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Streaming Media
a presentation byFlorian Seidel
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Agenda
• What is Streaming Media?– idea– alternatives– comparison
• How does Streaming Media Work?– broadcasting– bandwidth– buffering– quality
• Needed Components for Streaming• Quiz
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The first idea
• displaying content like text, graphics, links, etc. is easily realizable with standard browser
• displaying audio/video data adds the time aspect which blows up the file size and the download time
• another solution was needed
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Traditional Method of Media Delivery• Normal Downloading
– Entire file is delivered to client’s computer and saved to the hard disk (Temporary Internet Files folder)
– In most cases, the media cannot be played until the entire file is downloaded
– Quality is always assured
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Advantages of Traditional Method• A downloaded file is available for
later use by the user • Downloaded media can provide
higher image quality if needed• A downloaded media file can be
stepped frame by frame• No special software needed
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Another idea
vs
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Another idea
• Streaming– Only a small portion of the file is
downloaded before the file can be played (buffer)
– The media plays as it is being delivered in the background
– Different quality (bit rate) streams are sent to the user depending on the limits of the internet connection.
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Advantages of Streaming• Streaming files are not saved to
your hard disk • After being played, the data is
discarded saving disk space• Anyone with a network connection
can view a multimedia file through the internet (at different quality levels)
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How Does Streaming Work?• Uses special standards-based codecs and
protocols to deliver multimedia information over a network
• RTSP (Real-Time Streaming Protocol)– Control Protocol to handle bandwidth and error control
• RTP (Real-Time Packet)– Standards-based packet (companion to RTSP)
• CODECS (that use RTSP\RTP)– Real: RM, RA, RT– MS: ASF, WMA, WMV– Apple: MOV (most)
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Unicast vs. Multicast
Each client has an individual stream.
Each client uses one stream.
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Example of Streaming Advantage
Total time to Listen to File
0 20 40 60
Connection
Speed
56K
Time (in minutes)
Streaming
Dow nloading
24 min. (download) + 00:57 (listening)= 24:57 min.
00:57 (listening)
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Bandwidth
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A Real Player Stream
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Bandwidth sufficiency
• Minimum bandwidth needed to view this presentation
• This presentation will play on a 28.8Kbps connection, but there will be a lot of “buffering”.25 Kbps
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Bandwidth insufficiency
• If connected via a 28.8Kbps connection, RealPlayer will not playback the presentation smoothly, browser download will slow-down and checking email will take longer.
40 Kbps
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Buffering - with insufficient bandwidth
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Buffering - under ideal conditions
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Components for Streaming• Web Server (IIS, NES, Apache, etc.)
– stores and serves the multimedia files– stores text files that point to encoded
media files
• Web Client (any browser)– accesses the internet– lauches the Streaming Media Client
Software
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Components for Streaming• Streaming Media Client Software
(RealPlayer, Windows Media Player, QuickTime)– launched by web browser– decodes, plays and manages streaming media
files
• Streaming Server (RealMedia Server, Windows Media Services, Quicktime)– runs streaming software– serves encoded multimedia files
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In conclusion
• Streaming Media is a method to deliver and play multimedia data in real-time
• Saves disk space as processed data is discarded after use
• Time saving compared to download-before-playing approach
• Quality depends on bandwidth, but is leveled out through buffering
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Recommended Sites
• for internet radio station search:– www.radio-locator.com
• for internet radio developers:– www.howstuffworks.com
• for people interested in streaming media:– www.streamingmediaworld.com
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Almost there...
The Quiz
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Quiz
• Question 1:– Name some differences between
traditional downloading and streaming of multimedia files
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Quiz
• Question 2:– Name some advantages of streaming
media.
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Quiz
• Question 3:– Name components for working with
streaming media– Describe their basic functionality
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End of Presentation
Thank you for your attention