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Green Bank Telescope Science Program
Felix “Jay” LockmanNRAO, Green Bank WV
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The GBT
100 meters
SensitivityLocationRadio Quiet Zone
In 20146220h for science~⅓ at ν≥18 GHz
• Point source sensitivity of a ~120m telescopeWith its state-of-the art receivers it has
• Point source sensitivity √2 better than VLA at ≲2 GHZ
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NationalRadioQuietZone
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• Receivers cover 0.1 to >100 GHz •>85% of total sky covered δ≥-46°•National Radio Quiet Zone•Competitively Scheduled
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GBT Pointing σ≈2″
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Venus 60” GBT Pointing 2”
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Total GBT Users ~1200
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Pulsars and compact objects Gravity and General Relativity Galactic Hydrogen surveysInterstellar Chemistry The internal structure of Mercury Evolution of spiral galaxies Star formation & pre-stellar objectsStudies of a binary black holeHydrogen content of galaxiesMolecules in highly redshifted galaxiesAnisotropies in the cosmic Infrared background
Research areas of most-cited GBT publications(November 2014)
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VENUSArecibo
+ GBT
B. Campbell
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A radar return is speckled
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The radar return is speckled
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“Large Longitude Libration of Mercury Reveals a Molten Core”
Margot et al. 2007 Science
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Chelyabinsk, Russia -- Feb. 15, 2013
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Goldstone-GBT 27 Jan 2015
Asteroid 2004BL86
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~18x the distance to the Moon
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GBT -- The Premier Pulsar TelescopeFastest Pulsar
Most Massive PulsarPulsars in Globular ClustersTests of General Relativity
Relativistic Spin Precession Pulsar in a three-body system
Coolest white dwarf star (a diamond as big as the Ritz)
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A Pulsar in a Triple SystemARECIBO+ GBT
Ransom et al. (2014) Nature
F = ma = GmM/r2 ???
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DETECTING GRAVITATIONAL
RADIATION
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Predicted Power in Gravitational Radiation
Pulsar timing
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A VLBI Resolution of the Pleiades distance controversy
Melis et al. (2014)
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134.8 ± 0.5 pc138.4 ± 1.1 pc135.5 ± 0.6 pc136.6 ± 0.6 pc
errors < 1%
VLBA + GBT + Effelsberg + Arecibo
errors < 0.0001″
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A VLBI Resolution of the Pleiades distance controversy
Melis et al. (2014)
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22 GHz H2O MasersBraatz, Kuo et al.
Discovered by the GBTMonitored by the GBTImaged by the VLBA +
GBT
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The Chemistry of Interstellar Space
propenal
cyanoformaldehyde ketenimine
propanal
Some (of the 17+) New GBT Molecule Detections
C6 H-
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A digression on the sensitivity of radio telescopes
point source t / 1
A2e
extended source t / f2 / Diam4
A2e
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A digression on the sensitivity of radio telescopes
Diam = 100 m
Diam = 1000 m
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A digression on the sensitivity of radio telescopes
Instrument f2 21cm HPBW GBT 1 9.1’
Arecibo 1 3.2’VLA-D ∼104 46”VLA-C ∼106 14”
VLA-B ∼108 4.3”ASKAP ∼106
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A digression on the sensitivity of radio telescopes
Instrument f2 21cm HPBW GBT 1 9.1’
Arecibo 1 3.2’VLA-D ∼104 46”VLA-C ∼106 14”
VLA-B ∼108 4.3”ASKAP ∼106
For a given collecting area, the brightness sensitivity is always greatest for a filled aperture
This is not related to the issue of missing short spacings
For a given angular resolution, the brightness sensitivity is always greatest for a filled aperture
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VLBA Limited to Tb>105 K
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The Chemistry of Interstellar Space
propenal
cyanoformaldehyde ketenimine
propanal
Some (of the 17+) New GBT Molecule Detections
C6 H-
Hot new chemistry discovery today!
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HC7N: A Chemical “Clock” in a Molecular Cloud?Friesen et al. (2013)
[NH3]/[HC7N]
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Star Formation in a Filament in Taurus
Young Min Seo et al. 2015 ApJ 805, 185
Dust
GBT NH3
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Frayer et al. 2015
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GBT detection of mm-cm sized “dust”in star-forming clouds
MUSTANGBolometer Array
3.3mm81-96 GHzSchnee et al. (2014)
5’
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No Hydrogen in the Milky Way’s Dwarf Galaxies
Galaxy L (L⊙) MHI (M⊙)
Segue I 340 <11
UMa II 41,000 <74
Bootes II 1,000 <38
Coma Ber 3,700 <62
Ursa Mi 280,000 <63
Draco 280,000 <133
Spitzer Cloud 400
Hydra II <200*GBT results from Spekkens et al. 2014
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GBT High-Resolution 3mm SZE in a Cluster
X-ray: ne2 Te1/2
SZE: ne Te
VLA non-thermal
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THINGS VLA SurveyWalter et al. 2008
30″ 3σ=1019.5
6″ 3σ=1020.5
HALOGAS WSRT SurveyHeald et al. 2011
15″ to NHI limit ~1019.0
120 hours per galaxy
1021.5 cm-2
1019.0 cm-2
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GBT HI
105 - 106 M⊙
Thilker et al (2004)
1018.5
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M31
M33
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M31-M33 Clouds
5x1017
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The GBT in 2016+
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ARGUS -- 8″ GBT spectroscopy at
• 16 element scalable 75-115 GHz FPA
• Stanford/CIT-JPL/UMd/Miami/NRAO
(NSF grant to Stanford)
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GBT MUSTANG - 2 (NSF grant to Univ Penn)
223 pixels>4’ FOV
35x faster than MUSTANG
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