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IMPLEMENTATIONOFLANDUSECHANGEINECOINVENT
LCADISCUSSIONFORUM3.NOVEMBER2017
Incollaborationwith
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LANDUSECHANGE:WHYISITRELEVANT?
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Landusechange
CO2
CO2CO2
CO2
Landusechange,accountsfor
nearly20%ofGHGemissions(IPCC,2007).
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LUCconsideration inexisting databases – today and10years ago
WFLDB3.3
Ecoinvent3.4
Gabi2017
AgriFootprint 3.0
Agri-BALYSE1.2
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Implementationof LUCinecoinvent
V2.2- 2007 V3.2- 2013 V3.3- 2016Scope Soybean(BR)
Palmfruitbunch(MY)
Soybean(BR),
Sugarcane(BR)
Palmfruitbunch(MY)
Allcropswithanon-Swissgeography.
Method Noconsistentmethodology
Consistentmethodology–Nemecek etal (2016)
Consistentmethodology–WFLDBMethod(QuantisadaptedversionoftheBlonk tool)
Carbonpoolsconsidered
AboveGroundBiomass(AGB)
AGB,BGB,DOM,SOC(inmineralandorganic(peat)soils)
AGB,BGB,DOM,SOCinmineralandorganic(peat)soils
Landtransformationsfrom
Primary(rain)foresttoarableland
Primaryforest,secondaryforest,shrublandandgrasslandtoarableland.
Primaryforest,secondaryforest,grasslandandperenniallandtoarableland (annualcropandperennialcrop)
è Improvementinconsistencyandcompleteness
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LANDUSECHANGE:MODELINGPRINCIPLES
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WFLDBLUCtool (Quantismodified version of the Blonk tool)
• Excel-basedtool• Providesapredefinedwayof
calculatingcountry-centricGHGemissionsfromLUC.
• ApplicableforPAS2050-1,GHGProtocol,ENVIFOODprotocol,EU-PEFguide,andFAOLEAPguidelines.
WFLDBLUCtool
WFLDBLUCtool
Country
CropFAOSTAT
EuropeanSoil Portal
IPCC2006tier 1data
Transformedland surface
LUCGHGemissions
…inWFLDBmodeling structure
Inputfields
Agriculturalstatistics
Output
Computation
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1. Howmuch ofwhichtype ofLUCisattributedtoagivencropinany country?(cropspecificorsharedresponsibility)
2. Carboninventoryfor:§ Transformation(VEG)§ Occupation(SOC)
Capabilities(Quantismodifiedversion)
WFLDBLUCtool
Country
CropFAOSTAT
EuropeanSoil Portal
IPCC2006tier 1data
Transformedland surface
LUCGHGemissions
…inWFLDBmodeling structure
Inputfields
Agriculturalstatistics
Output
Computation
WFLDBLUCtool
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Shared-responsibilityapproach
Crop-specificapproach
Landusechangeisallocatedtoallcropswhichoccupyareaè allcropswhichoccupyareacarrytheburdenoflandusechange,evenwhendecreasing.
Landusechangeisallocatedtoallcropswhichincreasedtheirareaè onlythecropswithincreasingareacarrytheburdenoflandusechange.
TwoapproachestoallocatedLUC
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Crop-specificapproach
+20years(2009-2011)
OilPalm
Rubber
Forest
30ha
20ha
50ha
45ha
15ha
40ha
+15ha
-5ha
-10ha
Referencestate(1990-1992)
Forest,50ha
Oilpalm,30ha
Countryarea
Forest,40ha
Rubber,20ha
Rubber,15ha
Oilpalm,45ha
t
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Crop-specificapproach
OilPalm
Rubber
Forest
30ha
20ha
50ha
45ha
15ha
40ha
+15ha
-5ha
-10ha
Oil palm
Proportionofpalmoilareawhichexpandedduringtimeperiod
15/45=1/3
LUCpatternsoftheexpandedarea
1/3
2/3
t
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Land transformation
CO2 N2O CH4 PM ....
Landtransformationsareconsideredfor5typesofland:
Changesinabovegroundbiomass,belowgroundbiomassanddeadorganicmatterareconsidered.
Land occupation
CO2 N2O CH4
Changesinthesoilorganiccarboninmineralandorganic(peat) soilsareconsidered.
Emissions
Carbonpoolsconsidered
Allocation of LUC
AllocationoftheLUCemissions(transformation&occupation)tothecrop.
WedistinguishbetweentwoLUCeffects
Land transformation
CO2 N2O CH4 PM ....
Landtransformationsareconsideredfor5typesofland:
Changesinabovegroundbiomass,belowgroundbiomassanddeadorganicmatterareconsidered.
Land occupation
CO2 N2O CH4
Changesinthesoilorganiccarboninmineralandorganic(peat) soilsareconsidered.
Emissions
Carbonpoolsconsidered
Allocation of LUC
AllocationoftheLUCemissions(transformation&occupation)tothecrop.
