PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION
CIVIL SOCIETY INITIATIVES
Dr. Samuel Paul
Public Affairs Centre
Bangalore, India
ADB Regional Seminar on Good Practices
Macau, China
March 25-26, 2009
Corruption Prevention
Major Barriers
Elite capture and collusion in
Government
Government failure to inform citizens
Failure to enact needed laws
Systemic flaws in politics
Civil society’s weaknesses
Current Initiatives
Empowerment through information
Citizen Report Cards (CRC) on
public services
E- Governance
CITIZEN REPORT CARD (CRC)
Based on citizen feedback on public
services
Can provide information on
corruption
A tool to demand public
accountability
How Citizen Feedback Helps
Leaders and Citizens
A quick assessment of services
Positive and negative aspects
Identifies areas of improvement
New, useful information for
leaders
What Are the Steps in this
Exercise?
Focus group discussion to gauge
concerns
Design of structured questionnaire
Systematic survey of users of services
Analysis of data and interpretation of
findings
Discussion with stakeholders as basis
of action
Bangalore CRC - Key City
Agencies
1. BMP Municipal Corporation
2. BESCOM Electricity
3. BWSSB Water Supply Board
4. BDA Land Development Authority
5. BMTC Metropolitan Transport
Corporation
6. Bangalore Police
7. BSNL Telecom Department
8. Government Hospitals
Problem Incidence
Problem Incidence across Report CardsGeneral Households
1629 31 39
27 2031
12
66
16 519 20
8 7 13 315
020406080
100
BM
P
BE
SC
OM
BW
SS
B
PO
LIC
E
BM
TC
GO
V.
HO
SP
ITA
LS
RT
O
BS
NL
BD
A
agency
% i
nc
ide
nc
e
1999 2003
The “Corruption” Phenomenon
All Agencies (average)
18
23
11
0
5
10
15
20
25
1994 1999 2003
year
pe
rce
nta
ge w
ho
pa
id
Overall Satisfaction
Overall Satisfaction across Three Report Cards
5 6 49
25
1
14
4147
42
67
34 34
16
32 32
73
94
73
92
7378
85
96
77
n/a n/a0
20
40
60
80
100
% s
atisfie
d
1994 1999 2003
An Audit of Delhi’s Public
Services
A Chief Minister’s Initiative
Civil Society Partnership
From Audit to Reform
Complete Satisfaction &
Dissatisfaction
50
5
40
8
38
19
31
17
2927 27
30
25
66
18
36
17
43
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70P
erc
en
tage
Health -
Outpatients
Education
MLO
Health -
Inpatients
DTC
Certific
ates
Water Tankers
Registra
tion
PDS
Completely Satisfied Dissatisfied
Have Services Improved Over
the Last 2 Years?
63.463.4
58.5
56
45.6
36.632.7
27.721.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Health -
Outpatients
Education
MLODTC
Health -
Inpatients
Certific
ates
Registra
tion
Water Tankers PDS
Improved Over time
How Do Services Measure Up?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Percentage
Water
Supplied
Through
Tankers
OPD
Servives
IPD Services Education DTC PDS MLO Registration Certificates
Services
How Services Measure up?
Access
Reliability
Transparency and Responsiveness
Complete Satisfaction
Public Dissemination & Internal
Reforms
Findings from the survey discussed with all
public service agency leaders
A high level committee set up to ensure
follow up actions
Survey findings widely disseminated
through print and visual media
Each service provider given the mandate
to develop specific reform measures
How the Process Works
CRCs
Dissemination
Dialogue
Introspection
Adoption