Download - Fluid Mechanics Theory_E
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7/21/2019 Fluid Mechanics Theory_E
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\ARZBJZ
"dfibsagudfrpaysbjs.bi" 6
@M^BC DNJAFIBJZ
CN@ BIB SBKI K@ @M^BCSan tnrd `mubc rn`nrs tk f suestfijn taft jfi `mkw fic ckns ikt afvn f safpn k` bts kwi. @kr
nxfdpmn mbqubc fic hfsns.
@mubc bijmucns prkpnrty (F) Cnisbty (E) Pbsjksbty (J) Eumg dkcumus k` nmfstbjbty (C) prnssurn(N) spnjb`bj hrfvbty
\UNZZ^UN BI @M^BCSan prnssurn p bs cn`binc fs tan dfhibtucn k` tan ikrdfm ` krjn fjtbih ki f uibt sur`fjn frnf.
\ 4F
@
@ 4 ikrdfm `krjn ki f sur`fjn frnf F.
San prnssurn bs f sjfmfr qufitbty. Sabs bs enjfusn aycrkstftbj prnssurn bs trfisdbttnc nqufmmy bi
fmm cbrnjtbkis wani `krjn bs fppmbnc, wabja sakws taft f cn`bibtn cbrnjtbki bs ikt fsskjbftnc wbta
prnssurn.
Sarust.San tktfm `krjn nxnrtnc ey f mbqubc ki fiy sur`fjn bi jkitfjt wbta bt bs jfmmnc tarust k` tan mbqubc.
JKIZNV^NIJNZ K@ \UNZZ^UN(b) Ufbmwfy trfjgs frn mfbc ki mfrhn sbznc wkkcni kr brki smnnpnrs. Sabs bs enjfusn tan wnbhat (`krjn)
k` tan trfbi bs sprnfc kvnr f mfrhn frnf k` tan smnnpnr. Sabs rncujns tan prnssurn fjtbih ki tan
hrkuic fic anijn prnvnits tan ybnmcbih k` hrkuic uicnr tan wnbhat k` tan trfbi.
(bb) F safrp gib`n bs dkrn n``njtbvn bi juttbih tan keonjts tafi f emuit gib`n.
San prnssurn nxnrtnc 4 @krjn/frnf. San safrp gib`n trfisdbts `krjn kvnr f sdfmm frnf fs
jkdpfrnc tk tan emuit gib`n. Anijn tan prnssurn nxnrtnc bi jfsn k` safrp gib`n bs dkrn tafi bi
jfsn k` emuit gib`n.
(bbb) F jfdnm wfmgs nfsbmy ki sfic eut f dfi jfiikt bispbtn k` tan `fjt taft f jfdnm bs duja anfvbnr
tafi dfi.
Sabs bs enjfusn tan frnf k` jfdnms `nnt bs mfrhn fs jkdpfrnc tk dfis `nnt. Zk tan prnssurn
nxnrtnc ey jfdnm ki tan sfic bs vnry sdfmm fs jkdpfrnc tk tan prnssurn nxnrtnc ey dfi. Cun tk
mfrhn prnssurn, sfic uicnr tan `nnt k` dfi ybnmcs fic anijn an jfiikt wfmg nfsbmy ki sfic.
P UB SBKI K@ \UNZZ^UN XBSA ANBHASFs su dp tbki s ? (b ) uifj jn mnrftn c mbqu bc (b b) uib` kr d cnis bty k` mbqubc (b bb ) uib`kr d hr fv bty
Xnbhat k` tan sdfmm nmndnit ca bs efmfijnc ey tan nxjnss prnssurn. Bt dnfisca
cp4h.
\
\f
hcp a
< I bs fppmbnc ki tan wftnr bi tan tabjgnr frd. Xaft `krjn
sakumc en fppmbnc ki tan wftnr bi tan tabiinr frd sk taft tan wftnr dfy rndfbi bi
nqubmberbud;
Zkmutbki ? Bi nqubmberbud, tan prnssurns ft tan twk sur`fjns sakumc en nqufm fs tany mbn bi tan sfdn
akrbzkitfm mnvnm. B` tan ftdkspanrbj prnssurn bs \ fic f `krjn @ bs fppmbnc tk dfbitfbi tan
nqubmberbud, tan prnssurns frn
\ h jd: , fic ft snf mnvnm, h 4 212> 21
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\ARZBJZ
"dfibsagudfrpaysbjs.bi" 3
\ \f
4 h (y5
y6) 4 hy
\ 4 feskmutn prnssurn, \ \f
4 hfuhn prnssurn.
