Download - Modeling Biomass Pile Management
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Modeling Biomass Piles for Pile Management
Wasim Faizal, E.I.T., M.Eng
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Team
Dr. Suzanne Wetzel,NRCan, Canadian Wood Fibre Center,[email protected]
Prof. Sally Krigstin, UofT, Department of [email protected]
Janet Damianopoulos, NRCan, Canadian Wood Fibre [email protected]
Wasim Faizal, NRCan, Canadian Wood Fibre [email protected]
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What is pile management?
Nobody Really Knows
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Why Do We Need It?
Build up of heat within a pileCan lead to localized fires
Want to understand how much CO2 a pile releases Want to know if better storage practices can
improve quality of feed
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Picture Reference: https://imgflip.com/memegenerator/Boardroom-Meeting-Suggestion
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-30 C
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Current Practices
Turning the piles to dissipate heat at fixed periods Random temperature measurements Managing pile geometry Compost Piles: controlling oxygen levels
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Why does a pile heat up?
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Factors Influencing Heat build up
Biological - bacteria/living woody tissue Chemical - oxidation reactions Physical - evaporation / condensation of water
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Can we predict temperature rise within a pile?
Why? To understand when a new pile might get too hotTo know when to release heat
How?Requires knowledge of specific wood properties Requires mathematical models
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Application Heat and Mass Transfer concepts
Mass Build up = Mass Flow in – Mass Flow out +/- Reaction
Heat Build up = Heat Flow in – Heat Flow out +/- Reaction
Dispersion of mass through diffusion (Fick’s Law) Dispersion of heat through conduction (Fourier
Law of Heat Conduction)
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Reactor Analogy
Mass inMass out
Heat inHeat out
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Modeling Biological Growth
Biological growth = Bacteria in – Bacteria out + Rate of Growth -growth factor (sugars)
-bacterial concentrationEquation Reference: F. Ferrero et al. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22 (2009) 439-448
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Modeling Oxygen Consumption
Heat released per mole of oxygen consumed /6)(1-efficiency)
Equation Reference: F. Ferrero et al. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22 (2009) 439-448
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Modeling Oxygen Consumption (cont.)
Oxygen consumption is used to predict heat released by bacteria.
( ) - oxycalorific coefficient (heat released per
molecule of oxygen consumed)
Equation Reference: F. Ferrero et al. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22 (2009) 439-448
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Why use Oxygen consumption to estimate heat?
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Modeling Other Heat Sources
Model the decomposition of wood as a first order chemical reaction
Use the rate of decomposition with the enthalpy of decomposition to determine heat released
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Temperature Modeling
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Modeling
Impossible to solve analytically Multi-dimensional problem Use COMSOL or MATLAB to determine a
numerical solution set
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Current Results
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Model Improvement
Add growth limiting factors for bacteriaMoisture content Temperature limitsOxygen content
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Collaboration to Monitor Data
Data Expertise: NRCan UofT Equipment Expertise: Braingrid
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Monitoring Temperatures
Previous temperature monitoring failedTemperature loggers caught fire
Braingrid provides a wireless sensor monitoring tool Monitor and log data to a remote server Data is accessible from any location
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Sentroller
The Sentroller acts as a data hub. It is capable of capturing
information from any sensor Relays that information to a remote
location off-site
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Goals
Determine accuracy of the model (other data sets) Work being conducted at PAMI to prepare new
biomass piles Use model to determine best practices for various
biomass types Develop a CSA standard for managing a pile
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Summary
It is possible to model biomass conditions Currently working on improving and verifying the
model Enables us to determine practices to increase
efficiency and reduce cost
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Questions?