Download - FSP UPS introduction 20150826
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UPS Introduction - Power Never Ends -
Released by FSP Group
2015/08/28
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Agenda
Summary
Introduction
Seven Types of Power Problems
UPS output capacity & reliability indexes
Basic Function
Applications
UPS types
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Summary
• There is much confusion in the marketplace about the
• different types of UPS systems and their characteristics.
• Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications
• of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages
• are listed.
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Introduction
• UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supplies • (or Uninterruptible Power System)
• UPS can supply two paths of power source to the load,
• when the primary power source brown out or black out, the • transfer switch built-in the UPS will switch to backup power • source.
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Seven Types of Power Problems :
Transients
Brownout(Interruptions)
Sag(Under-voltage)
Surge(Overvoltage)
Waveform distortion
Voltage fluctuations
Frequency variations
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(1.1) Transients : Impulsive
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(1.2) Transients : Oscillatory
(adjustable speed drives)
Oscillation induced by utility automatically switching
in capacitor banks
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(2) Brownout / Interruptions :
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(3) Sag / Undervoltage :
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(4) Swell / Surge (Overvoltage) :
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(5) Waveform distortion : DC offset
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(5) Waveform distortion : Harmonics
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(6) Voltage fluctuations :
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(7) Frequency variation :
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UPS output capacity & reliability indexes
• Efficiency AC-AC
• Output current peak factor
• The output current surge factor (start)
• Output overload capability
• Output loading power factor
• Three-phase unbalanced load capability
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• Storage data supply backup power source
• Protect Device improve the quality of power
• Diagnostics manual & regular self-test function
• Power monitoring Windows / Linux applications
management software, automatic power off & alarm function via USB/SNMP/RS232/RS485 communication interface.
Basic Function:
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• Personal Computer (PC)
• Server
• Telecom communication machine …
• Information Data Center (IDC) DB server, big data info.
• Industry / Military survival equipment, alarm system
Applications :
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UPS types
• A variety of design approaches are used to implement
UPS systems, each with distinct performance
characteristics. The most common design approaches
are as follows:
Off Line Line Interactive On-Line
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Off Line UPS The most common type used for Personal Computers.
The transfer switch is set to choose the filtered AC input as the primary power source (solid line path), and switches to the battery / inverter as the backup source should the primary source fail. The inverter only starts when the power fails, hence the name "Standby." Work Mode: Normal Mode (or Bypass Mode or Line Mode) Battery Mode (or Inverter Mode or Backup Mode)
Surge Suppressor and filter to eliminate spike and high frequency noise
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• When the utility is normal, it will provide power to the load directly
• When the utility black out (utility fail), it will switch to the battery/inverter as the backup source by the transfer switch
Advantages : • High efficiency
• Small size
• Low cost
• With proper filter and surge circuitry, these systems can also provide adequate noise filtration and surge suppression
Working Function:
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Line Interactive UPS
AVR : Automatic Voltage Regulation when the utility brown out wide the input voltage range, prolong the battery’s life cycle. Voltage regulation is an important feature when low voltage conditions exist, otherwise the UPS would transfer to battery and then eventually down the load. This more frequent battery usage can cause premature battery failure.
The most common design used for small business, Web and departmental servers.
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• When the utility is normal, it will provide power to the load directly
• When the utility brown out (voltage is a little high or low), the voltage of utility will be regulated by AVR before output
• When the utility black out (utility fail), it will switch to the battery/inverter as the backup source by the transfer switch
Working Function:
Advantages : • High efficiency
• Small size
• Low cost
• High reliability coupled with the ability to correct low or high line voltage conditions make this the dominant type of UPS in the 0.5-5kVA power range
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On-Line UPS
Working Mode: Bypass Mode Normal Mode ( or Inverter Mode or Line Mode) Battery Mode
Double Conversion: AC DC, DC AC ※ Note: the primary power path is the inverter instead of the AC main.
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Advantages : • Wide input voltage range
• No transfer time,
• Steady output voltage
• High precision
Working Function: • When the utility is normal, it will be rectified before flowing to the
inverter, then the inverter supplies power to the load
• When the utility is abnormal, inverter gets power form battery, then
the inverter provides power to the load directly
• When the inverter fails, it switches to the static bypass switch?
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Realize what UPS is used for now ?!
It makes your power never ends & bring you big convenience.
So…Why not have one, right now !
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