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KM and Semantic Web
Anuj Nanavati
Objective
• Introduction
• Semantic Web components
• Framework for KM on semantic Web
• Impacts of semantic Web on KM
• Technologies– RDF
• Discussion
Semantic Web
• “The Semantic Web is a project that intends to create a universal medium for information exchange by giving meaning (semantics), in a manner understandable by machines, to the content of documents on the Web. It extends the ability of the Web through the use of standards, markup languages and related processing tools”. – wikipedia
• Thought up by Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the WWW, URIs, HTTP, and HTML
• An extension to the current Web• Currently under control of w3c
Semantic Web Components
• Expressing meaning
• Knowledge representation
• Ontologies
• Agents
Expressing Meaning
• Today's Web is for people not for computers• Document for people and information for agents• In semantic Web Information is given well-
defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation
• Anything can link to anything, no limitations on content and information
• Decentralized ???
Knowledge Representation
• Access to – Structured collection of information – Sets of inference rules
• Automated reasoning• Semantic Web to provide a language for
expressing data and rules for reasoning about the data
• Describing complex Web objects without tricking agents
Ontologies
• Document that defines relation among terms• Taxonomy
– Classes and subclasses of objects– Relation among them
• Inference rules to express relation• Meaning of terms on a Web page can be defined
by pointers from the page to an ontology• Answer indirect complicated questions
Agents
• Software programs• Transfer semantic data among themselves• Service discovery through common
unifying language– Exchanging ontologies– Bootstraping by discovering new ontologies
• Services – Trusted: proofs, digital signatures– searching
Framework for KM on the Semantic Web
Impact of Semantic Web on KM
• Coordination between knowledge and workings of humans with software agents
• Precision in searching for knowledge– Indexing using ontology-based statements
• Problem relevant knowledge retrieval
• Joining various subcultures ???
How?
• XML: Extensible markup language– Basic doc structure with no semantic– Structure to the data
• RDF: Resource description framework
• RSS: Really simple syndication
• URI: Uniform resource identifier
• DAML: DARPA agent markup language
• vCal and vCard
Resource Description Framework - RDF
• Representing information about resources • Language for ontologies• Any resource – not only content• Resources represented by URIs• 3 structural part of a RDF statement
– Subject– Object– Predicate: relation
• “The article is authored by the author”
Article URL Authorauthored-by
Discussion Questions
• Role of AI in semantic Web
• Issues – Security– Privacy– Intellectual property
• Need for humans?