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LANDUSECHANGEIMPLEMENTATIONINECOINVENT3.4
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Structure
Crop-specificattributionofLUCpatterns
Country-specificLUCpatternpercroptype
AttributionofLUC
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Landtransforming activities produce land tenure
• Landtransformingactivities• modelstheinterventionsassociatedwithandcausedby
thetransformationofland• producelandtenure(thecommoncurrencytoaccountfor
theproductivityofland)
Land usechange, annual
crop [BR]
Transformation to, perennial land
Transformation to, perennial landTransformation to,
perennial landTransformation to, perennial land
Clear-cutting, primary forest to arable land,
annual crop [BR]M
Soybeanproduction
[BR]
M
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Landtransformation inventories
From… From… …toperennial…toannual
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Landtransformation inventories – annual crop
• Clear-cuttingofprimaryandsecondaryforest,• 80%ofAGB,BGBandDOMis
assumedtodecay.• 20%ofthevegetationisassumedto
beburned.• interventionsrequiredforthe
clearingofthearea—chainsawandbuildingmachines.
• Grassland• 100%ofthecarboninvegetationto
atmosphereasCO2.• Perennialcrop:
• 100%ofthecarboninvegetationtoatmosphereasCO2.
• Annualcrop:• Zero
From… …toannual
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Landtenure market model the country- specific LUCmix
• Localmarketforlandtenure• mixes landtenureflows
accordingtotheirrelevance• generatesacountry-specific
landtenuremix
Land usechange, annual
crop [BR]
Transformation to, perennial land
Transformation to, perennial landTransformation to,
perennial landTransformation to, perennial land
Clear-cutting, primary forest to arable land,
annual crop [BR]M
Soybeanproduction
[BR]
M
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Landuse change adds occupation impacts
• Landusechangeactivity• inputisthecountry-specificlandtenure
marketmixè amortization happenshere
• addsoccupationimpactsè lossinSOCandSOCpeat
• outputrepresentscountry-specificlandusechangeonaperhectarebasis
Land usechange, annual
crop [BR]
Transformation to, perennial land
Transformation to, perennial landTransformation to,
perennial landTransformation to, perennial land
Clear-cutting, primary forest to arable land,
annual crop [BR]M
Soybeanproduction
[BR]
M
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Local market for land use change
• Localmarketforlandusechange• linktointegrateLUCtoallcropsofrelevance
Land usechange, annual
crop [BR]
Transformation to, perennial land
Transformation to, perennial landTransformation to,
perennial landTransformation to, perennial land
Clear-cutting, primary forest to arable land,
annual crop [BR]M
Soybeanproduction
[BR]
M
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Expansionof crop activity determines attribution
Attributionoflandusechange• Whatwastheexpansionofthecropduringthe
timeperiodunderconsideration?• Expansion/Currentarea
• 12millionha/23millionha=52%
Land usechange, annual
crop [BR]
Transformation to, perennial land
Transformation to, perennial landTransformation to,
perennial landTransformation to, perennial land
Clear-cutting, primary forest to arable land,
annual crop [BR]M
Soybeanproduction
[BR]
M
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LUCmodeling inecoinvent
• ConsistentconsiderationofLUCforallcropsonaglobalscale• allcropslinktotheircountryspecific“Marketforlandusechange”(if
theycauseanyLUCaccordingtoQuantisBlonk tool)• morespecificdatacanbeconsideredè OilpalmMY
• Country-centric• propagationofLUCthroughoutdifferentcountriesarenotconsidered• morerapeseedinSwitzerlandè lessbarleyèmoredemandfor
BarleyinCanada?
• Modular:easyto• addnewtransformingactivities• traceLCIAcontributionstothecausingLUCactivities• excludefromthecalculationsor• adapttoownneeds
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2304
LANDUSECHANGECONSIDERATIONINEXISTINGLCIDATABASES
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LUCinexisting databases
WFLDB3.3
Ecoinvent3.4
Gabi2017
AgriFootprint 3.0
Agri-BALYSE1.2
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CONCLUSIONS
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Conclusion
• LUCisakeyissueè highlyrelevant,highlyuncertain!• Manyvaluechoices
• timeperiodunderconsideration(20y)andamortization(20y)• distributionofemissionthroughtime• focusoncropsandignoreotherdrivers• focusonthepast
• Furtherrefinementandextensionisneeded• integrationofforestdegradationandcountry-specificland
management• integrationofotherdrivers(soildepletion,forestry,cattlefarming,etc.)• nopropagationofLUCacrosscountryboundariesè iLUC
• …and already ongoing!• SRIproject,Brazilè regionaldisaggregation(tostate-level)and
considerationofcattlefarmingadriver
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THANKSALOTFORYOURATTENTION!
QUESTIONS?
THANKSTOVincentRossi,SebastienHumbert,XavierBengoa,&SimonGmuender
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Consideredcarbonpools
AbovegroundBiomass(AGB)
BelowgroundBiomass(BGB)
Litter
DeadWood(DW)
SoilOrganicCarbon(SOC)
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Generalconcept:Examples with realland tenure flows
Land tenure, in kg C NPP
Land use change, [MY]
Land transformation, primary forest to arable land,
[MY]
M1 [ha]10’220/20=511
[kg C NPP]511/1.022=500 [m2]
511[kg C NPP]
Land tenure, in kg C NPP
Land use change, [DE]
Land transformation,
grassland to arable land,
[DE]
M1 [ha]5’510/20=276
[kg C NPP]276/0.551=500 [m2]
276[kg C NPP]
Land tenure, in kg C NPP
Land use change, [BR]
Land transformation, primary forest to arable land,
[BR]
M1 [ha]8’110/20=406
[kg C NPP]406/0.811=500 [m2]
406[kg C NPP]