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What is communication?
What do you think communication is?
How would you define it?
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Communication
Communication is defined as theinterchange of thoughts or opinionsthrough shared symbols; e.g. language,words, phrases
It is the process by which people shareideas, experiences, knowledge andfeelings through the transmission ofsymbolic messages.
Some synonyms of the wordcommunication are:message,directive,word, contact, commerce, communion,intercommunication, converse, exchange,
interchange, conversing, discussing,
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The Communication Process
Elements in the Communicationprocess:
1) Sender (Party sending the message).
2) Encoding (the process of putting
thought into symbolic form).
3) Message (the set of symbols {gesture,
facial expression, spoken or written
communication} that the sender
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4) Media (the communication channels
{audio, video, e-mails/letters, etc.}).
5) Decoding* (the process by which the
receiver assigns meaning to the
symbols encoded by the sender).
6) Receiver (the party receiving the
message sent by another party).
7) Response (the reactions of the receiver
after being exposed to the message).
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8) Feedback (the part of the receivers
response communicated back to the
sender).
9) Noise (the unplanned static or
distortion during the communicationprocess that results in the receivers
getting a different message than the
sender sent).
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* Decoding depends on:
- Message as filteredby the receivers
mind, based on his prior experiences,
biases, knowledge, emotions, selective
perceptions and cultural background
and may not interpret the message, inthe same manner, as sent by the sender
and no two receivers have identical
filters.
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Four facets of communication
There are four facets in all types of
communication:
Sender
Receiver
Information
Behaviour
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Information - From advertising campaigns to job
interviews or brochures to newspaper TV listings, its allthe same: someone needs to get a message across tosomeone else.
People Your Target Person/Group (known as Audience)
- Could be your friends, relatives, teachers, staff, yourclients, your mum and dad.
Communicate when/Time - Your understanding of RightTime. Timing is simply picking the best moment to pass
on the message.
Format - Think about who youre passing the messageonto and then ask yourself what is the best way is to tellthem. An email or a letter? Or maybe a short video or
radio ad?
Communication
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How do we communicate?
We communicate and build interpersonalrelationships through:
Speech
WritingListening
Non-verbal language
Music, art, and crafts
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Choosing your medium
Depending upon the situation, onemethod of communication may bebetter than another.
In person: one-to-one
In person: meetings, small groups
In person: presentations, large groups
Letter
MemoNote
Email
Voice mail
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Missed communication
As Purchasingordered it.
As the Art Dept.
designed it.As the Supervisor
implemented it.
As the ManagerRequested it. As Marketingwrote it up.
What the Employee
really wanted!
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Barriers to communication
Many people think that communicating iseasy.
It is after all something we've done all ourlives.
There is some truth in this simplistic view.
Communicating is straightforward.
What makes it complex, difficult, and
frustrating are the barriers we put in theway.
What are barriers to communication that
exist in any work setting?
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Barriers to communication
What are barriers to communication thatexist in any work setting?
Here are the barriers
1. Physical barriers
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Common barriers to interpersonalcommunication include:
Unclear process:
Chain of command
Large size of an organization,geographic distance:
Personal limitations:
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Perceptual barriers
The problem with communicating with others isthat we all see the world differently. If wedidn't, we would have no need to communicate,something like extrasensory perception wouldtake its place.
Additional common barriers to interpersonalcommunication include:
Human nature: Peoples egos, prejudices,and traditions can get in the way
Conflicting feelings, goals, opinions: Ifpeople feel on opposite sides of an issue
they may not sharePower: The idea that knowled e is ower
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One of the chief barriers to open and freecommunications is the emotional barrier. Itmainly comprises of fear, mistrust andsuspicion.
"Don't speak until you're spoken to"; "Children should be seen and not heard".
As a result many people hold back fromcommunicating their thoughts and feelingsto others.
While some caution may be wise in certainrelationships, excessive fear of what othersmight think of us can stunt ourdevelopment as effective communicatorsand our ability to form meaningfulrelationships.
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When we join a group and wish toremain in it, sooner or later we need to
adopt the behaviour patterns ofthe group. These are the behavioursthat the group accept as signs ofbelonging.
The group rewards such behaviourthrough acts of recognition, approval
and inclusion.
Where, however, there are barriers to
your membership of a group, a high-
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Language that describes what we wantto say in our terms may present barriers
to others who are not familiar with ourexpressions, buzz-words and jargon.
When we couch our communication insuch language, it is a way of excludingothers.
In a global market place the greatestcompliment we can pay another personis to talk in their language.
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A woman speaks between 22,000 and
25,000 words a day whereas a manspeaks between 7,000 and 10,000.
This means that a man talks in a linear,logical and compartmentalized way,
features of left-brain thinking; whereas a
woman talks more freely mixing logicand emotion, features of both sides of
the brain. It also explains why women
talk for much longer than men each day.
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Para verbal communication refers to the
messages that we transmit through thetone, pitch, and pacing of our voices. It
is how we say something, not what we
say.
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Some points to remember about ourparaverbal communication:
When we are angry or excited, our speechtends to become more rapid and higherpitched.
When we are bored or feeling down, ourspeech tends to slow and take on amonotone quality.
When we are feeling defensive, our speechis often abrupt.
Paraverbal Messages: 1. Account for about 38% of what
isperceived and understood by others. 2. Include the tone, pitch, and pacing
ofour voice
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The Impo rtance of Consistency In all of our communications we want to
strive to send consistent verbal,paraverbal and nonverbal messages.
When our messages are inconsistent,the listener may become confused.