Download - Alcoholism-SOC 473
Instructor – Prof. Munmun Jha
Presentation by - Arpit Indora - Kanish Manuja - Rishabh Maheshwari - Vijaypal Singh Negi
INDIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURESOC 473
ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM AND ITS ABUSE
C2-H5-OH (Ethyl Alcohol)Depressant drug-slows mindAlcoholic Beverages
Alcohol Production includes -Fermentation -Brewing -DistillationIt has been a big industry in India and all over the
World.In South East Asia, India is the largest producer and importer of Liquor.
ALCOHOL
CuriosityPeer pressureSocialize Family TraditionAfter That to celebrate, relieve stress , relax
and escape the problems and the real world. Then the drinker starts to like the taste and the
after effects of getting “high”.Easy access (often at home) and Absence of
religious attachment can turn a man into an addict.
Why a person starts drinking?
BODY WEIGHTTHOUGHTS and EXPECTATIONS AMOUNT of alcohol consumed
Three factors that influence how alcohol affects people
Alcoholism (alcohol dependence) - means compulsive and uncontrolled consumption of alcohol, usually to the detriment of the drinker's health, personal relationships, and social standing.
People suffering from alcoholism are often called "alcoholics“.
WHO estimates that there are 140 million people with alcoholism worldwide.
“Dual disease“-Biological and mental. Biological causes unknown & Mental include
Social environment, stress, mental health, family history etc.
ALCOHOLISM AND IT’S ABUSE
Alcohol abuse is a psychiatric diagnosis of Alcoholism.
Binge drinking(more than 5 drinks) is another form of alcohol abuse
It is the heavy episodic drinking popular in college campuses nowadays.
Abuses of alcohol include violence, injuries, unprotected sexual activities ,one night stands, social and financial crisis.
ALCOHOLISM AND IT’S ABUSE
An alcohol abuser is different from an alcoholic An alcohol abuser still has some ability to set a limit on their drinking. However, an alcohol abuser tend to be self-destructive and sometimes led to home violence or crimes due to the use of alcohol.
ACUTE- Physical performance gets impairedHallucinationsThirstBlackoutsPoor Sexual PerformanceHANGOVER(happens when alcohol leaves the system)-It includes headaches, fatigue, Nausea, dehydration-there is no cure or short cut of getting rid of it.ALCOHOL POISONING(hospitalization)
Physical effects of Alcohol Use
CHRONIC-Tolerance DevelopsThinking skills get impairedOrgans get damaged. Cirrhosis of liver, Brain damage, Delirium can lead to death.Tremens(hallucinations when alcoholic stops drinking) .Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases(Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, Hypertension)
Physical effects of Alcohol Use
Increased risk of cancer:(liver, stomach, colon,
pancreas, breast, mouth, throat)Reproductive problemsFetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Growth retardation Facial malformations Small head Greatly reduce intelligence
Physical effects of Alcohol Use
Effects of Prenatal Alcohol on fetus.
Effects of Prenatal Alcohol
Contributes to 50% of all motor vehicle fatalities
Contributes to unsafe sex and increased risk of AIDS
Contributes to risky behavior and accidental death
Domestic Violence
Behavioral Consequences of Alcohol Use
Alcohol permanently destroys brain cells. TRUE it happens every time you drink.
Teens have more effect of alcohol on them TRUE,
They have a smaller body and less body mass.Less psychological ToleranceTeens nowadays are under a lot of stress(both
academic and relationship wise)Liver is not mature enough to oxidise alcohol
quickly
TRUE OR FALSE
Patterns of consumption vary.
Kerala, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh Chhattisgarh , Goa and the North-Eastern States have a much higher proportion of alcohol consumption.
Women tend to drink more in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim (the North-east) Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh than their counterparts in the rest of the country
ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA
62.5 million alcohol users estimated in IndiaPer capita consumption of alcohol increased
by 106.7% over the 15-year period from 1970 to 1996.
About 80% of alcohol consumption is in the form of hard liquor or distilled spirits(High Conc. Drinks).
The mean age of initiation of alcohol use has decreased from 23.36 years in 1950 to 1960 to 19.45 year in 1980 to 1990.India has been identified as the potentially
third largest market for alcoholic beverages in the world.
ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA
Studies by Alcohol & Drug Information Centre (ADIC) show
alarming increase in alcohol consumption among adolescents and youth during the last 20 years.
The average age of initiation to alcohol in Kerala which was 19 years in 1986 has come down to 14 years in 2006.
The study of National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences shows that 20 per cent of women reported domestic violence due to husband’s drinking habits.
Another study by ADIC(India) reveals that 40% of the Road accidents were alcohol related.
ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA
Indian Alcohol Policy Alliance (IAPA) is a registered NGO started in 2004 to prevent alcohol related harm through policy intervention, advocacy and capacity building.
Development of alcohol policy that addresses issues related to alcohol taxation, rules on age restrictions, drinking and driving laws and advertising
Public awareness, costs of alcohol use and advocacy efforts to reduce harmful impact of alcohol.
ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA
The ideal approach to treatment is to help the person realize how much their alcohol use is harming their life and those around them.
Alcohol recovery or support programs can help you stop drinking completely. These programs usually offer: Counselling and therapy , Mental health support and Medical care.
Support Groups are available to help people who are dealing with alcoholism and offer emotional support.
TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLISM
The American Medical Association(AMA) stated that alcoholism is a chronic, life-long disease, such as diabetes.
Genes play a large role in the development of alcoholism. However not necessary to develop alcoholism. Similarly, not everyone with a genetic predisposition develops Alcoholism.
Current evidence indicates that in both men and women, alcoholism is 50-60% genetically determined, leaving 40-50% for environmental and other influences.
Some critics of the disease model argue alcoholism as a choice, not a disease. The disease concept gives the substance abuser an excuse. A disease cannot be cured by force of will but alcoholism cab be.
Is Alcoholism a disease?
The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism recommends:
Women should not drink more than 1 drink per day
Men should not drink more than 2 drinks per day
One drink is defined as 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1½ ounces of spirits.
PREVENTIONS
Limit number of drinksDrink less than 1 per 90 min.Sip slowlyEat lots of protein/starchAvoid carbonated drinksMeasure drinks carefullyDon't drive if intoxicatedDon’t drink if pregnant
Steps to Being a Responsible Drinker
It’s not the drinking that is to
be blamed, but the excess.
IT’S ONES OWN CHOICE
ANY RESERVATIONS OR QUESTIONS ?