Index(E refers to suggested exercises)
Ability tests 35Abnormal behaviour 410-427Abnormality and pain 393Abortion 104,428Accents 253-254Accommodation 255-256Ach ievement motivation
209-212, 219-220 EAction planning skills 130,
138-140,438,440Acupuncture 398Administrator, professional role
of 384Adolescence 96-99, 102 E,
110, 120, 121and counselling 444and learning 226
Adoption 77-78, 106, 121Adult, child's effect on 74-75Adult learning 238 EAdvertising 323-339Affective factors, and counselling
446and learning 223-224
Age, demographic data on146-147
and learning 226Ageing 146-158, 160-162 E
-see also ElderlyAggression 96, 106, 153, 169,
451Alcoholics 107, I 13, 281Altruism 268, 404
and professional role 385
516
Anger 60, 125, 138, 140,498,499
Anorexia nervosa 198, 489Anoxia 83Anticipation of events 57Anxiety 9, 46, 55, 59, 60, 68,
139,186,190-193,224,229, 276, 278, 398, 405,410,41 I , 415, 487, 490,492, 493, 498, 499
and death 506 Ein mothers 79as a motive 208, 313and sexual performance 108
Aphasia 66Aptitude tests 35, 312Arousal 57-61, 69, 71 E, 213Asp iration, levels of 349Assertive skills 272, 444, 451Assessment 32-47, 231-232,
291-293Assimilation 256Assoc iation 185, 186, 227
and learning 240, 242Asthma 67,410,419Attention 64, 67, 69
in children 10I EAttitudes 98-99,276,329,
351change of 338 Ein institutions 482 Eto medication 408 E
Attitude tests 38-39Attractiveness, physical 226
Index
Attribution 3-4, 418Authoritarian behaviour 120,
268Autobiography, as psychological
material 174Autonomic reactivity 69Aversive learning 63, 188-190,
195Awareness, of self 168, 291,
293,303,311,312,433,435, 450
Baby battering 75Baby care 76, 105Backwardness 251-253Bales' categories of social acts
269Bargaining 340-357Bedwetting 199Behaviour, biological basis of
55-69environmental view of 187mechanistic approaches to
196models of 221-222 E
Behavioural analysis I II, 123,199, 200
Behavioural dilemmas 355Behavioural theory, and
counselling 455and negotiation 350-352
Behaviourism 206-207, 293,295, 297
Behaviour modification184-200
Beliefs, and adolescence 98-99Bereavement 120, 124, 126,
150,419,428,484-502Bioenergetics 446Biography, as psychological
material 174, 312-313Biological factors 97, 208
and behaviour 55-69Biometric genetic methods 45Birth 89,104-105,121Birth abnormalities and social
class 83-84Blood pressure 410Bloom's taxonomy of thinking
230-234
517
Body language 3 I0and emotion 71 E
Boundary roles and negotiation342
Brain chemistry 398, 413Brain disease 155-156, 410Brain studies 56-57, 63-65, 69Brain surgery 414Brainstorming techniques 139Broken home, and neurosis I 13Bureaucratization 380
Cancer 487, 489and smoking 4-5
Cardio-vascular disorder 67Career choice 212Career counselling 428, 430,
448Cattell 's personality tests
45-46Change, and counselling 447
creation of 184-200management of 120-141resistance to 476and the self I71-I 74
Child abuse I 18 EChild care 81, 467Child-child relationships 87 EChild development 73-84,
89-99, 105-106Childlessness, voluntary 104Childminders 79-80Child-parent interaction
86-87 EChildren, fatally ill 492-493
in institutions 81-82, 458language development of
239-257Children's books, moral theories
in 221-222 EChoice 340Circadian rhythms 71 EClass, social 276Classroom behaviour 197,
211-212Client-centred counselling 445Client-centred therapy 3 I6Climate, institutional 471-473Clinical psychology 174Cognitive ability 148-149, 152
Index
Cognitive approach tocounselling 445
Cognitive constructs 271Cognitive coping tasks I 28Cognitive dissonance 378Cognitive ecology 135Cognitive model 417-418Cognitive rehearsal 445Cognitive shielding techn iques
132Cognitive strategies, and dental
visits 408 Eand pain 396 . 401-402
Cognitive structure 274Cognitive tasks 140Commitment 277. 340Communication, and the media
323-339and negotiation 346-347
Communication model 309of an interview 320 E
Communication style 433Communication theory I I ICompetence. social 277-278Competition and motivation
225Computer-based matching 312Concurrent validity 33Conditioning 59-60 , 94, 177.
