KHC // CHNG TRNH CON HIN TH HNG TH 1 TRN LCD HT_HANG1: MOV CALL MOV CALL RET // CHNG TRNH CON HIN TH HNG TH 2 TRN LCD HT_HANG2: MOV CALL LCD_DATA,#0C0H GHI_DIEUKHIEN LCD_DATA,#80H GHI_DIEUKHIEN DPTR,#DATAHANG1 WRITE


n Mn Hc 2MOV CALL RET DPTR,#DATAHANG2 WRITE


// CHNG TRNH CON DNG GHI LNH IU KHIN CHO LCD GHI_DIEUKHIEN: CLR CLR SETB NOP NOP CLR CALL RET // CHNG TRNH CON DNG GHI D LIU LN LCD GHI_DATA: SETB CLR SETB NOP NOP CLR CALL LCD_E DELAY10MS LCD_RS LCD_RW LCD_E LCD_E DELAY10MS LCD_RS LCD_RW LCD_E


n Mn Hc 2RET // CHNG TRNH CON WRITE WRITE: MOV MOVC CJNE RET A,#0 A,@A+DPTR A,#99H,WRITE1


WRITE1: MOV CALL INC JMP LCD_DATA,A GHI_DATA DPTR WRITE


n Mn Hc 23.3 M PHNG



n Mn Hc 23.4 MCH IN



n Mn Hc 2


PHN 4: KT LUN1. Thnh qu t c - Mch chy n nh, hin thi khong cch n gi tr nh hn mm. - Bit lp trnh c cc mch c bn ng dng trong thc t. - Nm c nguyn tc hot ng ca mch. 2. Nhc im - Cha xa s 0 v ngha nn nhn hi b ri mt - Khng c nt nhn chuyn t n v ny sang n v khc ( t cm qua m hoc cm qua inch). 3. Hng pht trin Tm hiu thm phn lp trnh hon hin ha cc chc nng nh: xa s khng v ngha, thm chc nng chuyn qua li gia cc n v o v gim thiu sai s o n gi tr nh nht.


n Mn Hc 2


PHN 5: TI LIU THAM KHO1. Gio trnh vi x l 1-Thy Nguyn nh Ph - Trng i hc S Phm K Thut TPHCM. 2. Gio trnh thc tp vi x l-vi iu khin Thy Nguyn nh Ph. 3. Mt s trang web tham kho: http://www.dientuvietnam.net/forums/cam-bien-do-khoang-cach-103/lamsao-rap-cam-bien-sieu-am-srf05-39140/ www.datasheet.com


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