Failure Mode Effect & Criticality
Analysis (FMECA)
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Introduction
• Paul Clancy - HV Substations Supervisor , ESB Networks
• ESB Company Standard - Commissioning
• Specification of the requirements for commissioning substations ,lines & cables
• Contributors
• Alan Rossiter
• James Finn
• Kieran French
• Dr . Maria Chiara Leva
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Mission Statements & Strategy
• ESB Networks - “committed to a safe and reliable network …”
• EirGrid - “task is to deliver a safe, secure and reliable supply of electricity – now, and
in the future…”
• SONI – “responsible for the safe, secure, efficient and reliable operation of the high
voltage electricity system..”
• National Grid UK – “leader in the development and operation of safe, reliable, and
sustainable energy infrastructure..”
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Human error fault categories 2000-2015
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System Disturbances & Behaviour of Protective Equipment 2015
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Objective
• Risk based Company Standard
• Contribute to the reliability and safety in substations
• Contribute to the continuous improvement of substation commissioning as the
data set increases
• Develop an objective auditing process
• Contribute to grid resilience by ensuring substation systems operate correctly
• Permissive tripping
• Auto reclosing
• Moisture ingress
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Standards
• IEC Standard - 31010-2009 Risk Management -Risk Management Techniques
• IEC 60812:2006 Analysis techniques for system reliability
• ESB Networks risk assessment procedure
• As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP)
• Failure Modes & Effect Analysis (FMEA)
• CIGRE reliability survey data T
• The criteria for selecting severity, occurrence, and detection value based on the anchor
values obtained as reference from the CIGRE international enquiry on reliability of HV
equipment reports 2004 - 2007, parts 1 to 6.
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FMEA Definition
• IEC- 60182 defines FMEA as a systematic procedure for the analysis of a system
whose target is the identification of the potential failure modes, their causes and
effects on system performance. It is a bottom up failure analysis method that
highlights common failure causes of the system and provides a rank for each failure
mode related to element importance. It considers system parts and/or functions that
are most likely to fail.
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The FMEA includes
• A list of equipment failure modes
• The causes of these failures
• Local effects that refer to the consequences of each possible failure on the
system element
• Final effects that describe the impact of that possible failure on the whole
system
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Criticality Analysis
• A critically analysis (CA) assigns a Risk Priority Number (RPN) to each failure
mode. The RPN is calculated using the formula.
RPN = S × O × D
• S (Severity) represents the assessment of the worst potential consequences
resulting from an item failure
• O (Occurrence) denotes the probability of failure mode occurrence
• D (Detection) represents the chance to identify and eliminate the failure before
the system or people are affected.
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Risk Priority Number
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Risk Priority Number
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Conclusion
• ESB Networks - “ committed to a safe and reliable network ..”
• Risk based Company Standard
• Contribute to the reliability and safety in substations
• Contribute to the continuous improvement of substation commissioning as the data set
increases
• Develop an objective auditing process
• Contribute to grid resilience by ensuring substation systems operate correctly
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