185, 186, 206. 233-234,240 ,416-417
Conflict 340and negotiation 343
Congruence 431Consciousness, nature of 290
privacy of 167Conservation of volume test
100 EConstraints on organizations
371Constructs, cognitive 271Construct validity 33-34Content analysis of mass media
337 EContext of an interview
319-320 EContraceptive techniques 103,
104Conversational model techniques
181-182 E
518
Cooperation and motivation225
Coping skills 128-141, 145 Eand pain 409 E
Coronary heart disease 67, 127Corporal punishment 19-20 ECorrelation coefficient 32Correlational studies 9,
18-19 ECortical arousal 58, 61, 69Counselling 174, 428-457Counselling interviews
311-312,315Creativity tests 51 ECrisis counsell ing 431 , 442-443'Cruciform effect' 384-385Cues. emotional 72 ECultural values 435Culture and adolescence 96-97
discontinuity in 120Custodialism 467Cybernetics 1II
Data collection I 0-1 IDay care for children 79Death 120,121,123,126,
127, 133, 484-502and anxiety 506 Eafter bereavement 501-502
Deception, ethical problem of512 .513
Decision making 340, 444,552-557
and stress 356-357at village council 362-363 E
Defence mechanisms 50-51 E,416
Delinquents 73and social skills training 28 I
Dementia 149,156,157Democratization of institutions
460Demographic data, on age
146-147on life expectancy 484
Denial 124, 127, 485 , 498Dentist, cogn it ive strategies and
408 EDependency and counselling
450
Index
Depersonalization in institutions115
Depression 60, 115, 124, 150,156.276.412.416.417.487. 492, 493. 498. 499
and the family 79. 107-108,113
Desensitization I90-193 , 280Design of institutions 462-463Despair 499. 500Determinism 185Developmental counselling
442-443 , 450Diagnos is 410-41 2Dialects 253-254Dilemmas 340, 341 . 355Disability 147. 150Disadvantaged children 73Discovery learning 23 E, 246Discrimination 22 EDiscrimination model of helping
433Discriminatory power of tests
34Dispute settlement 341Distress, and coping 487-489
and terminal illness 492Distributive barga ining 350-351Divorce 73 .112-113 .115.
120.121,124,133,137.428
Doctor. as counsellor 430-patient relationship 404professional role of 384and soc ial skills training 281
Double bind 4 I8Dreams 50 EDrive 207
and performance 2 I3Drugs and advertising 326-327Dyadic interaction 267Dying 486-487,494-495
Economic values 435Educational selection 47Education. and mass med ia 327
philosophy of 463Educator, counsellor as 443 ,
450Ego 169.415.420
519
Egocentric speech 268Elderly. and the family I 14-1 15
homes for 458services for 154-155-see also Ageing
Electro-convulsive therapy 414Emotion 57-60 , 268, 269, 272 ,
490correlation of 71 Eand pain 393. 408 Eand performance 30 E
Emotionality. psychophysiologicalaspects of 55
sensitivity to 64Emotional words. measuring of
71 EEmpathy 431 , 440 , 451, 488Empirical enqu iry 3Employment interviewing 307,
319 EEmployment patterns I 16Encounter groups 209Environment. and behaviour 55
and intelligence 26 Eand organizations 365
Environmental context 200,217
of inte rview 308of motivation 208of schizophrenia 4 I2of social situations 274-275,
329Environmentalism 188, 195Environmental stressors 62-63Environmental theory 171Environmental trauma 155Epilepsy 413, 414Ethical pr inciples for research
571-573Ethical problems and experiments
6-7Ethologists 69Euthanas ia 495-497Evolution 56-57. 69Existential-humanistic counselling
446Expectations 395-396
and bargaining 354-355of experimental subjects 309negative 124
Index
Experience, influence of 160,162 E
Experiments I-I 3Extraversion 46 , 49-50 E, 61 ,
224 , 272Ext rinsic motivation 225Eye movement 90, 310Eysenck 's personality tests
45-46
Face validity 33Facial expression 310
and emotion 71 EFacilitating skills 456 EFactorial description of
personality 45-47Failure, fear of 210-21 I,
220 E, 223-225Family 103-116, 117 E
and bereavement 485 , 486and the elderly 156-157and institutions 465
Family conflict 108Family planning 103-104Family therapy 110-1 12Fatally ill child 492-493Father, role of 17-18 E, 78-79Fear, of failure 210-21 I,
220 E, 223-225of unpredictability 174
