Review 1829 --
Andrew Jackson: Contradictions
• Westerner with NY VP in 2nd term
• Slaveowner with NY VP who later ran with Liberty Party
• Rough but charming
• Nationalist who weakened central gov and protected sections
• Champion of common man, yet very selective with patronage
Jackson
• Disdain for official cabinet – kitchen cabinet, Peggy Eaton Affair
• Inaug mob
• Spoils system
• South Carolina Exposition and Protest
• Democratic advances 1810-1840 see Amsco
Jackson
• Nicholas Biddle
• Chestnut Street (Phila) to Wall Street (NYC)
• Webster-Hayne debate
• Specie Circ and Panic of 1837
• Whig Party
• Independent Treasury Plan of Van Buren
Troubles with the neighbors
• Steamship Caroline helping Canadian rebels
2nd Great Awakening
• Perfectibility
• Progress
• Worth of individual
• Voluntary association
• Reformers well-to-do, middle class
• Find notes
reforms
• Institutional solutions
• Functional education
• Lyceums, colleges
• Sectional (very little South, lack urban)
• Transcend, Margaret Fuller
• Utopian communities (work) – Brook Farm, New Harmony Oneida, Shakers
More reforms
• Neal Dow
• Ten Nights in a Bar Room best seller
• Seneca Falls
• Cult of True Womanhood (or CO Domesticity)
• What to do with locked up people
Westward
• Great American Desert myth
• Rep of Texas – Amer colonists revolt vs strong central gov
• Elect of 1844 – manifest destiny and Liberty Party
• 54 40
Mexican War
• Slidell mission to buy CA
• Guadeloupe-Hidalgo
• Wilmot Proviso, Spot Resolutions demo sectionalism
Other
• Webster-Ashburton treaty – Maine border
• Gadsden Purch – Trans RR
• Free Soilers – (anti-black, free or slave)
Econ devs
• Transport – canals, RRs, steamboats, clippers, federal road
• Lowell system
• Telegraph
Why slavery still persists?
• Econ profit
• Basis of slave society, class system
• Moral beliefs
• Political power at state level
• “"But, as it is, we have the wolf by the ear, and we can neither hold him, nor safely let him go. Justice is in one scale, and self-preservation in the other.“ (Jefferson)
• Modern history proves all these wrong, by the way
Slavery effect
• Upper South (“society with slaves”) and Lower South (“slave society”)
• Mountain whites anti-planters
• Elijah Lovejoy lynched in North
• William Lloyd Garrison – immediatist, rights for women
• Nat Turner
• Fred Douglass
Effects on society and indiv behavor
• Review TAJ
• Persistence of family relations
• Everyone profits from enslaved laborers except laborers
When does Civ War start?
• 1850 CA admiss Compro, incl Fug Slave Act
• Martin Delany “slaves in the midst of freedom”
• 1852 end of Whig Party
• Methodists (1844), Baptists (45), Presbyterians (57) all split geographically
When start?
• Ostend Manif
• John Walker
• Bleeding Kansas, “Beecher’s Bibles”, “Border Ruffians”
• 1854 Republican Party b. (who? Why?)
• Sumner-Brooks
• Lecompton Constitution
When?
• Taney (tawny)
• Freeport Doctr
• Panic of 1857
• George Fitzhugh – southern defens of slvry, att on industrialism
• Hinton Helper – southern attack on slvry
• 1860 candidates and party platforms
Civil War
• Review on own