documento pacc 1041

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Climate Change Adaptation Programme – PACC

P PERÚC CA

H-10 José Santos Chocano, Santa Mónica, WanchaqPhone: (51)(84)235229 | Fax: (51)(84)232617

Cusco, Peru

857 Ricardo Palma Ave, Miraflores 18, LimaPhone: (51)(1)444-0493

Lima, Peru

e-mail: [email protected]

Special Edition, Dec 2009

Adapting to Climate Change

in the Andes

The Climate Change Adaptation Programme (PACC) is a bilateral initiative of the Peruvian Ministry of Environment and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation implemented by the

Regional Governments of Cusco and Apurimac and facilitated by a consortium led by Intercooperation, Libelula and Predes

P PERÚC CA

Vulnerable Peru

the impact of climate change on the Peruvian economy is estimated to represent losses of $10 000 million annually, equal to 4.4% of the country's production value (Andean Community).

the last 12 agricultural cycles, 80 thousand hectares of potato were lost due to climate change and land degradation, leaving 11 million Peruvians unfed (Ministry of Environment)

tropical glaciers are found in Peru. These are important reserve and source of fresh water. During the last 30-35 years, around 25% of the surface of the glaciers has been lost. 20% of these glaciers are located in the Vilcanota Mountain Range, in the Cusco region

has caused a reduction of fresh water availability in the coastal areas of Peru of 12%. Here 60% of the country's population is located.

By 2025

During

70% of the world's

This glacial retreat

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Huacrahuacho watershed, Cusco

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Area: 20895.8 km2418,882 inh.20 hab/km2Poverty rate: 69.5%

Area: 71986 km21´171,503 inh.16.3 hab/km2Poverty rate: 75.3%

Cusco region

Apurimac region

About PACC

The implementation phase of PACC has a time frame of three years (February 2009-January 2012), in which it will strengthen the capacity of regional and local stakeholders in the Cusco and Apurimac regions to confront the impacts of climate change.

Where is PACC being implemented?

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The specific objective of PACC is to promote the implementation of climate change adaptation strategies and measures by the local population and public and private institutions, as well as to capitalize on knowledge and allow dialogues on public policies at different levels.

Objectives

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Results

Assessment of

vulnerability and

adaptation

conditions to

climate

variabilityin Cusco and

Apurimac

regions,

developed with

the participation

of authorities,

institutions and

affected

population

Public policies at local,

regional and

national

levels.International

negotiation

processes

contain

proposals

generated by

PACC´s

actions.

Adaptation

measures

implemented,

in agreement

with local and

regional

stakeholders.

Regional

information

system for

climate

change

adaptation

in Cusco and

Apurimac

regions.

Result 1 Result 2

Knowing vulnerabilities

Monitorand inform

PACC has four major areas of outputs:

Result 3 Result 4

Learn and to engage in

political dialogueAct

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National - globalAt local and regional level PACC is:

a) Using and applying information on global climate scenarios, b) supporting the country's efforts in international climate change negotiations,c) supporting the development of a national framework for the implementation of a

National Plan of adaptation to Climate Change.

The implementation of this dual dynamic will be fostered through coherence and linkages between local and regional policies and processes, promoted in accordance with the established national policy framework on climate change adaptation. In turn, this policy is expected to incorporate knowledge from local and regional experiences in adapting to climate variability and to climate change.

Mainstreaming in development processes

Strategies and information systems

Pilot experiences

Knowledge generation

Coherenceand policiesarticulation

Use of global science on climate change

Driving a National Adaptation Plan

Engaging in the international process

National/Global

Local / Regional

PACC works at both the local and national level

At local and regional level PACC is:

a) Developing scientific knowledge while revaluing traditional knowledge,

b) promoting local pilot projects on climate change adaptation, c) promoting the formulation of adaptation strategies and their

mainstreaming, as well as instruments for development planning and public investment.

Local - regional

Strategy

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Monitoring the impacts of PACC will take place by comparing progress at three levels with five targets.

Local, regional and national institutions

Capabilities are strengthened and climate change adaptation measures are implemented, contributing to the sustainability of livelihoods.

Prioritise communal actions on adaptation to climate change, and facilitate the engagement of communities in political dialogue with their local authorities.

The competences of political and technical teams have been strengthened in order to promote policies and actions for adaptation to climate change.

Strategies and policies are implemented by local and regional governments and their associations, promoting climate change adaptation.

National public policy on climate change is strengthened, making best use of the knowledge generated locally and regionally.

TargetsLevel of observation

Families in prioritised watersheds

Communities in watersheds

Monitoring

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PACC has 3 different working levels:

PACC works with the Peruvian Ministry of Environment, participating and support-ing the processes and activities of the Ministry's Climate Change, Desertification and Water Resources Department. Furthermore, this office monitors and guides PACC's development.