Feedback 127, 129, 232, 266,269 , 278 , 309 , 311
and language learning 242Feeding schedules for babies 76Fitness programmes 135Fixed-ratio schedule 215-216Formal organizations 279-380 ,
388 EFostering 106Freudian theories, of
development 96of the unconscious 169, 296
Friendship 275-277Fulbourne psychiatric hospital
474-475'Future shock ' 136
Gagne's levels of learning 232Gastric ulcer 67
520
Gate-control theory of pain396
Gaze 266-268, 300Geneogram I 19 EGenetics and behaviour 55-57,
69Gestalt psychology 298 , 299,
446Gesture 310Goal-d irected activity 265-267,
273-274, 499Goal setting 130, 140Grammar, beliefs about 261 E
errors of 239Grendon Underwood prison
467Grief 127,137,140,488,
497-500coping with 153and old age 443
Group counsell ing 444-445Group dynamics 444
and negotiations 347Guilt 498
definit ion of I75and pain 394
Habituation 69Halo effect 31 IHandicap, stress of I07Hand icapped children 107, 444 ,
461in institutions 467parents of 103
Health care institutions 458Health visitors 430Heart rate 58, 68Hedonism 196Helping and counselling
428-457Helplessness 487-488, 492Help the Aged 453Henderson therapeutic
community 470Hereditary influence and
schizophrenia 41 2Hierarchical organizations 376Hierarchy 380
of authority 476
Index
Holmes and Rahe socialreadjustment rating scale121-122
Home-school transition 120Hoops test 220 EHopelessness 124, 497Hospitals, as bureaucracies 370
children in 73, 81-82and counselling 428, 452roles in 379structure of 367
Hypertension 67Hypnotism 9
and pain 400-40 I
Id 169Illinois Test of Psycholingu istic
Ability 261 EIllness, after bereavement
501-502psychology of 419-420stress of 107
Illness behaviour 56Imitation and learning 95-96Incentives 323Individual assessment of the
elderly 155Individual counselling 443Individual differences 60-62,
101 EIndividual psychotherapy 445Industrial dispute, reconstruction
of 361 Etracking 360 E
Industrial negotiation 342-343Industrial psychology 302-303,
365Industry , counselling in 428Influence, and decision making
352and power 355
Informal organizations379-380, 388 E
Information, and decision making352
and the professions 332Information processing 69Inhibition 169, 228, 229Innovation and communication
333
521
IQ. testability of 44-45measurement of 49 E
Institutional cultures 153, 154,458-476, 480-483 E
Institutional neurosis 460Institution design of 462-463
and the elderly I 15Integrative bargaining 350-351Intelligence 23 E, 55, 61, 272
assessment of 32-47,92,231-232, 291-292
inheritance of 73Intelligence tests 35, 39-45, 92Interaction 272. 275
failure of 268and the family 118-119 Eobservation of 285 E
Interest tests 38Interference 228Inter-group attitudes 458Interpersonal skills 268. 271,
288-289,309,442Interpersonal Process Recall
433Interpretation and decision
making 352-355Interview, and professional
worker 388 Etransition 144-145 E
Interviewing 287-303,306-317,319 E, 320 E
Interviewing skills 88 EInterview plan 319 EIntonation 256Intrinsic motivation 225Introspection 21 E. 182-183 EIntroversion 49-50 E, 61, 170,
224and age 150
Job change counselling 445Job description 307Job interviewing 306 . 312-315,
319 EJob motivation 220-221 EJob satisfaction 209Job seeking 308Judgement 22 E
in interviews 3 I0
Index
laboratory, social skills training279
language, and meaning 26-27 Eand social class 74symbolic nature of 293, 295
language development inchildren 80, 86-87 E,239-257,260-261 E
'law of Requisite Variety ' 374learned helplessness 489learner, nature of 223-229 ,
237 Elearning 55, 65, 233-234
biolog ical potential for 187cognitive 193-195effectiveness of 229Gagne 's levels of 232
learning theory I71le isure activity I 16, 146lexical forms 245lexis 239life crisis 500
and illness 419-420life expectancy 484life skills 438 , 450-451 , 452life span perspective 147-148life sty le, and the media 339 E
and old age 160-162 Eand personality I50- I5 I
limbic system 64lingu istic structure 240longitud inal studies 20 Elong-term memory 227, 228loss 123, 154,487,488,497,
499
Machine bureaucracy 370Malingering 395Management 365,367,
