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Adaptations for Movement
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What is Adaptation?
“...the way in which a species becomes better suited to living in its environment.”
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Movement
• There are many different methods of movement• Different habitats present different problems to
movement that need to be overcome• Specialists vs. Generalists
...cumbersome on landGood in water...
Leopard seal – aquatic specialist
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Why move?
Radiated tortoises mating
American pika collecting food Common warthog fleeing from cheetah
Grass snake hatchlings dispersing
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Rainforest
Open grassland
Woodland
River
Ocean
Desert
Polar Which habitat?Mountains
Snow leopard
Nile crocodile
Bornean orangutan
Red squirrel
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Snow leopard
Nile crocodile
Bornean orangutan
Red squirrel
How are they adapted to move in their habitat?
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• Things to think about:
• Speed vs. agility– Move to catch prey or to escape predators– Land may be open or have obstacles such as trees
• Moving over different substrates e.g. sand, snow, mud
Adaptations to moving on land
Movement on Land
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• Open plains specialist
• Adapted for speed
Cheetah
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Spanish ibex
• Rocky habitat specialist
• Adapted for agility
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Polar bear
• Habitat generalist – can move over land and in water• Adapted to polar habitat
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Leopard slugSidewinder
• Movement without limbs
• Adapted to overcome friction
Legless movement
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Adaptations to arboreal movement
Things to think about:
• Forested areas may not be continuous• Moving from one tree to another • Balance and grip
Arboreal Movement
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• Fossa
• Habitat generalist – can move quickly through trees as well as on the ground
• Adapted to jump between branches
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White-handed gibbon
• Master of agility
• Adapted to swing between branches
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Sugar glider
• Arboreal specialist
• Adapted to glide between trees
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Adaptations to aquatic movement
• Things to think about:
• Friction – causing drag• Buoyancy – saline vs. freshwater• Currents and tides
Aquatic Movement
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Great white shark
• Aquatic specialist
• Adapted for speed
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Spotted handfish
• Aquatic specialist• Two different methods of moving through water
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Adaptations to aerial movement
• Things to think about:
• Overcoming friction• Use of air currents• Hot air vs. cold air
Aerial Movement
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• Common swift Peregrine falcon
• Aerodynamic body shape
• Adapted for speed
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California condor
• Aerial movement using thermals
• Adapted for gliding
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- You will be given an ‘Adaptations for Movement’ worksheet.
- Write in the adaptations that each species has for moving through its natural habitat.
Once you have finished the worksheet, you can begin your ‘Wild Journey’
• Get into groups of 5 or less
• Each group will need:
• 1x Wild Journey board game
• 5x Species characters - use as your playing pieces on the board
• 5x Species fact files - explains how your particular species is
adapted to moving through its natural habitat
• 1x Rules sheet - read before beginning the game
Wild Journey
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SpeciesHabitat
Natural Least suitable
Cheetah African savannah Polar
White-handed gibbon
Rainforest African savannah
Polar bear Polar Rainforest
Sidewinder Desert Rocky cliffs
Spanish ibex Rocky cliffs Desert
• If you land on your natural habitat square: roll the dice again.
• If you land on your least suitable habitat square: miss a go!