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Fluorescence Line Height (FLH)
Ricardo Letelier,Mark Abbott,
Jasmine NahorniakOregon State University
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Outline
• FLH basic alghorithm• Comparison between field
measurements and MODIS FLH• FLH and [chl a]• Chlorophyll Fluorescence Efficiency
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Acknowledgments
• Mark Abbott, Jasmine Nahorniak (OSU)• Dennis Clark (NOAA)• Wayne Esaias, Frank Hoge (NASA)• Bob Evans, Kay Kilpatrick, Howard
Gordon, Ed Kearns (Univ. Miami)• Ken Carder (USF)• John Cullen & Yannick Huot (Dalhousie)
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0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
0.012
0.014
0.016
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Wavelength, nm
Lu/E
s
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
0.012
0.014
0.016
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Wavelength, nm
Lu/E
s
Chlorophyll absorption
Increase in fluorescence
F = PAR x ([chl] x a*) x f
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MODIS FLH bands: avoid oxygen absorbance at 687 nm
Weighting factor used to compensate for off-center FLH
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0
2
4
6
8
10
12
650 670 690 710 730 750 770
0.00E+00
2.00E-02
4.00E-02
6.00E-02
8.00E-02
1.00E-01
1.20E-01
Rad
ianc
e, W
m-2
µm
-1 sr
-1
Nor
mal
ized
ban
d tr
ansm
itta
nce10 mg
0.01 mg
Wavelength, nm
650 670 690 710 730 750 7700.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
13 14 15
FLH (10 mg)
Negative FLH due to TOA curvature needs to be corrected empirically
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Field Observations
-In situ open ocean - MOBY - HOT cruises
-In situ Coastal - GLOBEC - COAST
- Southern Ocean
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Optical Drifters
- 29 off Oregon- 12 in the Southern Ocean- Noth Atlantic (John Cullen’s group)
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http://picasso.coas.oregonstate.edu/ORSOO/
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0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
Oregon Drifters FLH, W m-2 m-1 sr-1
MO
DIS
Terr
a F
LH,
W m
-2
m-1 s
r-1
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From Hoge et al.
Testing the MODIS FLH Algorithm
FLH vs. chlorophyll
FLH vs. CDOM
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In situ chlorophyll, mg m-3
FLH
, W
m-2 µ
m-1 s
r-1
GLOBEC NEP AUGUST 2002
[chl] = .021 + 43.4 FLH1.866
All cruise dataOnly pixels of passes within 5 hrs of sampling time
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chlFLH empirical(this study)
chlFLH semi-analytical(Huot & Cullen
assuming f = 0.006)
In situ chl
GLOBEC NEP AUGUST 2002
-Both FLH derived chl algorithms appear to slightly overestimate chl a fields.-They do not seem to reproduce the low values observed in situ.-Some of the differences between in situ and FLH derived could be due to time differences and sampling depth (in situ = 5 m depth)
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GLOBEC NEP AUGUST 2002 (July 31st – August 19th)
In situ chl a, mg m-3 MODIS chl a_2, mg m-3
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In Situ Observations of F/[chl] suggest it can be a proxy for f
Initial slope proportional to F
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Sea Surface Temperature Chl a Chl Fluorescence Line Height (°C) (mg m-3) (W m-2 m-1 sr-1)
MODIS Terra L2 1 km resolution scene from October 3rd 2001
From OSU-COAS EOS DB Station
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Southern Ocean Temp. Test
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
3/15/00 10/1/00 4/19/01 11/5/01 5/24/02 12/10/02 6/28/03
Date
Ch
l a, m
g m
-3
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
FL
H, W
m-2
m
-1 s
r-1
Chl a 3
FLH
Seasonal patterns of FLH and chl a
Southern Ocean
Indian Ocean
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
3/15/00 10/1/00 4/19/01 11/5/01 5/24/02 12/10/02 6/28/03
Date
Ch
l a, m
g m
-3
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.25
FL
H, W
m-2
m
-1 s
r-1
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MODIS ARP Huot & Cullen ARPusing in situ chl to
Derive an average f
chlFLH empirical(this study)
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0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.030
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
# oc
cure
nces
CFE, non dimensional
Range covering mostoceanic regions(Gordon, 1979)
Mean oceanic value according to Fischer and Kronfeld (1990)
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GLOBEC NEP AUGUST 2002
MODIS CFE using MODIS ARP
MODIS CFE using Huot & Cullen ARP
chlFLH empirical(this study)
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0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Fv/
Fm
, n.d
.9
AM
CF
E, r
.u.
/max , n.d.
Thalassiosira weissflogii Chemostat results 2001-2002
After 3 days of constant cell counts
After 14 days
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Where do we stand?
• Field observations suggest that MODIS FLH is a robust product.
• Comparison of [chl]field vs FLHMODIS
suggest that FLH may prove of use to derive [chl] in turbid waters. However, and as expected, there is no single relation between FLH and [chl a]. (See also K Carder poster).
• CFE validation requires that of FLH and ARP.
• In order to interpret CFE we need field and laboratory based work that explores the effect of environmental variability and phytoplankton specific composition.
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FLH working group
• Charlie Yentsch ([email protected]), • Dave Siegel ([email protected]), • Greg Leptoukh ([email protected]), • Richard Sikorski ([email protected]), • Chuck McClain ([email protected]), • Heidi Dierssen ([email protected]), • Chuanmin Hu ([email protected]), • Paula Bontempi ([email protected]), • Alex Cunningham ([email protected]), • Mike Behrenfeld ([email protected]),• Ricardo Letelier ([email protected])