Instructor – Prof. Munmun Jha

Presentation by - Arpit Indora - Kanish Manuja - Rishabh Maheshwari - Vijaypal Singh Negi

INDIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURESOC 473

ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM AND ITS ABUSE

C2-H5-OH (Ethyl Alcohol)Depressant drug-slows mindAlcoholic Beverages

Alcohol Production includes -Fermentation -Brewing -DistillationIt has been a big industry in India and all over the

World.In South East Asia, India is the largest producer and importer of Liquor.

ALCOHOL

CuriosityPeer pressureSocialize Family TraditionAfter That to celebrate, relieve stress , relax

and escape the problems and the real world. Then the drinker starts to like the taste and the

after effects of getting “high”.Easy access (often at home) and Absence of

religious attachment can turn a man into an addict.

Why a person starts drinking?

BODY WEIGHTTHOUGHTS and EXPECTATIONS AMOUNT of alcohol consumed

Three factors that influence how alcohol affects people

Alcoholism (alcohol dependence) - means compulsive and uncontrolled consumption of alcohol, usually to the detriment of the drinker's health, personal relationships, and social standing.

 People suffering from alcoholism are often called "alcoholics“.

WHO estimates that there are 140 million people with alcoholism worldwide.

“Dual disease“-Biological and mental.  Biological causes unknown & Mental include

Social environment, stress, mental health, family history etc.

ALCOHOLISM AND IT’S ABUSE

Alcohol abuse  is a psychiatric diagnosis of Alcoholism.

 Binge drinking(more than 5 drinks) is another form of alcohol abuse

It is the heavy episodic drinking popular in college campuses nowadays.

Abuses of alcohol include  violence, injuries, unprotected sexual activities ,one night stands, social and financial crisis.

ALCOHOLISM AND IT’S ABUSE

An alcohol abuser is different from an alcoholic An alcohol abuser still has some ability to set a limit on their drinking. However, an alcohol abuser tend to be self-destructive and sometimes led to home violence or crimes due to the use of alcohol.

ACUTE- Physical performance gets impairedHallucinationsThirstBlackoutsPoor Sexual PerformanceHANGOVER(happens when alcohol leaves the system)-It includes headaches, fatigue, Nausea, dehydration-there is no cure or short cut of getting rid of it.ALCOHOL POISONING(hospitalization)

Physical effects of Alcohol Use

CHRONIC-Tolerance DevelopsThinking skills get impairedOrgans get damaged. Cirrhosis of liver, Brain damage, Delirium can lead to death.Tremens(hallucinations when alcoholic stops drinking) .Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases(Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, Hypertension)

Physical effects of Alcohol Use

Increased risk of cancer:(liver, stomach, colon,

pancreas, breast, mouth, throat)Reproductive problemsFetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Growth retardation Facial malformations Small head Greatly reduce intelligence

Physical effects of Alcohol Use

Effects of Prenatal Alcohol on fetus.

Effects of Prenatal Alcohol

Contributes to 50% of all motor vehicle fatalities

Contributes to unsafe sex and increased risk of AIDS

Contributes to risky behavior and accidental death

Domestic Violence

Behavioral Consequences of Alcohol Use

Alcohol permanently destroys brain cells. TRUE it happens every time you drink.

Teens have more effect of alcohol on them TRUE,

They have a smaller body and less body mass.Less psychological ToleranceTeens nowadays are under a lot of stress(both

academic and relationship wise)Liver is not mature enough to oxidise alcohol

quickly

TRUE OR FALSE

Patterns of consumption vary.

Kerala, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh Chhattisgarh , Goa and the North-Eastern States have a much higher proportion of alcohol consumption.

Women tend to drink more in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim (the North-east) Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh than their counterparts in the rest of the country

ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA

62.5 million alcohol users estimated in IndiaPer capita consumption of alcohol increased

by 106.7% over the 15-year period from 1970 to 1996.

About 80% of alcohol consumption is in the form of hard liquor or distilled spirits(High Conc. Drinks).

The mean age of initiation of alcohol use has decreased from 23.36 years in 1950 to 1960 to 19.45 year in 1980 to 1990.India has been identified as the potentially

third largest market for alcoholic beverages in the world.

ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA

Studies by Alcohol & Drug Information Centre (ADIC) show

alarming increase in alcohol consumption among adolescents and youth during the last 20 years.

The average age of initiation to alcohol in Kerala which was 19 years in 1986 has come down to 14 years in 2006.

The study of National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences shows that 20 per cent of women reported domestic violence due to husband’s drinking habits.

Another study by ADIC(India) reveals that 40% of the Road accidents were alcohol related.

ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA

Indian Alcohol Policy Alliance (IAPA) is a registered NGO started in 2004 to prevent alcohol related harm through policy intervention, advocacy and capacity building.

Development of alcohol policy that addresses issues related to alcohol taxation, rules on age restrictions, drinking and driving laws and advertising

Public awareness, costs of alcohol use and advocacy efforts to reduce harmful impact of alcohol.

ALCOHOLISM AND INDIA

The ideal approach to treatment is to help the person realize how much their alcohol use is harming their life and those around them.

Alcohol recovery or support programs can help you stop drinking completely. These programs usually offer: Counselling and therapy , Mental health support and Medical care.

Support Groups are available to help people who are dealing with alcoholism and offer emotional support. 

TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLISM

The American Medical Association(AMA) stated that alcoholism is a chronic, life-long disease, such as diabetes.

Genes play a large role in the development of alcoholism. However not necessary to develop alcoholism. Similarly, not everyone with a genetic predisposition develops Alcoholism.

Current evidence indicates that in both men and women, alcoholism is 50-60% genetically determined, leaving 40-50% for environmental and other influences.

Some critics of the disease model argue alcoholism as a choice, not a disease. The disease concept gives the substance abuser an excuse. A disease cannot be cured by force of will but alcoholism cab be.

Is Alcoholism a disease?

The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism recommends:

Women should not drink more than 1 drink per day

Men should not drink more than 2 drinks per day

One drink is defined as 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1½ ounces of spirits.

PREVENTIONS

Limit number of drinksDrink less than 1 per 90 min.Sip slowlyEat lots of protein/starchAvoid carbonated drinksMeasure drinks carefullyDon't drive if intoxicatedDon’t drink if pregnant

Steps to Being a Responsible Drinker

It’s not the drinking that is to

be blamed, but the excess.

IT’S ONES OWN CHOICE

ANY RESERVATIONS OR QUESTIONS ?