381-383and counselling 430 ,445in institu tions 468professional role of 384and social skills training 281
Manwatching 72 EMarital conflict 109-1 10,
112-113Marketing 323Marriage 120, 123, 127
522
Marriage guidance counsellors428, 430, 453
Maslow's hierarchy of needs208-209 ,221 E
Massage and relaxation 136,137
Mass med ia 323-339consumption pattern of
339 Econtent analysis of 337 E
Maternal deprivation 81Meaning, criteria of 309
of words 26-27 E, 71 Erange of 26 I Esearch for 125
Medical model ofpsychopathology 41 1-415
Medication, attitudes towards408 E
Memory 55, 57, 64, 65, 69experiments in 237 Eand learning 223,227-229,
232Memory training 228Mental hand icap 414 , 463Mental hospitals 458 , 461 ,
463-464, 473Microcounselling 433Mind, soc ial antecedents of
293-295Mintzberg's analysis of
organizations 366-371,380
Miscarriage 104Mixed ability teaching 21 IModels, of behaviour
221-222Eof helping 432-453and knowledge 2, I 1and language learning 240,
241,247,279,382Monetary incentive var iables
209Monitoring of the self 174-175Mood, sens itivity to 64Mood tests 37-38Moos' Ward Atmosphere Scale
471-472Morality 169
and behaviour 221-222 E
Index
and professional role 384Morphemes 244 . 246, 256Mortality risk after bereavement
501-502Mother-baby units 82Mother-child inte ractions
75-77, 89-90 , 245-246.260-261 E
'Mo the r' s instinct' 105Motivation 57-59,65,
206-222, 232, 267, 288 .490
and informat ion 331and interv iews 3 16and learning 223-225and pain 396and performance 30 Eand professional role 385
Mot ivation tests 37-38Motor behaviour, disorders of
64Motor skills training 266 , 267Multiple cho ice questions 231,
232Muscle tension 58Mutual gaze 300
nAch 209-212, 217Nature-nurture hypothesis
18 ENeeds, Maslow's theory of
208-209, 221 ENegative expectations I24Negotiation 340-357Neuronal models 65Neurophysiology 68
and pain 296Neurosis 186.187,410,411 ,
415inst itutional 460psychophysiology of 69and social skills training 280
Neurosurgery 64Neuroticism 46Neurotic paradox 417Non-directive counselling 316Non-verbal behaviour 242 , 250 ,
267,269 ,271 ,273,276 ,278, 296, 299, 310 , 492,495
523
Non-verbal tests 41Normative statements I5 ENurse-patient interaction 475Nurseries 466
Obedience 29 1Objective scoring 32Objective tests 36-37 , 231Occupational guidance 306,
311-312Occupational interest guides
312Occupational therapist, role set
of 379Old age-see Ageing, ElderlyOperant cond itioning 233-234.
240 . 267Opinions, social basis of 329Organizational behaviour
365-385Organization-change consultant
451Orientation and age ISO, 153Outcomes of interviews 322 E
Pain 60,393-405,488.489,493 , 495, 499
sensitivity to 64and terminal illness 491
Paraprofessional helpers 430Parent-child inte ractions 86-87
E, 105-106, 223Parents, behaviour of 56 ,
79-80, 127counselling 428needs of 103
Participant observation 285 E.288, 300 , 301
Pastoral counselling 428Pavlov's conditioning 59,
206-207,416-417Penal institutions 458Perception, deve lopment of 90
of discontinuity 121disorders of 64
Perceptual defence 378Performance, and drive
230-231psychologica l factors and
29-30 E
Index
Performance IQ 40, 41Performative utterances 268Permissiveness, in institutions
460Personal awareness 123Personal competence 450Personal construct system 171Personality 172, 176
and assessment 32-47and learning 224and life style 150-1 51and old age 160-1 61 Eand pain 393-395
Personality scales 61Personality tests 35Personal space 3 I0Person and role I76-1 77Personnel officers as counsellors
430Person perception 265,
272-273Perspective, of observer
288-290Persuasion 265, 268
and the media 329-330Philosophy of education 463Phobia 60,187,191-193,215,
415,417Phonemes 244Phonology 239, 255, 256Physical attractiveness 276Physical cues 272Physical growth and learning
223Physical handicap, and the elderly
152, 155institutions for 470and stress 410
Physiological mechanisms 55, 69Physiology and behaviour
63-69Physiotherapy and mass media
327Plaget's theories 91-92, 302Pilot studies 315Play 93,101, lOS, 136Poverty and advertising