Saus, gikwbih y fic (cnisbty k` mbqubc), wn jfi dnfsurn tan hfuhn prnssurn.
Nxfdpmn 5. S a n d f i k d n t nr s a k w i e n m k w b s u s n c t k d n f s u r n t a n c b ` `n r n i jn b i w f tn r m n v n m
entwnni tan twk tfigs. Jfmjumftn tabs cb``nrnijn `kr tan jkicbtbkis bicbjftnc.
Zkmutbki ? \f
+ a6h 3
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\ARZBJZ
"dfibsagudfrpaysbjs.bi" >
y c5 \
x
c6
\f
F F
Bi J.H.Z.\
f+ 6:.0 5 5> h + 6:.0 50 h 4 \
\f
+ 6:.0 h W>< + 50T 4 \
5\f
4 \ W\f
4 6:.0 h 80T
Nxfdpmn 3. @bic kut prnssurn ft pkbits F fic E. Fmsk `bic fihmn .
Zkmutbki ? \ rnssurn ft F \F
4 \ftd
6
hm sbi\rnssurn ft E \
E4 \
ftd+
5 ha
Eut \E
bs fmsk nqufm tk \E
4 \F
+:
hm sbi Anijn - \
ftd+
5ha 4 \
F+
:hm sbi
\ftd
+5
ha 4 \ftd
6
hm sbi + :
hm sbi
sb i 4)(
a
6:
5
.
Nxfdpmn >. Bi tan hbvni `bhurn, tan jkitfbinr smbcns ckwi wbta fjjnmnrftbki
f ki fi bijmbin k` fihmn . Mbqubc bs stftbkifry wbta rnspnjttk jkitfbinr. @bic kut -
(b) Fihmn dfcn ey sur`fjn k` mbqubc wbta akrbzkitfm pmfin.
(bb) Fihmn b` f 4 h sbi .
Zkmutbki ? Jkisbcnr f `mubc pfrtbjmn ki sur`fjn. San `krjns fjtbih ki bt frn sakwi bi `bhurn.
4
Unsumtfit `krjn fjtbih ki mbqubc sur`fjn, wbmm fmwfys ikrdfm tk bt
tfi 4
sbidfdh
jksdf4
)sbifh(
jksf
Saus fihmn k` mbqubc sur`fjn wbta tan akrbzkitfm bs nqufm tk 4 tfi6)sbifh(
jksf
(bb) B` f 4 h sbi , tani 4 tfi6
5sbihh
jksf 4 tfi6 5jkshjkssbih
4 tfi6 (tfi ) 4
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\ARZBJZ
"dfibsagudfrpaysbjs.bi" 0
Nxfdpmn 0. Xftnr fic mbqubc bs `bmmnc up enabic f squfrn wfmm k` sbcn. @bic kut
(f) \rnssurns ft F, E fic J (e) @krjns bi pfrt FE fic EJ
(j) Sktfm `krjn fic pkbit k` fppmbjftbki k` `krjn. (inhmnjt ftdkspanrn prnssurn bi nvnry
jfmjumftbki)
Zkmutbki ? (f) Fs tanrn bs ik mbqubc fekvn F,
Zk prnssurn ft F, \F
4 + 5.>T + 6 +:
6 8.> 6.05 6< 0 4
:
8>.661 6< 0
Sktfm tkrqun 4:
6.66 8+
:
6.6 84
:
6.6: 8
Sktfm tkrqun 4 tktfm `krjn cbstfijn k` pkbit k` fppmbjftbki k` `krjn `rkd tkp 4 @ . xp
0.5> 6 :
Sktfm tkrqun 431
h62 3+
53
h 34
31
h56 3
Eut @ xp
431
h56 3 p
1
h> :
4
31
h56 3
xp
4: