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Ch. 23 Head and FaceEYE
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Objectives Describe the anatomy of the head and face. Discuss common injuries to the head, face,
teeth, eyes, nose, ears, and scalp. Explain various injuries of the brain that an
athlete might suffer as a result of athletic participation.
Explain the signs and symptoms of a concussion.
Demonstrate on-field management and assessment of concussions
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Eye 1 inch in diameter Lacrimal ducts-tear ducts
Empties into nasal passage Conjuctiva-outermost covering of the
eye 3 layers that make up the wall
Sclera Choroid Retina
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Sclera White part of the eye Cornea
Window of the eye Very sensitive to pain and touch
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Choroid Coat Middle layer Pupil-opening that permits light Iris-colored part of the eye
Based on melanin present Extrinsic eye muscles
Moves eye around Intrinsic eye muscles
Constricts and dilates pupils
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Retina Innermost layer Does not extend to the front of the eye Light rays from an object forms an
image Rods and cones-special cells sensitive to
light Retina may change shape causing
objects to appear blurry Correct with contacts or glasses
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Corneal Abrasion A scratch or small
cut of the cornea Caused by dirt,
foreign object, or rubbing eyes hard
Fluorescent strips
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Eye Contusion Also known as black
eye Caused by blow to the
eye Should have no vision
problems Discoloration is from
bleeding under the skin
Treat with cold compress
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Orbital Blow-out Fracture Fracture of the bones
supporting the socket Caused by blow to
the eye by large object
S/S: pain around eye and with eye movement
Cover both eyes and refer to doctor
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Hyphema Bleeding in the eye Blood will begin to
pool in the anterior portion of the eye
Must refer to doctor immediately
Left untreated may cause blindness
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Conjunctivitis Pink Eye Infection of the
conjunctiva Could be viral, allergic,
or bacterial Treat with cold
compress and eye drops
Prescriptions may be required for serious cases
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Detached Retina Caused by blow or
even a hard sneeze Blurred vision May see sparks,
flashes, or a curtain across field of vision
Surgery may be performed to save vision
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Stye Staph infection on
the eyelid Can be external or
internal Apply warm
compress