Coordination and the adaptation of communities

at the downstream of Nam Lik 1-2 dam

Assoc. Prof. Damdouane Khouangvichit Mr. Souvannahong ladtanaphim

Phnom Penh

21-23 October 2015

Key message

Women’s adaptability is strengthened when they

receive institutional support to apply their knowledge to improve their livelihoods

q  Main investors in hydropower development are from foreign countries :

1.            The  problem  of  providing  informa4on,                              2.              consulta4on,                                3.              communica4on  with  stakeholders    

 4.        Gender  are  not  always  incorpora4ng  in  the  project       � Communities at the downstream are not always considered:

Not sudden but chronological impacted

Arguments  

Two villages : B. Khone leuang: 215 HH B. Sammeuan : 101 HH

source: Australian centre for international agriculture research: Change and adaptation in smallholder fisheries livelihoods in Lao PDRD:2013.

Research site

Feuang District , Vientiane Province

Research methodology ! Quantitative :

q Unit of analysis: Household q Sample: 173 household q Tools : Questionnaires

" Qualitative q In-depth interview the key person q Group discussion : gender, age: elderly

and youth q  Duration of interview : not lest than 2 hours

# Forum with villagers and stakeholders

Relation committee

Villagers

u Stakeholders and coordination system Main findings :

No. Organiza+on  propose  to Percentage   Number

1 village  authority 75.3 70

2 District    governor 5.4 5 3 CWE 1.1 1

4 village  authority  &District    governor 18.3 17

Total 100 93

Development of infrastructure and

communication system

Access to market

new job opportunities

Extension of social and economic

network

Enhancing women in social & economic sphere

v. Advantages

$Bad smell from water

$Water Pollution

$Decrease of water at the downstream

Challenges

§  Right in accessing and Sharing benefits:

- Agricultural land used

- Forests

- Fishing

§  Social and Cultural change

- Rituals change( Pimay Lao)

- Family relation

§  Sources of food:

- Fishing source

- Natural resources

/ land for cultivation No Fishing problems Percentage N

1 Decrease of fish population 45.7 53

2 Fishing area far rom living place 12.9 15

3 Rule from concession company, decrease number of fish, Fishing area far rom living place 35.34 41

4 No any problem 6.0 7

Total 100 116

Adaptation  to  new  social    and  physical  environment    

Name  of  Village  Place  of  work  (Hubchang)

N In  village Neighbors in  the  city

Another  province

Many  places  

KhoneLeuang 27.9% 4.4% 14.7% 45.6% 7.4% 68 Sammeuan 17.1% 5.7% 17.1% 51.4% 8.6% 35 Total 24.3% 4.9% 15.5% 47.6% 7.8% 103

Name  of  Village Type  of  work

N Agriculture  work

Construc4on  worker Factory  worker Many  types

KhoneLeuang 20.6% 41.2% 19.1% 19.1% 68 Sammeuan 11.4% 62.9% 17.1% 8.6% 35 Total 17.5% 48.5% 18.4% 15.5% 103

Income from weaving compare to family income

No Ratio ເປ#ເຊ%ນ ຈ(ນວນ 1 Cover 1/4 30.7 43 2 Cover 2/4 47.1 66

3 Cover 3/4 14.3 20

4 > 3/4 4.3 6

5 Could not calculate 3.6 5

Total 100 140

2. Weaving 140 hh = 80.9 % (women)

Route  for  selling  weaving    product  

Local Knowledge

Institutions: Government , CSO, academic institutions and Process : sustainability?

Changing of social and physical

environment

Adaptation

Questions to be addressed

1. How to Set up concrete strategies for helping women to be more involved in communities’ work and coordination mechanism?

2. What can we do to strengthen institutional coordination , “Strong pillars” to ensure sustainability of livelihoods strategies?”

Thank    you  for  your  attention