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SUMMARY

ANALISIS RISIKO DALAM SISTEM KERJASAMA BUILD OPERATETRANSFER PADA PEMBANGUNAN TERMINAL TERPADU MERAK KOTA

CILEGON

RISK ANALYSIS OF THE BOT PARTNERSHIP SYSTEMIN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CILEGON-MERAK MULTIPURPOSE

Created by Wardani, Retno D.K.

Subject : Manajemen keuangan

Subject Alt : Risk Assessment , Risk Management

Keyword : : BOT ; analisis risiko ; alokasi risiko ; mitigasi risiko

Description :Salah satu program yang akan diwujudkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Cilegon dalam memenuhi kebutuhan infrastrukturpublik adalah membangun terminal terpadu Merak dengan konsep BOT (Build Operate Tranfer). Lingkup pekerjaanyang akan dikerjasamakan meliputi pembangunan terminal dan pasar grosir yang terletak dalam satu area. Adalah halyang penting untuk mengelola berbagai bentuk risiko yang berkaitan dengan proyek BOT, karena dapat menjadi kuncikesuksesan kerjasama ini.Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi risiko-risiko penting yang akan terjadi dalam sistemkerjasama BOT pada pembangunan terminal terpadu Merak, mendapatkan gambaran tentang strategi mitigasi risikoyang harus dilakukan oleh pihak-pihak yang terkait dan untuk mengetahui alokasi risiko yang dapat diterimaberdasarkan persepsi Swasta dan Pemerintah Kota Cilegon. Alokasi risiko pada proyek BOT berdasarkan pada prinsipbahwa risiko harus dialokasikan pada pihak yang paling mampu untuk menanganinya. Metode analisis yang digunakanadalah perhitungan criticality index, Probability Impact Grid (PIG) dan analisis deskriptif berdasarkan data primermelalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada para pegawai senior dari kalangan pemerintahan maupun swasta, serta dataskunder.Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan, terdapat tujuh risiko yang paling penting pada pembangunan terminal terpaduMerak yaitu : (1) risiko market/ pasar yaitu adanya perbedaan pendapatan riil dengan estimasi pendapatan, (2) ) risikoorganisasi dan koordinasi proyek yang kurang baik, (3) risiko pembengkakan biaya konstruksi karena adanya perubahandesain, (4) risiko inflasi pada fase konstruksi, (5) risiko desain defisiensi sehingga mengakibatkan perubahan desain danRAB, (6) risiko kerusakan pada fasilitas infrastruktur, dan (7) risiko kurang adanya pengalaman pada pola kerjasamaBOT. Skenario pada alokasi risiko adalah risiko (1), (4), (6) dan (7) ditanggung oleh swasta, dan risiko (2), (3) dan (5)ditanggung oleh pemerintah. Sedangkan mitigasi risiko dari ketujuh risiko kritis tersebut meliputi (1) mitigasi risikoyang dilakukan oleh pemerintah, yaitu proteksi investasi sejenis, pelayanan satu atap, seleksi partner yang ketat,memberikan poin penilaian tanbahan kepada swasta dalam pelelangan, menanggung beban bunga bank, penambahanequity sharing dengan perhitungan ulang dalam pembagian keuntungan, membiayai desain ulang yang dilakukan olehswasta, pengawasan ketat pada saat pembangunan; (2) mitigasi risiko yang dilakukan oleh swasta, yaitu menggantistrategi pemasaran, lebih profesional dalam menyiapkan proposal kerjasama, mencari sumber pembiayaan lain, desainulang, pemeliharaan fasilitas secara layak, merekrut tenaga profesional; (3) mitigasi risiko yang dilakukan olehkeduanya, yaitu evaluasi teknis, addendum, menyebutkan persyaratan penanganan dalam kontrak, menguatkankomitmen kedua belah pihak, Change of Contract Order (CCO), dan studi banding.

Description Alt:One of the programs which will be developed by the Local Government of Cilegon in providing public infrastructure isbuilding a terminal in Merak under a BOT (Build Operate Transfer) scheme. Under the system, the project scope will be

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the development of Merak terminal and a trade centre located in one integrated area. It is important to manage themultifaceted risk associated with BOT partnership system, because it can be the key success in the BOT project.The main objectives of this research are to attempt to identify the most critical risks that will be occurring in thedevelopment of Merak BOT terminal project, to obtain risk allocation / sharing preference scenario strategies agreedupon by the private sector as well as by the local government and finally to gain risk mitigation which will be providedby the parties involved. The risk sharing in the BOT project is based on the principle that the risk should be allocated tothe party considered as having the best capability to manage it. The analysis methods used in this research wereCriticality Index, Probability Impact Grid (PIG) and Descriptive Analysis based on primary and secondary data. Riskvariables were derived from deep study of literature and then grouped into four categories i.e., financial risk, politicalrisk, technical risk and force majeure risk. The risk variables were further formulated in the form of questionnaire. Thequestioners were circulated among local senior officers/experts of both parties who have experience in a BOT schemeproject.From the analysis result, seven types of risk have been identified as very critical in the BOT partnership system in thedevelopment of Cilegon-Merak multipurpose terminal. They are (1) market risk, (2) lack of project organization andcoordination risk, (3) construction cost overrun risk due to subsequent modifications to the design, and (4) inflation riskin the construction phase, (5) design deficiency risk which caused changes in design and cost estimate, (6) infrastructuredamage (condition of facility) risk, and (7) lack of project experience risk. The identified risk allocation scenarios are :risks (1),(4),(6) and (7) are allocated to private party and risks (2),(3) and (5) are allocated to public party. Data on riskmitigation have been obtained from an interview, resulting in the following mitigations : (1) mitigation risk by publicparty: protect the private party from similar investment, make one stop service, make a competitive partner selection,give an extra point to private party under the legal tender of the project, responsible for the loan rate, add an equitysharing and recalculate the profit sharing, pay the redesign which is done by private party, supervise the buildingconstruction; (2) mitigation risk by private party: change the marketing strategy, make a professional feasibility study,seek another financier, redesign, make a proper facility maintenance, recruit the professionals worker; (3) mitigation riskby both party : make a technical evaluation, make an addendum, state the mitigation risk in the contract, strengthen thecommitment, make a change of contract order, and last, make a study tour/learn from other similar projects experience.

Contributor : Prof. Dr. Ir. Nadjadji Anwar, MSc. <br> Tri Joko Wahyu Adi, ST., MT.

Date Create : 08/12/2009

Type : Text

Format : pdf.

Language : Indonesian

Identifier : ITS-Master-3100006027478

Collection : 3100006027478

Call Number : RTS 658.155 War a

Source : Master Theses of Civil Engineering, RTS 658.155 War a, 2006

COverage : ITS Community only

Right : Copyright @2006 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and permissionshould be obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in aretrievel system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to ITSLibrary

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Mrs. Ansi M. Putri(ansi@its.ac.id)

Mr. Agus Setiawan (setiawan04@its.ac.id)

Mrs. Dewi Eka Agustina (dee@its.ac.id)

Thank You,

Nur Hasan

ITS Digilib Supervisor

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