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Benchmarking Study on
Infrastructure Projects and
Design for Safety in Singapore
新加坡基建工程及設計安全標準借鑑考察
LAM King-chi, Stephen
Senior Architect/43
Housing Department
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I Overview and Examples of Design for Safety in Singapore II Sharing of Infrastructure Projects
Scope of Presentation
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•
Overview - Workplace Safety & Health(WSH) in Singapore Three Main Organizations
Occupational Safety & Health Division
Workplace Safety & Health Council
Workplace Safety & Health Institute
REGULATOR
(Government)
Legislation,
Policies,
Compliance
Assistance &
Enforcement
INDUSTRY
PARTNER (Members from
Industry Sectors)
Educating & Engaging
Stakeholders,
Promoting WSH
THINK TANK
Providing
professional Insights
and Innovation
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Workplace Safety & Health (WSH) Framework in Singapore
– 3 Key Principles
1. Reduce Risk at Source
2. Greater Industry Ownership
3. Penalties for Poor Safety Management
Overview
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To (New Mindset)
Reduce risks at source Managing risks Identifying and eliminating risks
before they are created
Prevent accidents through higher
penalties for poor OSH management
Accidents are
costly
Poor safety and health
management is costlier
Greater industry ownership of WSH
outcomes
Doing only
what the Law say
Proactive planning to achieve a
safe and healthy workplace
From (Old Mindset) Principles
WSH Professionals Employees Employer Associations &
Unions Education
Institutions
Government
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Enforcement of WSH in Singapore • Risk Management System • bizSAFE programme • CultureSAFE • Construction Safety Audit Scoring System (ConSASS) • Technology to facilitate inspection • Penalties • Design for Safety
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Design for Safety (DFS) in Singapore
• Principles and Enforcement of DFS
Potential safety and health hazards associated with the
construction and maintenance of buildings and
structures can be reduced at the design stage. The
Guidelines on Design for Safety (DFS) in Buildings and
Structures are launched in November 2008.
Safe-access, safe-maintenance and work-at-height
issues should be addressed during the planning and
design stages
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Principles and Enforcement of DFS
© 2014 Government of Singapore 24
Ensure DfS Review Process
is implemented Plan, monitor & manage
the pre-const. phase
Prepare & update the
DfS Register
DfS Register
Provide pre-construction
information
Allocate sufficient time &
resources Hire competent personnel
DFS Regs: Duties of Developers
To ensure
implementation of DFS
elements, Developer
should accompany
competent personnel
(Designer, Contractor)
to prepare and update
the DFS Register
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Examples of DFS
for maintenance of windows and claddings
• Gondola System
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Examples of DFS
for maintenance of building services (lights, speakers etc.)
• Maintenance Platform
Maintenance Platform
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Examples of DFS
Permanent maintenance platform moving along with guide rail
• Permanent Maintenance Systems Provided for maintenance of glass walls
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Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
The diverse range of skyrise greenery situations
created exciting spatial configurations, qualities,
as well as challenging safe-access and safe-
maintenance issues.
Green Walls are very Common Features in Singapore
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Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
Singapore Management University (SMU)
Poor access to the planters for maintenance. There is a door that swings outward, permitting cumbersome access. Ideally, worker must be able to secure restraint belt (and other relevant PPE) while from a safe location, before accessing the relevant work surface.
Access door
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Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
• Effective long term maintenance
• No need for scaffolding during maintenance
• Enhanced safety with no need to work at height
Safe Maintenance Platforms are provided behind vertical greenery for
safe-access and safe-maintenance.
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Vertical Greenery Systems – 3 Examples of Safe Maintenance
Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
Carrier Systems Planter Systems Climber Systems
Roller/
Swing
Green
Panels
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Green wall
module
Knob for
rotating green
wall during
maintenance
• Roller Joint Type Greenary
Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
Roller joint
Supporting
steel frame
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16 National University Hospital (NUH) Administrative Block
The green wall modules can be accessed for maintenance along the service corridor behind the green wall. The irrigation pipes have to be slightly longer to allow for the green wall modules to swing open.
