Download - Phonetic Chart
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM1
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM2
THE ENGLISH SOUND SYSTEM
PHONEMES
24 CONSONANTS
20 VOWELS
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
Short Vowel SoundsShort Vowel Sounds
/ɪ/ (ship)
bin
pin
sit
/ɪ/ (ship)
bin
pin
sit
/e/ (pen)
pen
ten
bell
/e/ (pen)
pen
ten
bell
/æ/ (man)
pan
man
bag
/æ/ (man)
pan
man
bag
/ʌ / (cup)
cup
hut
bun
/ʌ / (cup)
cup
hut
bun
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
Short Vowel SoundsShort Vowel Sounds
/ə/ (a camera)
a camera
a glass
a book
/ə/ (a camera)
a camera
a glass
a book
/ɒ/ (clock)
hot
cot
top
/ɒ/ (clock)
hot
cot
top
/ʊ/ (book)
book
cook
look
/ʊ/ (book)
book
cook
look
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
ConsonantsConsonants
/p/ (pen)
pen
pencil
paper
/p/ (pen)
pen
pencil
papervoiceless
/b/ (baby)
bin
box
bear
/b/ (baby)
bin
box
bearvoiced
/t/ (tin)
tin
tail
ten
/t/ (tin)
tin
tail
tenvoiceless
/d/ (door)
door
duck
doll
/d/ (door)
door
duck
dollvoiced
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
ConsonantsConsonants
/k/ (key)
car
cup
cat
/k/ (key)
car
cup
catvoiceless
/f/ (fin)
fin
five
four
/f/ (fin)
fin
five
fourvoiceless
/g/ (girl)
goat
girl
glass
/g/ (girl)
goat
girl
glassvoiced
/v/ (van)
van
vase
veil
/v/ (van)
van
vase
veil voiced
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
ConsonantsConsonants
/θ/ (thin)
thin
thumb
thick
/θ/ (thin)
thin
thumb
thickvoiceless
/ð/ (than)
they
there
those
/ð/ (than)
they
there
thosevoiced
/s/ (sun)
sun
sit
sand
/s/ (sun)
sun
sit
sandvoiceless
/z/ (zoo)
zoo
zip
zebra
/z/ (zoo)
zoo
zip
zebravoiced
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
ConsonantsConsonants
/h/ (hat)
hill
heel
hand
/h/ (hat)
hill
heel
hand voiceless
/m/ (mouth)
me
met
moon
/m/ (mouth)
me
met
moonvoiced
/n/ (nose)
nose
nine
noise
/n/ (nose)
nose
nine
noisevoiced
/l/ (letter)
low
light
line
/l/ (letter)
low
light
linevoiced
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
ConsonantsConsonants
/r/ (wrong)
right
red
rose
/r/ (wrong)
right
red
rosevoiced
/j/ (yellow)
yolk
yam
yes
/j/ (yellow)
yolk
yam
yesvoiced
/w/ (window)
we
wheel
wet
/w/ (window)
we
wheel
wetvoiced
/ʒ/ (television)
television
treasure
garage
/ʒ/ (television)
television
treasure
garagevoiced
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM10
ConsonantsConsonants
/ʃ/ (shoe)
she
shoe
ship
/ʃ/ (shoe)
she
shoe
shipvoiceless
/tʃ/ (cherry)
chips
chin
cherry
/tʃ/ (cherry)
chips
chin
cherryvoiceless
/dʒ/ (jam)
jam
jeep
jar
/dʒ/ (jam)
jam
jeep
jarvoiced
/ŋ/ (ring)
wing
thing
wrong
/ŋ/ (ring)
wing
thing
wrongvoiced
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
Long MonophthongsLong Monophthongs
/i:/ (sheep)
heel
peel
leek
/i:/ (sheep)
heel
peel
leek
/ɜ:/ (girl)
bird
turn
burn
/ɜ:/ (girl)
bird
turn
burn
/u :/ (boot)
pool
root
tooth
/u :/ (boot)
pool
root
tooth
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
Long MonophthongsLong Monophthongs
/ɔ:/ (ball)
port
fork
tall
/ɔ:/ (ball)
port
fork
tall
/a:/ (heart)
march
card
barn
/a:/ (heart)
march
card
barn
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
DiphthongsDiphthongs
/eɪ/ (tail)
tail
pain
wait
/eɪ/ (tail)
tail
pain
wait
/aɪ/ (fine)
buy
tie
kite
/aɪ/ (fine)
buy
tie
kite
/ɔɪ/ (boy)
oil
coin
toy
/ɔɪ/ (boy)
oil
coin
toy
/aʊ/ (house)
cow
bow
brow
/aʊ/ (house)
cow
bow
brow
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
DiphthongsDiphthongs
/əʊ/ (phone)
float
coat
boat
/əʊ/ (phone)
float
coat
boat
/ɪə/ (beer)
ear
tear
dear
/ɪə/ (beer)
ear
tear
dear
/eə/ (chair)
air
pear
hair
/eə/ (chair)
air
pear
hair
/ ʊə / (sure)
sure
pure
cure
/ ʊə / (sure)
sure
pure
cure
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
Phonics
• an approach to teaching reading• aims at building foundational skills
in beginning readers• use of phonics depends on the
practitioners’ beliefs about reading
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
Good Phonics Instruction should:
a. develop the alphabetic principle – the notion that letters in words stand for specific sounds
b. develop phonological awareness – recognition of sounds in spoken words (phoneme awareness)
c. provide a sound grounding in the letters – learning the shapes and names of letters
d. provide sufficient practice in reading words – in isolation or in context
e. lead automatic word recognition – phonics instruction is not the end but the means to help children read words automatically
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KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM
Phoneme : /s/
Grapheme : s
ssc
1. Form a cobra head with your hand.2. Trace the letter ‘s’ in the air and, say s…
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Phoneme : /æ/
Grapheme : a
Imagine a spider crawling up your arm and say eh…
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Phoneme : /t/
