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InfralineEnerg
STRATIGRAPHIC TRAP SYSTEM
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g
--2-- Stratigraphic Trap
Petroleum System Components
Source RockSource of hydrocarbonrich of
organic materials
Reservoir Rockplace of hydrocarbon to migrates
and accumulatedporous and permeable Seal RockFluid Insulatorimpermeable
Trapprevent hydrocarbon escape due to migration
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Types of Petroleum Trap
Structural Trap
Stratigraphic Trap
Hydrodynamics Trap Combination Trap
Stratigraphic Trap--3--
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Stratigraphic Traps
The term stratigraphy basically means the
study of rocks strata and their variations.
Stratigraphic traps occurs when the
hydrocarbon accumulated due to the change
of rock characteristic rather than faulting or
folding.
Stratigraphic Trap--4--
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TYPES OF STRATIGRAPHIC
TRAP :
Pinch out trap
Unconformity trap
Reef trap
Stratigraphic Trap--5--
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Pinch Outs
In a typical coastal plain, the sediments are deposited with a
slight dip down into the basin (ocean).
A sandstone pinch-out or wedge in a shale layer will trap any
petroleum rising up the dip of the sandstone in a landward
direction
An up-dip plug may block the upward flow of petroleum in an
otherwise excellent reservoir rock. The plug is formed when
impermeable muds are deposited in channels cut through a
lower reservoir layer, forming a barrier or dam.
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Unconformity Trap
An unconformity is a break in the depositional sequence of
rocks.
If the underlying beds were tilted, eroded, and then covered
with flat-lying impermeable rocks, then oil and gas may be
trapped at the unconformity.
The reservoir may be capped by almost any fine grained
sedimentary rock type, but commonly by shale or evaporates
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Oil and gas
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Reef
Reef have vital characteristics to be petroleum trap:
They have great porosity excellent reservoir
They are commonly very well sealed.
As the reef is buried in the subsurface and a greater thickness
of loose sediments is deposited on the sides and on the top of
the reefSediment Compacted
More compaction occurs in the thicker sediments along the
flank of the reef, a broad anticline forms in the sediments over
the reef Reeftrap formed
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Stratigraphic Trap--12--
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Environment
Fluvial Environment
Stratigraphic Trap--13--Braided Stream
Meandering Stream
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Environment
Fluvial Environment (Meandering Stream)
Stratigraphic Trap--14--
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Environment
Transitional Environment
Stratigraphic Trap--15--
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Environment
Coastal Reef Environment
Stratigraphic Trap--16--
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Reserve and Potentials in Indonesia
Proven Reserve
Peciko Field, Mahakam Delta
Widuri Field, SE Sumatera Basin
Belida Field, West Natuna Basin
Kurau Field, Malacca Strait
Kasim Jaya Field, Salawati Basin, Papua
Potential Field
Ancient Bengawan Solo Channel
Bengawan Solo Delta
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Mahakam
Delta
3 D-Seismic Model ofFluvial Meandering,Natuna
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Bengawan
Solo Delta
Ancient Bengawan
Solo Channel
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Challenge
Commonly, stratigraphic trap have indistinct
border than structural trap on seismic
profileNeed a special expertise to identify
Need a special technique and higher
technology to exploreHigher Cost
Economic Value due to capacity constrains
Some stratigraphic trap have a smaller
localities than structural trap
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References
Allen, et all. 2006. The Deliberate Search for the
Stratigraphic Trap. London: The Geological Society
Special Publication
Plummer, Mc Geary, Carlson. 1999. Physical Geology.New York: McGraw-Hill Companies
Koesoemadinata, RM. 1987. Geologi Minyak dan Gas
Bumi. Bandung: Penerbit ITB
https://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/resources/oilfiel
d_review/ors97/win97/traps.pdf
http://pages.geo.wvu.edu/~jtoro/petroleum/17_stra
t traps.pdf
https://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/resources/oilfield_review/ors97/win97/traps.pdfhttps://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/resources/oilfield_review/ors97/win97/traps.pdfhttp://pages.geo.wvu.edu/~jtoro/petroleum/17_strat_traps.pdfhttp://pages.geo.wvu.edu/~jtoro/petroleum/17_strat_traps.pdfhttp://pages.geo.wvu.edu/~jtoro/petroleum/17_strat_traps.pdfhttp://pages.geo.wvu.edu/~jtoro/petroleum/17_strat_traps.pdfhttps://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/resources/oilfield_review/ors97/win97/traps.pdfhttps://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/resources/oilfield_review/ors97/win97/traps.pdf