SMART Cities:ConceptIts not so generic

2

Smart City Architecture» Multitier architecture comprising of 4 layers:1. User Layer2. Service Layer3. Infrastructure Layer4. Data Layer

3

Types of Cities:1. Web or Virtual City2. Knowledge-based City3. Broadband City4. Mobile or Ambient City5. Digital City6. Smart or Intelligent City7. Ubiquitous City8. Eco City

4

Key Areas:

Smart CitySmart City

Smart EnergySmart Energy

Open DataOpen DataSmart TransportSmart Transport5

Implementation Challenges

6

Smart EnergySmart EnergyData ConfidentialityData Confidentiality

Data UsageData Usage

Access ControlsAccess ControlsTamper Resistance and Non-repudiation

Tamper Resistance and Non-repudiation

AvailabilityAvailability

Transparent Auditing & VerifiabilityTransparent Auditing & Verifiability

7

Smart TransportSmart TransportTraffic Safety & AccidentsTraffic Safety & Accidents

ScalabilityScalability

Seamless ServicesSeamless Services Heterogeneity Heterogeneity

VolatilityVolatility

Secure PositioningSecure Positioning

8

Open DataOpen Data

AccuracyAccuracy

TrustTrust

Adverse Effect on Open GovernmentAdverse Effect on Open Government AccessibilityAccessibility

Unintentional Privacy ViolationUnintentional Privacy Violation

Violating LegislationViolating Legislation

9

Risk Assessment

10

Risk Matrix:Risk = Impact (Severity of threat) X Likelihood (Probability of the risk)

11

Likelihood/Impact Extreme 5 Major 4 Moderate 3 Minor 2 Insignificant 1Almost Certain 5 25 20 15 10 5Probable 4 20 16 12 8 4Possible 3 15 12 9 6 3Unlikely 2 10 8 6 4 2Rare 1 5 4 3 2 1

12

05

10152025

Smart Energy Risk factor

13

05

10152025

Smart Transport Risk factor

14

05

10152025

Smart Data Risk Factor

Cost vs. Control

15

» The possibility of occurrence of a security event is inversely proportional to the expenditure justified for ISMS control. » Sensor Networks forms the base of a smart city.» Software patch management for sensor networks is a daunting task.» IDS/IPS as a first line of defense for sensor networks is challenging.

16

Conclusion: Cyber-attacks , Malware and Availability are the major threats for a smart city Applying controls to the network and communication technologies is the most cost intensive countermeasure strategy Smart energy is most vulnerable with most of the threats posing high risk to the assets

17