1. what is communication

8/22/2019 1. What is Communication

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What is communication?

What do you think communication is?

How would you define it?


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Communication

Communication is defined as theinterchange of thoughts or opinionsthrough shared symbols; e.g. language,words, phrases

It is the process by which people shareideas, experiences, knowledge andfeelings through the transmission ofsymbolic messages.

Some synonyms of the wordcommunication are:message,directive,word, contact, commerce, communion,intercommunication, converse, exchange,

interchange, conversing, discussing,


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The Communication Process

Elements in the Communicationprocess:

1) Sender (Party sending the message).

2) Encoding (the process of putting

thought into symbolic form).

3) Message (the set of symbols {gesture,

facial expression, spoken or written

communication} that the sender


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4) Media (the communication channels

{audio, video, e-mails/letters, etc.}).

5) Decoding* (the process by which the

receiver assigns meaning to the

symbols encoded by the sender).

6) Receiver (the party receiving the

message sent by another party).

7) Response (the reactions of the receiver

after being exposed to the message).


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8) Feedback (the part of the receivers

response communicated back to the

sender).

9) Noise (the unplanned static or

distortion during the communicationprocess that results in the receivers

getting a different message than the

sender sent).


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* Decoding depends on:

- Message as filteredby the receivers

mind, based on his prior experiences,

biases, knowledge, emotions, selective

perceptions and cultural background

and may not interpret the message, inthe same manner, as sent by the sender

and no two receivers have identical

filters.


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Four facets of communication

There are four facets in all types of

communication:

Sender

Receiver

Information

Behaviour


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Information - From advertising campaigns to job

interviews or brochures to newspaper TV listings, its allthe same: someone needs to get a message across tosomeone else.

People Your Target Person/Group (known as Audience)

- Could be your friends, relatives, teachers, staff, yourclients, your mum and dad.

Communicate when/Time - Your understanding of RightTime. Timing is simply picking the best moment to pass

on the message.

Format - Think about who youre passing the messageonto and then ask yourself what is the best way is to tellthem. An email or a letter? Or maybe a short video or

radio ad?

Communication


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How do we communicate?

We communicate and build interpersonalrelationships through:

Speech

WritingListening

Non-verbal language

Music, art, and crafts


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Choosing your medium

Depending upon the situation, onemethod of communication may bebetter than another.

In person: one-to-one

In person: meetings, small groups

In person: presentations, large groups

Letter

MemoNote

Email

Voice mail


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Missed communication

As Purchasingordered it.

As the Art Dept.

designed it.As the Supervisor

implemented it.

As the ManagerRequested it. As Marketingwrote it up.

What the Employee

really wanted!


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Barriers to communication

Many people think that communicating iseasy.

It is after all something we've done all ourlives.

There is some truth in this simplistic view.

Communicating is straightforward.

What makes it complex, difficult, and

frustrating are the barriers we put in theway.

What are barriers to communication that

exist in any work setting?


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Barriers to communication

What are barriers to communication thatexist in any work setting?

Here are the barriers

1. Physical barriers


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Common barriers to interpersonalcommunication include:

Unclear process:

Chain of command

Large size of an organization,geographic distance:

Personal limitations:


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Perceptual barriers

The problem with communicating with others isthat we all see the world differently. If wedidn't, we would have no need to communicate,something like extrasensory perception wouldtake its place.

Additional common barriers to interpersonalcommunication include:

Human nature: Peoples egos, prejudices,and traditions can get in the way

Conflicting feelings, goals, opinions: Ifpeople feel on opposite sides of an issue

they may not sharePower: The idea that knowled e is ower


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One of the chief barriers to open and freecommunications is the emotional barrier. Itmainly comprises of fear, mistrust andsuspicion.

"Don't speak until you're spoken to"; "Children should be seen and not heard".

As a result many people hold back fromcommunicating their thoughts and feelingsto others.

While some caution may be wise in certainrelationships, excessive fear of what othersmight think of us can stunt ourdevelopment as effective communicatorsand our ability to form meaningfulrelationships.


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When we join a group and wish toremain in it, sooner or later we need to

adopt the behaviour patterns ofthe group. These are the behavioursthat the group accept as signs ofbelonging.

The group rewards such behaviourthrough acts of recognition, approval

and inclusion.

Where, however, there are barriers to

your membership of a group, a high-


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Language that describes what we wantto say in our terms may present barriers

to others who are not familiar with ourexpressions, buzz-words and jargon.

When we couch our communication insuch language, it is a way of excludingothers.

In a global market place the greatestcompliment we can pay another personis to talk in their language.


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A woman speaks between 22,000 and

25,000 words a day whereas a manspeaks between 7,000 and 10,000.

This means that a man talks in a linear,logical and compartmentalized way,

features of left-brain thinking; whereas a

woman talks more freely mixing logicand emotion, features of both sides of

the brain. It also explains why women

talk for much longer than men each day.


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Para verbal communication refers to the

messages that we transmit through thetone, pitch, and pacing of our voices. It

is how we say something, not what we

say.


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Some points to remember about ourparaverbal communication:

When we are angry or excited, our speechtends to become more rapid and higherpitched.

When we are bored or feeling down, ourspeech tends to slow and take on amonotone quality.

When we are feeling defensive, our speechis often abrupt.

Paraverbal Messages: 1. Account for about 38% of what

isperceived and understood by others. 2. Include the tone, pitch, and pacing

ofour voice


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The Impo rtance of Consistency In all of our communications we want to

strive to send consistent verbal,paraverbal and nonverbal messages.

When our messages are inconsistent,the listener may become confused.

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