This document consists of 9 printed pages and 3 blank pages.
(DR) S57475/3© UCLES 2004 [Turn over
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education
Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level
GEOGRAPHY 9696/02, 9696/03
Papers 2 and 3May/June 2004
3 hoursINSERT
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
This insert contains all the Figures referred to in the questions.
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04
Fig.1 for Question 1
The location of two soil types along a soil catena in the tropical savanna
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Soil A
Granite Soil B
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04 [Turn over
Fig. 2 for Question 4
Some Stores and Transfers of Sediment in a Coastal Zone
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Cliff erosion
Onshorecurrents
Offshorecurrents
Blown sand
Key:
Store
Transfers
Cliffs Dunes Rivers
Beaches
Sea bed
Depositionin estuariesand deltas
Offshoredeposition
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04
Fig. 3 for Question 6
Volcanic and Seismic events leading to the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo on 14 June 1991
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DATE EVENT MONITORING AND SURVEYS GOVERNMENT ACTION
Small eruption of steam andash covers villages 10km away.
Seismographs installed onmountain, Volcanic Observatoryset up.
2 APRIL
Alert level 3 – eruption within afortnight. Areas threatened bynuées ardentes (pyroclastic flows) evacuated.
5 June
Volcanic hazard map resultsfrom surveys.Throughout May seismographsrecord 1800 small earthquakes2–6km deep, 5km north westof summit.
Hazard map distributed byGovernment.
23 May
Tiltmeter near summitindicates bulge in volcano
6 June
Column of ash and steam upto 8km in height.
Alert level 4 (explosive eruptionin 24 hours).
7 June
Magma reaches surface.8 June
Alert level 5 – evacuation of allinhabitants within 20km of summit
9 June
Two major eruptions. 08.51major eruption sendscolumn of gas, ash up to19km in height.
Evacuation zone extended to30km from summit. ManilaAirport closed.
12 June
Eruptions up to 40km inheight.
Observations now difficultbecause of ash clouds.
14 June
Eruptions of increasingintensity. Nuées ardentes(pyroclastic flows) frequent.Ash widley deposited –made heavy by rain fromTyphoon Yunga.
Seismographs destroyed.15 June
SO2 concentrations increasex10.
5 levels of alert published:1 = low level unrest5 = eruption underway
13–28 May
Eruptions change to newfocus – less than 5km deep.Small explosion and then ash eruptions, harmonictremors suggest magmaascent.
1 June
Small explosion and then ash eruptions, harmonictremors suggest magmaascent.
3 June
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04
Fig. 4 for Question 8
Some evidence that the Sahara Desert experienced a wetter climate in the past
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MEDITERRANEAN SEA
ATLANTIC OCEAN
AtlasMountains
HoggarMountains
Tassili Mountains
Tibesti Mountains
‘Mega’ Lake Chadcovering 300000km2
twice the size of today
N
Key:
Dry valley systems in mountains
Sahara Desert
Relic faunas/floras oak and cedar forests
Evidence of ancient peoples farming on savanna
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04
Fig. 5 for Question 10
Survey of industrial location in a region of a MEDC
Figs 6A, 6B and 6C for Question 11
Oil production, oil consumption and oil reserves, 1999
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0 20 40 60% of firms identifying as major strengths
0 20 40 60% of firms identifying as major weaknesses
LocationRoad communications
Labour availabilityAir communications
Labour skillsProximity to suppliesAccessibility of sites
Rail communicationsAvailability of sites
Quality of labourTelecommunications
Site costs
Image of regionAvailability of grants
EducationQuality of premisesOverall environment
Road communicationsRail communications
Quality of labourQuality of housingLeisure facilities
Labour skillsAir communications
Middle East26.3%
CIS andEastern Europe
20.3%
Asia andAustralasia
10.0%
Africa9.3%
LatinAmerica11.3%
WesternEurope6.2%
NorthAmerica16.6%
Other12.5%
NorthAmerica27.0%
CIS andEasternEurope15.2%
Asia andAustralasia
18.3%WesternEurope27.0%
Middle East64.5%
NorthAmerica
4.2%
WesternEurope1.8%
LatinAmerica13.2%
Africa5.9%
Asia andAustralasia
4.5%
CIS andEastern Europe
5.9%
Production(65.5 million barrels a day)
Consumption(65.5 million barrels a day)
Reserves(1012 billion barrels)
A B C
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04
Fig. 7 for Question 13
North American trade, 1995
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ASIA ANDMIDDLE EAST
JAPANNORTH
AMERICA
EUROPEANUNION
CIS ANDEASTERN EUROPE
AFRICA
CARIBBEANAND
LATINAMERICA
AUSTRALIA
imports 135,967
exports 72,829 exports 146,116
imports 222,166
impo
rts 1
54,8
94ex
ports
127
,887
imports 11,139
exports 10,154
imports 16,872exports 7,839
imports 263,202
exports 225,086
imports 4,501
exports 11,564
Key:Imports and Exports
of North America(millions of U.S. dollars)
total imports 934,242total exports 772,703
200,000100,000 imports
exports
100
200,000100,000100
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04
Fig. 8 for Question 14
The High Atlas Tourist Code
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As a guest, respect local traditions,protect local cultures, maintain local pride.
• When taking photographs, respect privacy - ask permission and use restraint.
• Respect religious and cultural places - preserve what you have come to see, never touch or remove religious objects.
• Giving to children encourages begging. A donation to a project, health centre or school is a more constructive way to help.
• You will be accepted and welcomed if you follow local customs. Use only your right hand for eating and greeting. It is polite to use both hands when giving or receiving gifts.
• Respect for local etiquette earns you respect - loose, light weight clothes are preferable to revealing shorts, skimpy tops and tight fitting action wear. Hand holding or kissing in public are disliked by local people.
• Visitors who value local traditions encourage local pride and maintain local cultures - please help local people gain a realistic view of life in your country.
Be patient, friendly and sensitive!Remember - you are a guest!
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9696/02,03 Insert M/J04
Fig. 9 for Question 15
Countries experiencing change in average income per person
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05101520253035 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35number of countries where averageincome per person 1990-1995 was
lower than before
number of countries where averageincome per person 1990-1995 was
higher than before
MEDCs
Asia
North Africa & the Middle East
Eastern Europe& the CIS
Latin America& the Caribbean
Sub-SaharanAfrica
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