324-326Power, balance of 342
and innuence 355
524
Pragmatics 239,257Predictive validity 33Pregnancy 105,212
reaction to 104, I 18 EPrejudice 435
in interviewing 31 IPremature babies 104-105Pre-menstrual tension 187Preventive medicine 327Priests, as counsellors 430Prison, location of 461Prisoners, social skills and 281Privacy, of consciousness 167
encroachment on 423, 512Proactive behaviour 13I,
139Probation hostel 467Problem solving 91-92, 313Professional roles 370,
384-385, 388 E, 430Professions, and mass media
332-334Programmed learning 233-234,
238 EProjective tests 37Propensity, for acting 217Psychiatric disorders, in old age
152and pain 394
Psychiatric hospitals 423-424 E,475-476
Psychiatric hostels, rules in463-464
Psychiatry 69Psychoanalysis I I I, I60-16 I,
199,296and child rearing 8 Iand counselling 445
Psychodynamic theory415-416,420
and pain 393Psycholinguistics 257Psychological approaches to pain
399-404Psychometric models 47Psychopathology 410-427Psychosexual counselling 428Psychosomatic illness 66-67,
410Psychosynthesis 446
Index
Psychotherapy 170. 174, 178,209,280.316,431-433 .446
Psychoticism 46, 280, 410Psychotropic drugs 397Pulse rate, and arousal 71 EPunctuality 229Punishment 189, 394Pupil-teacher relations 463,
471Purposes 168
Questionnaires, personality 36
Race, and effective counselling432
Rational Emotive Therapy 134,194-195,445
Rationality and dec ision making353-355
'Rational man' 341Reality, acceptance of 125Reality orientation 156, 445,
460'Received Pronunciation'
253-254Recognition and recall 227-228Recreation I22Redundancy 137Redundancy counselling 428.
445Re-evaluation counselling 446Rehabilitation 460, 467Rehabilitation wards 464Reinforcement 28-29 E,
94-95, 196-198, 202-204E, 207 , 215-216, 233 , 241,267, 275-276
and pain 395Relationship-building skills 430,
440Relaxation training 136,
204-205 EReliability 32-33
of int erview 291-292Religion, declining influence of
77Relocation, adjustment to 152Repertory gr id 425-427 ERepression 41 5
525
Research, ethical principles for6,511-514
Research interview 306 , 310 ,315
Response patterns, inheritance of56
Retirement 121.137,153Retirement counselling 428Revision 229Reward, effects of 202-204 E,
220 E, 229 , 233, 341and pain 395-396and punishment 188, 196,
198, 199, 240-242, 267Reynell Development Language
Scales 261 ERitual 28 ERole play 265, 269, 278-281,
294, 295 , 31 I , 313 , 316,320-321 E, 444, 456-457E, 507-508 E
Roles 176-177,274in organizations 376-379professional 384-385, 388 Eof women I5-16 E
Routines, social 269Rules of behav iour 265, 267
in institutions 463-464of social situations 274
Samaritans 453Schizophrenia 410, 412-413 ,
417,418and the family 107-108
School curriculum 24-25 ESchools, counsellors in 428,
430social skills training in 281structure of 367
School-work transition 120Scientific method I-I 3Seating arrangements in
institutions 463Selection interview 302 , 303SeK, change in 171-176
continuity of I68social antecedents of
293-295Self-assessment of social
competence 285-286 E
Index
Self-awareness 293. 303. 311 .312.433-435.450
Self-characterization 180-181 ESelf-confidence 290Self-consciousness 168, 294Self-disclosure 276-277Self-empowerment 435-438.
446 , 448-450Self-esteem 208 , 209. 224,
225 .276.416.418.444.473
of mothers 79and old age 153-154.
161-162 ESelf-help 133. 139.404Self-instructional material 308Self-knowledge 167-178Self-perception I 12, 314,
321-322 E. 496Self-presentation 308Self-reports 265 . 298. 299 ,
425 ESemantics 239. 255. 257Semiotic structure 274Sensitivity of parents 80. 87 ESensitivity training group 209.
445Sensitization. covert 195Sensory deficit and old age
162-163 ESensory input and pain 393 . 396Seven-Point Plan. as an interview
technique 313-3 15Sex. and counselling 432
and learning 226Sex differences 93. 101 ESex roles 15-16 E. 221-222 ESexual behaviour 108-109.
169,186,195.271.277in institutions 464
Sexual performance 108. 121Shock 498. 499Shop floor counselling 430. 446Short-term memory 153. 227Single-parent family 78-79.
