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DIGITAL GRIDA COMMUNICATIVE ELECTRICAL GRID
By K.Tejaswini
Under the guidance of
V.RAJANI KUMAR PATNAIK
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ABSTRACT:
The large scale deployment of wind generatedpower ,solar power and other power fromrenewable energy sources cannot be achievedwithout overcoming fundamental issues with theexisting electrical power grid.
This lead to the concept of DIGITAL GRID-theconvergence of information and power in a nextgeneration network.
Adopting this digital grid consisting Digital gridrouter and digital grid controller, the large scaledeployment of a renewable energybased power
system can be a reality .
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What is Digital Grid?
Digital grid is
a communicative
electrical grid.
It is nothing but anelectrical grid where a
wide area Synchronised
power System is subdivi
-ded into digitalised small
sized power systems such
that it accepts penetrations high and prevent
blackouts .
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Why Digital Grid?
The impact of issues such as changes in theglobal climate and soaring fossil fuel priceshas accelerated a shift to Renewable energysuch as solar and wind energy .
Loss of power synchronization due tofluctuations in solar and wind powergeneration.
Smart grids also proposed but eventhough
they have digitalized information system andsmart management ,it is difficult to transferpower according to demand .
As Digital Grid(DG) has subdivided cells
which have its own regulated supply,demand balance within the cell is adopted.
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Functions :
Support for high penetration of
renewable energy.
Grid stability
Grid redundancy
Improves grid flexibility
Digital power trading Merging information and electric
power
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Explanation :
The existing power gridis divided into cells with an
assignment of IP addresses
to power converters,storage , generators and
other equipment .
DG is composed of
(1).Digital Grid Router(DGR)
(2).Digital Grid Controller (DGC)
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DGR:
DGR is a self-commutated multileg AC/DC/ACconverter that can provide coordination betweenbackbone grid and cells and also between cells.
DGR enables the communication and transfer the
power to different cells which are connected by it.
It can transmit the desired active power in adesired direction and independently generate the
required reactive power thereby enabling voltageregulation.
It can also become an voltage source in the case ofnull voltage status of connected power grid as it is
self-commutated device
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DGC:
DGC can meter the quantity of powergenerated from solar and wind and
other power sources that have
relatively severe fluctuations. Exchanges data through external
telecommunication circuits.
It can forecast power exchange-related information and reserve power
transactions.
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DG Benefits :
Large scale deployment of renewable energy :In the case of conventional power grid
fluctuations are connected to power grid,larger
changes in sizes made unavoidable whereas in DGthose fluctuations are absorbed by frequencychanges within cells.
Grid with high redundancy and robustness :
in conventional power grid ,a powerline routing accident can make the usage of gridimpossible but it is possible to square the numberof cells which increase power interchange .
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Sharing of energy storage devices :
The energy storage capacity needed
to be installed in DG is less compared with amountrequired if each cell Independently provided its
own storage.
Load sharing:
if the remaining charge in the
storage devices of a cell is low and it is
determined that it possess a barrier tofrequency maintenance ,it is possible to request
a power exchange with nearby cells.
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Coexistence with the backbone grid:
the hybrid configuration of the existing
backbone grid and DG will tap the potential offeredby a new power grid.
Security:
as the cells are premised on anautonomous power system ,they can ensure
their own security.
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Conclusion:
The concept of convergenceof power and information is explainedusing Digital grid. It uses DGR and DGCto append information to power flows,
enabling their differentiation andidentification.
The digital grid enables a more
robust grid by segmenting it into largelyautonomous cells and with energystorage enables a large proportion ofrenewable energy which cannot be
achieved by the present grid architecture.
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