Greenary
Irrigation pipe Green wall module
• Swing Type Green Wall
Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
hinge
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Planting on beams
158 Cecil Street
158 Cecil Street Office building
• Maintenance Access for green features
Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
Interior green walls at Commercial Lobby
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Railing Design Example for Roof Edge Planting
Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
Unsafe to reach
Greenery blocked
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Greenery Zoning
• Different height of greening from roof edge for
safe maintenance
Examples of DFS - Skyrise Greenery Safe Design
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Sharing of Infrastructure Projects
1. Powergrid Jurong Island Cable Tunnel Project
2. City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue
Residences
3. Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West
Project
4. Land Transport Authority (LTA) Bedok Station
Construction Project
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Site Visit 1 - Powergrid Jurong Island Cable Tunnel Project
Design and Risk Management:
• Power cable tunnel allow efficient installation
and quick replacement of underground cables
• Tunnel (6m diameter) is designed with a depth
of 60 to 80m to ensure reliability and security of
electricity network in Singapore
• Adoption of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)
to secure construction programme
• RFID tags to monitor location of employees at
entrance & exit of each sections of tunnel
Construction of Cable Tunnel
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Site visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) - The Venue Residences Contractor : Dragages Singapore Ptd Ltd
Design for Safety - Diaphragm Wall is adopted for
both temporary works and
permanent structure for 3 levels
basement (approx. 11m)
Four residential blocks with podium
and three levels basement
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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences Diaphragm wall & Basement construction sequence - Top down construction
3
2
4
1
Immediate construction platform
created by top down construction
No further ELS required
for Excavation and Pile
Cap construction
Diaphragm Wall already
installed during piling stage
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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences
Design for Safety - Diaphragm Wall • Three levels Basement required Excavation more than 11m depth
• Diaphragm wall is chosen instead of sheet piling ELS
• More expansive option adopted for sake of safety and programme
Benefits • Safe and strut free working area
• Very robust - permanent wall instead of temporary sheet pile
• Enhance programme and save several months – Concurrent
construction with diaphragm wall completed before piling
completion. (traditional ELS and piling works are carried out in
separate period)
• Apart from earth retaining, it cut out ground water during
construction
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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences
Diaphragm Wall
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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences
Diaphragm Wall
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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences
Site water treatment system using recycled water for site cleaning
Shoe washing bay Vehicle washing Bay
Site water treatment system
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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences
Site residence accommodation for imported workers
Site Residence Residential Room
Washing facilities Kitchen
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Site Visit 2 - City Developed Limited (CDL) The Venue Residences
Welfare Facilities
Bicycles Parking Facilities Canteen
Smoking Area Fitness facilities
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Construction of a
LTA Station plus
7.5km Integrated
Rail and Road
Viaduct
Integrated Rail &
Road Viaduct
Site visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project Contractor : Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co. Ltd.
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Design for safety – Construction above traffic roads
• Precast Segments Erection By Balanced Cantilever
• Heavy tandem lifting by using mobile cranes for the
station viaduct segmental beams and precast beams
within the narrow working space and traffic restriction
Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project
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Segment Erection by using mobile cranes
Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project
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Site safety – Contrasting color of staircase treads
Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project
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Site safety of block wall construction
• Adoption of metal lintel and frame for block wall to enhance progress and
quality of works
• Use mechanical platform for laying block works to enhance site safety
Site Visit 3 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Tuas West Project
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Site Visit 4 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) - Bedok Station Construction Project Contractor : General and Turnkey Contractor
Construction of LTA station and tunnel
Site Assessment System • Site Audit System of LTA for
Environmental and Site Safety
• The money will be deducted for low
score of ESS Assessment system
as per Contract Specifications
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Site Visit 4 - Land Transport Authority (LTA) Bedok Station Construction Project
Environmental management - Tall noise barriers are provided adjacent to noise sensitive building
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Thank You