113-115Situations. rules of 273-274Skills. coping I28-141
development of 90-91 . 435 .450. 452
526
expectations 308social 265-282standardization of 366tests of 312
Skin resistance 68Skinnerian theory 215-217.
233-234Sleep-wakefulness continuum
69Small group research 265Smoking and cancer 4-5Social acts. Bales' categories of
269Social anthropology 288, 30 ISocial behaviour 56. 76-77.
265-282, 458. 501Social class 276
and birth abnormalities 83-84and language 74
Social comparison 395. 396Social competence 277-278.
285-286 ESocial distance. staff-client
468-469Social environment 329Social factors and adolescence
97-98. 102 ESocial function of language
242-243Socialization 73-77.79 ,87 ESocial judgement and negotiation
345Social psychology of institutions
469Social readjustment rating scale
121-122Social reality I I5Social reinforcement I I I.
202-204 ESocial security. abuses of 326Social service institutions 458
and counselling 428 . 430 .452 . 453
Social skills 265-282. 308. 31 ISocial Survey 3 I5Social values 435Social workers 430Socio-cultural model of
psychopathology 418-419Sociofugal seating 463
Index
Sociolinguistics 239 , 257Solicitors, as counsellors 430Somatic therapy for pain
397-398Sorting test 100 ESpeech 295Speech disorders 64Sport, psychological factors and
29-30 EStaff-client social distance
468-469in inst itu t ions 444-468-pupil ratios 471
Stage model of terminal illness494
Standard English 253-254Statistical model of
psychopathology 41 5Statistics 12-1 3Stereotypes 114,125,134,
276,310Sterilization 104Stimulus-response psychology
171, 185, 207Strain , management of 128,
139Strategy and negotiation 341Stress 123,127,129,131
in adolescence I I0of bereavement 485coping with 55, 132and decision making 356-357environmental 62-63ethical problems and 5 I2,
513and the family 78, 106-107and fitness I35and illness 410and pregnancy I 18 E
Student counselling 428Study habits 223,229 ,237 EStudy problems 456-457 ESuicide 107,113,137,498Summerhill 466Supe~ego 169,415Superstition 28 ESupervision in organizations
366Support, ideological underpinning
of 432
527
Surgery, cognitive strategies and403
Surgical procedures for pain398
Symbols and language 293and pain 393
Symptoms of grief 499Syndrome 41 ISynectics 139Syntax 239, 241 , 245 , 257System change 429Systems view of indust rial
negotiation 342-343
T-groups 280Task performance 69Teaching, and counselling
429-431, 450and learn ing 223-234and social skills training 281
Teaching style 173Teaching syntax 261 ETechnocrats 375Technological development,
social consequences of 450Technostructure 367, 370 , 382Television 323Temperament tests 36Tension headache 67Terminal illness 484-502Test construction 32-47,
51-52ETests, and assessment 292, 293
psychological 32-47Thematic apperception
219-220 ETherapeutic community
459-461, 467 , 481 ETherapeutic goals 445Therapy, family 1I0-1 I2Thinking, Bloom's taxonomy of
230-231Thought stopping 193-194Tissue damage 393Total institution 459-461Toxicity stud ies 6-7Tracking an indust rial dispute
360 ETrade unions, counselling in 445
professional roles in 384
Index
Trained mind 24-25 ETraining, coping styles 140- 141
counselling 433motor skills 266role of parents in 103social skills 265-282
Trait theory 170, 172,214-215
Transactional analysis 445Transcendental Meditation 136Transitions I 20-141 ,
143-144 ETrauma, environmental 195Truants and counselling 448
Ulcers 411Unconditional positive regard
431Unconscious, Freudian portrait
of 169, 296Unemployment counsell ing 448Un iforms, in institutions 469Un ivers ities, structure of 367Utterances 268
Validity 33-34Value-free help 438Values clarification 13 IValues, cultural 435Vasectomy 104
528
Verba l communication 243 ,267-269 ,271,310,492
Verba llQ 40Verba l responses and
reinforcement 202-204 EVerbal skills 92, 280Verbal st imulation 106Village council , decision making
at 362-363 EViolence, and the family
109-110and pain 394
Visual aids and teaching 227
Wage bargaining encounter361 E
Ward Atmosphere Scale471-473
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale306, 316
Welfare and advertising324-326
Well.be ing 106-107and age 151-152
wise 40Work behaviour 56Work process 366Work targets, realistic 229
Youth Employment Service 453Youth workers, as counsellors
430