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Drone Project Report September 26, 2018
Ormond Beach, California
Cynthia Hartley
Permit #TE-181713-3
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Project Objectives
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Determine if a drone can be flown over nesting WSP without causing disturbance
Because we really want to do the following:
3. Collect high resolution elevation data (cm scale) of nesting habitat
4. Develop better methods of censusing population numbers
5. Improve habitat management
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Student Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) teamCSUCI
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4Cool things we can do ● Monitor wildlife
● Measure dynamically changing dune system
● Test new methods for finding at tracking wildlife at Ormond Beach
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5Mapping in High Resolution with UAV (Drone)● Using a UAV we mapped the Ormond beach to produce high
resolution outputs not typically available or possible to get at a
high frequency to monitor temporal changes in the dynamically
changing dune system
○ Orthomosaic
○ Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
○ Point Cloud
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6Using Thermal Imaging on a Drone
● Working with new technological applications of thermal imaging
on drones ○ Identify birds
○ Find nests
○ Minimal disturbance
● Long term management implications
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Methods: Drone Flights
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Flight details
1. Drone followed a gridded flight pattern
2. Altitude 30m (100 feet)
3. Speed = 5-8 mph
4. Flight time 12-15 minutes (battery limited)
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Methods
Software: Pix4d flight control, Drone Deploy data processing, ArcGIS Pro, Trimble Business Center
Nest Video: GoPro Hero and Hero39
DJI = Dà-Jiāng Innovations
Drone Model Weight Size (Diameter) Color Image
DJI Inspire 1 6 lbs 581mm Black and
white
DJI Mavic Pro 2 lbs 335 mm Black
DJI Phantom 4
Pro 3 lbs 350 mm White
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Methods: Nest Observations
Field Observations
• Watched nest from a distance of 150-200’ with a spotting scope/binoculars
• Practiced before 1st flight
• In radio contact with Matt, ready to cancel flight if drone flushed a bird
GoPro Video
• GoPro placed next to nest
• Videos reviewed later and scored, 30 sec intervals
• Allowed to run until batteries ran out (1-1.5 hours)
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Methods: Behavior Reaction Score
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Score Reaction Description Demeanor
0 Resting: Sitting still, may alternate between open & closed eyes Normal
1Pecking at ground while sitting, scanning, preening, yawning, stretching,
foraging, shifting position on nestNormal
2 Turning head, looking up, tracking an object, feathers relaxed looking Intent
2.5 Obviously tracking a drone Intent
3 Ducking in place (whole body), feathers dropped Defensive
4
Sudden head movement tracking object, feathers may drop, neck stretched
neck, head or body may be turned
This behavior seen before bird leaves nest in panic
Alarmed
5Quickly running off nest, can be after a reaction score #4, or with no warning
Different than walking off nest to forageAlarmed
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5
Behavior Reaction Score
12
0
1 2 2.5
3 4
Heavy Eyes
Housekeeping Observing Looking up
Ducking IntenseStare
Leaving NestAlarmed
Relaxed
Resting
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Methods: We flew Over 6 Nests
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*GoPro Video
Date Drone Nest #
6/20/2018Inspire (50m) 21, 27, 28
Inspire 21, 27, 286/26/2018 Inspire 21*, 27, 286/29/2018 Inspire 21, 27, 28*7/3/2018 Inspire 277/5/2018 Inspire 26*, 29
7/16/2018 Inspire 26, 29*, 31
7/17/2018Phantom 26*, 29, 31*
Mavic 26*, 29, 31*
Salt Panne
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Salt Panne flight path
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Drone launch distance to nest 21800 ft (250m)
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Nest 21 Reaction Scores
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1. Drone can be seen launching and landing
2. Could see bird’s reaction to drone
• Launch
• Flyover
• Landing
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64
Re
acti
on
Sco
re
Launch
Land
Reaction Score
Inspire 1Inspire 1
Drone Video
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First Video Recorded Drone Flight – 2:23 minutes
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Nest #29 south dunes : *Drone turns over nest 4 times
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DroneTake off/land
Start
End
South Habitat0
1
2
3
4
5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34
Re
acti
on
Sco
re
Nest 29Inspire 1
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Nest 29 drone test flight video: 3:50 minutes
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Loud Plane and Helicopter Flyover: 40 seconds
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Additional flight reaction scores (no video)
20
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Individual birds had varying reactions to drones
Launch
Land
Reaction Score
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Re
acti
on
Sco
re
Nest 28 Inspire 1
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July 17: Different drones
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Launch
Land
Reaction Score
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50
Re
acti
on
Sco
re
GoPro Timer (mins)
Nest 31MavicPhantom
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50
Re
acti
on
Sco
re
Nest 26MavicPhantom
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Summary of Nest Flight Findings
1. Brooding snowy plovers did not flush in response to drone flyover
2. However, they were aware of drone presence …although responses where
often subtle:
• Turned head to look up at drone
• In a few cases they ducked in place
• Other times they appeared to stop activity and became still
3. Individual birds had varying responses
4. Birds appear to pick up on sight, more than sound of drone
5. One plover reacted to drone launch 800 feet away (250 m)
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Questions?
24