modeling biomass pile management
TRANSCRIPT
Modeling Biomass Piles for Pile Management
Wasim Faizal, E.I.T., M.Eng
Team
Dr. Suzanne Wetzel,NRCan, Canadian Wood Fibre Center,[email protected]
Prof. Sally Krigstin, UofT, Department of [email protected]
Janet Damianopoulos, NRCan, Canadian Wood Fibre [email protected]
Wasim Faizal, NRCan, Canadian Wood Fibre [email protected]
What is pile management?
Nobody Really Knows
Why Do We Need It?
Build up of heat within a pileCan lead to localized fires
Want to understand how much CO2 a pile releases Want to know if better storage practices can
improve quality of feed
Picture Reference: https://imgflip.com/memegenerator/Boardroom-Meeting-Suggestion
-30 C
Current Practices
Turning the piles to dissipate heat at fixed periods Random temperature measurements Managing pile geometry Compost Piles: controlling oxygen levels
Why does a pile heat up?
Factors Influencing Heat build up
Biological - bacteria/living woody tissue Chemical - oxidation reactions Physical - evaporation / condensation of water
Can we predict temperature rise within a pile?
Why? To understand when a new pile might get too hotTo know when to release heat
How?Requires knowledge of specific wood properties Requires mathematical models
Application Heat and Mass Transfer concepts
Mass Build up = Mass Flow in – Mass Flow out +/- Reaction
Heat Build up = Heat Flow in – Heat Flow out +/- Reaction
Dispersion of mass through diffusion (Fick’s Law) Dispersion of heat through conduction (Fourier
Law of Heat Conduction)
Reactor Analogy
Mass inMass out
Heat inHeat out
Modeling Biological Growth
Biological growth = Bacteria in – Bacteria out + Rate of Growth -growth factor (sugars)
-bacterial concentrationEquation Reference: F. Ferrero et al. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22 (2009) 439-448
Modeling Oxygen Consumption
Heat released per mole of oxygen consumed /6)(1-efficiency)
Equation Reference: F. Ferrero et al. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22 (2009) 439-448
Modeling Oxygen Consumption (cont.)
Oxygen consumption is used to predict heat released by bacteria.
( ) - oxycalorific coefficient (heat released per
molecule of oxygen consumed)
Equation Reference: F. Ferrero et al. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22 (2009) 439-448
Why use Oxygen consumption to estimate heat?
Modeling Other Heat Sources
Model the decomposition of wood as a first order chemical reaction
Use the rate of decomposition with the enthalpy of decomposition to determine heat released
Temperature Modeling
Modeling
Impossible to solve analytically Multi-dimensional problem Use COMSOL or MATLAB to determine a
numerical solution set
Current Results
Model Improvement
Add growth limiting factors for bacteriaMoisture content Temperature limitsOxygen content
Collaboration to Monitor Data
Data Expertise: NRCan UofT Equipment Expertise: Braingrid
Monitoring Temperatures
Previous temperature monitoring failedTemperature loggers caught fire
Braingrid provides a wireless sensor monitoring tool Monitor and log data to a remote server Data is accessible from any location
Sentroller
The Sentroller acts as a data hub. It is capable of capturing
information from any sensor Relays that information to a remote
location off-site
Goals
Determine accuracy of the model (other data sets) Work being conducted at PAMI to prepare new
biomass piles Use model to determine best practices for various
biomass types Develop a CSA standard for managing a pile
Summary
It is possible to model biomass conditions Currently working on improving and verifying the
model Enables us to determine practices to increase
efficiency and reduce cost
Questions?