PACC works with the regional govern-ments of Cusco and Apurimac,who lead its

National

Regional (sub-national)

Working levels

National level

Regional level(sub-national)

Local levelLocal

Governments

Regional Governments

Ministry ofEnvironment

Capacity strengthening to design andimplement climate change strategies

Participation in executing, tracking and monitoring the programme; through its Direction of Climate Change

Lead the regional implementation,supported by PACC, under a model of co-management

Lead the localpilot projects on adaptation to climate change

management of the

PACC – second-tier actor, is facilitating and articulating processes, promoting knowledge exchange.

regional implementation under a model that enhances a shared management and coordination between these regional governments and PACC's Coordination Unit.

With local governments of the prioritised watersheds, who will lead the manage-ment of at least 3 pilot adaptation projects.

PACC is working to facilitate exchanges and knowledge generation between these three levels.

Local

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AGRICULTURE

CLIMATE

WATER

RISKS

CULTURE

ECONOMY

?Climate sensitivity analysis of priority crops for food security.

?Climate change impact assessment on crop productivity.

?Climate characterization and climate change scenarios for 2030 and 2050 in Apurimac y Cusco

?Assessment of current and future water resource availability in main basins

?Assessment of current and future water demand in main basis

?water conflict analysis

?Historical analysis of extreme weather events and impacts.

?Current and future physical territorial sensitivity analysis.

?Analysis of risk from climate hazards to social and economic infrastructure.

?Analysis of the perceptions of rural people in the southern Andes of local effects of climate change and its impact on their lives.

?Recognition (and collection) of traditional adaptation measures.

?Analysis of how traditional knowledge can be better used for climate prediction and participative validation of adaptation measures

?Socio-economic scenarios and economic studies of costs of climate change impacts.

These studies, which are building research for action, take place in various sectors: Research

The research in PACC takes place at two levels: regional (in Apurimac and Cusco) and local (through prioritised watersheds within these regions).

Research is carried out by Peruvian regional (sub-national) and national technical-scientific institutions, which receive support from Swiss scientific entities. The studies cover a wide range of themes linked to the problem of climate change, and will contribute to a better understanding of its impacts on the rural populations of Cusco and Apurimac and their livelihoods.

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Pilot experiences on climate change adaptation

In 2010 PACC will initiate pilot projects on climate change, based on results of vulnerability studies in prioritised watersheds. In Apurimac PACC pilot actions will take place in the Mollebamba basin in the province of Antabamba, and in Cusco will take place in Huacrahuacho basin, located in the province of Canas.

The development strategy for these local adaptation activities has been agreed upon in a highly participative process involving municipal authorities and social based. Such stakeholders will prioritise local adaptation measures, taking into account PACC´s crosscutting themes of water resources, food security and disaster risk reduction. Local adaptation measures will also consider existing knowledge and local expertise in these three areas.

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Despite the fact that the Cusco and Apurimac regions have high poverty, and have suffered extreme weather events that caused serious impacts and large economic losses in the past, it remains a challenge to bring the stakeholders' attention towards existing risks and vulnerabilities considering now future risks with climate change.

PACC supports regional governments of Cusco and Apurimac in integrating their work on adaptation to climate change with existing processes and tools for disaster risk reduction.

In this sense, one of PACC´s implementation strategies is to involve key stakeholders (both public and private) seeking to improve their capacities. This kind of initiatives for adaptation to climate change face a better chance of success. The adaptation activities and local adaptation pilots in the prioritised watersheds will include integrated risk reduction as part of their development process. It is an objective of PACC that in a way that such experience of linking adaptation to climate change with disaster risk reduction can be replicated in a sustainable way.

PACC works together with regional capacities and institutions. Its implementation strategy has a strong basis in ongoing processes and existing institutions. In the case of Disaster Risk Reduction, PACC works with the Peruvian Centre for Studies and Disaster Prevention (PREDES).

Together they support the Regional Government of Cusco in updating the Regional Plans for Disaster Prevention.

Linking adaptation to climate change with disaster risk reduction


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Regionalstudies

LocalstudiesLocal

institutions

InstitutionsTechnical - ScienceNational - Regional

REGIONAL PROCESSPublic awarenessCapacity building ownership

LOCAL PROCESS

Public awarenessCapacity building ownership

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PACC considers how political and participative processes at regional level can incorporate climate change scenarios and adaptation demands. With this in mind two regional Climate Change Technical Groups have been formed in the PACC regions.

These Technical Groups provide a multi-institutional working platform for the development of Regional Climate Change Strategies. Such scheme can be adjusted to local levels (watersheds), in areas where existing discussion platforms are part of their decision making process.

The implementation process and linking results

Regional governments

Local governments

Infotmationsystem

Local roundtableTechnical processesSocial and political agreement

Local strategies and measures

Regional policies and

strategies

Technical processesSocial and political agreement

Regional Technical Groups on climate change