Grapheme : t
Tap two fingers on the desk and say t…
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Phoneme : /p/
Grapheme : p
Place four fingers in front of your mouth and say p…
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Phoneme : /ɪ/
Grapheme : i
Show your teeth and say e.
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Phoneme : /n/
Grapheme : n
Touch the tip of your nose and say n…
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Phoneme : /m/
Grapheme :
m
Lick an ice-cream and say m…
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Phoneme : /d/
Grapheme : d
Drumming action and say d…
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Phoneme : /g/
Grapheme : g
1. You are cold, clutch your hands and shiver2. Say ggg
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Phoneme : /ɒ/
Grapheme : o
Draw a small circle (anti clockwise) in the air and say o
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Phoneme : /k/
Grapheme : ck
ck
Action of flying a kite and say k
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Phoneme : /e/
Grapheme : e
Walk like an elephant and say eh
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uh
Phoneme : /ʌ/
Grapheme : u
Look up and say uh
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Phoneme : /r/
Grapheme : r
Be a lion and say rrr
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Phoneme : /h/
Grapheme : h
1. Place your palm in front of your mouth.2. Laugh haha
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Phoneme : /b/
Grapheme : b
Action of balloon bursting and say b…
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Phoneme : /f/
Grapheme : fff
Action of bird flying and say f…
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Phoneme : /l/
Grapheme : lll
Raise both arms upright and say ll..
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Phoneme : /dʒ/
Grapheme : gj
Jump and say j.
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Phoneme : /v/
Grapheme : v
Show the peace sign and say v.
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Phoneme : /w/
Grapheme : w
Join two peace signs and say w.
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Phoneme : /ks/ /gz/
Grapheme : x
Cross your hands and say ks..
Slash ‘x’ and say gz..
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KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM45
Phoneme : /j/
Grapheme : y
Nod and say yeh
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Phoneme : /z/
Grapheme : zzz
Trace ‘z’ in the air and say z..
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Phoneme : /kw/
Grapheme :
qu
Action of a duck flapping its wings once and say qua
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KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM49
Phoneme : / tʃ /
Grapheme :
ch
1. Action of a moving train with both arms 2. Say ch.
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Phoneme : /ʃ /
Grapheme :
sh
Finger on the lips and say sh..
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Phoneme : / θ/voiceless
Phoneme : / ð/voiced
Grapheme :
th
Show the thumb and say th.
Point with the thumb and say th.
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Phoneme : /ŋ /
Grapheme :
ng
Action of mosquito buzzing around ears and say ng….
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KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM54
cat mat
bat rat
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM55
hat sat
pat
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM56
rat and cat
cat and bat
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM57
hat and mat
pat a cat
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM58
a mat
a cat on a mat
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a rat on a mat
a bat on a mat
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a hat on a mata cat and a rat on a mat
a cat, a bat and a rat on a mat
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High Frequency Words
Decodable Not Decodable
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIABAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN KURIKULUM62
Decodable Words :
Phonetically decodable words should be taught according to the principle of saying sounds in a word in the order in which they occur.
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Not Decodable Words :
Some words are not decodable using the grapheme-phoneme correspondence. They are also called tricky words.
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Tricky Words :
thetoInogointo
youtheyallaremyherheshe
wemebewas
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Tricky Words :
saidhavelikesodosomecome
weretherelittleonewhenoutwhatoh
theirpeopleMrMrslookedcalledaskedcould
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Regina Joseph CyrilEnglish Language
03-8884 2088