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Sample Data Verification and Analysis Lighting in General Literature Review (Benchmarking) Recommendations Next Steps
Overview
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1,000 streetlights Wilson Boulevard and Clarendon Boulevard between N Fort Myer Drive
and N Glebe Road Arlington Boulevard to Columbia Pike between South Washington
Boulevard and South Walter Reed Drive
Sample Data Verification
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Coordinates / Location Technology Pole number Pole type Pole color Pole height Globe type Zoning restrictions
Sample Data Verification – Contd.
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Analysis and Findings
Updated GIS files Identified inconsistencies, gaps, etc.
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Data Analysis – Contd.Light Pole Criteria: Inadequate Spacing
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LIGHTING IN GENERAL
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Exterior/Outdoor Lighting Types
Source: DOE U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, 2012
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Current Design Guidelines
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DARK SKY DISCUSSION
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IDA/IES Model Lighting Ordinance
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Fixture ComparisonsSource: darksky.org
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20% more light poles with Dark Sky compliant fixtures Overly stringent requirements prevent uniform roadway lighting Provide safe and secure environment for pedestrians, bicyclists, and
motorists
Conclusions
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LITERATURE REVIEW
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City of Boston, City of Cambridge, City of Philadelphia, and City of Seattle.
Literature Review
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Q. How many light poles types do the agencies have?A. Up to 3
Q. What pole type do they use for residential areas?A. Primarily cobraheads. Decorative in a few locations.
Q. What color temperatures are the agencies using?A. 4000K
Literature Review - Summary
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Q. Does the City or the power company own the light fixtures?A. City
Q. How does City receive street light outage notices?A. Mobile App, 311, Online, Twitter, SeeClickFix
Literature Review – Summary Contd.
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Maintenance staff = 0.8 per 1,000 street light poles Bucket trucks = 0.3 per 1,000 street light poles Trouble calls = 100 per 1,000 light poles Inventory stocks = 60 per 1,000 light poles Response times:
– Minor: 3 days– Major: 7 days - 90 days
Literature Review – Maintenance Plan
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Create zones for County lights versus DVP lights Industrywide move towards agencies acquiring street lighting:
– Cheaper– Better service– Better control– Prepare for future technology (5G, powered networks, etc.)
Explore various funding options:– General fund– Capital budget– Property tax– Special gas tax– Street light utility tax
• Tax-exempt properties pay proportionate share of street light costs • Fees structured to reflect actual benefits and service costs
Lessons Learned
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RECOMMENDATIONS
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Parameters to prioritize future street lighting projects:• Activity centers • Transit corridors• Crash locations• Safety/crime
Maintenance Prioritization
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Resources:– Total maintenance staff = 7– Bucket trucks = 2– Inventory stocks = 6%– Street light types = 2-3
Continue with LED conversions Continue with underground conduit installations and conversions Color Temperature
– AMA Report incomplete– IESNA, NEMA, US DOE etc. still support 4000K– Most commonly used for street lighting– Seattle LED Adaptive Lighting Study “4100K provides the highest
detection distance”
Recommendations
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Maximize use of County’s Sentinel radio control system– Tie to ConnectArlington fiber backbone
Asset Management Collaboration with other departments
Recommendations – Contd.
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Recommendations – Route 50
Cobra LEDs
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Recommendations – Army Navy Drive
Cobra LEDs
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Recommendations – Army Navy Drive
Dual Arm Carlyles
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Recommendations – Jefferson Davis Hwy
Single Carlyles with Teardrop LEDs in the median
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NEXT STEPS
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Determine age and condition of conductors:– Recommend an optimal design option for conductor replacement– Document longstanding problem areas
Determine costs:– Cost per light paid for Arlington County Vs DVP lights– Cost per mile to light roadways – Cost to acquire the DVP system
Next Steps
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Questions
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US DOE• “Low CCTs may be beneficial for reducing nonvisual impacts, but they may
also reduce the effectiveness of the lighting, potentially even requiring designs with more lumens — which may completely negate the effects of reducing the relative amount of blue light emission.”
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)• “The AMA recommendation encouraging the use of 3000K correlated color
temperature (CCT) or lower may compromise the ability of the lighting system to meet all critical design criteria for each unique application.”
Response to AMA’s Report
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Response to AMA’s Report – Contd.
Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance’s Seattle LED Adaptive Lighting Study • “4000K LED street lighting resulted in significantly better ability of drivers
to detect pedestrians at greater distances, compared to the other higher and lower color temperatures tested.”
• “Study results indicate that 4000K and 4100K luminaires regularly outperform CCTs of 3500K and below.”
• “The 4100K and the asymmetric LED luminaires performed more impressively than the 3500K and 5000K LED luminaires.”
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Moonlight Vs Streetlight
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Interior Comparisons
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LEDs classified with Backlight-Uplight-Glare (BUG) system Backlight: Light at the back of the pole
– Illuminate sidewalks Uplight: Light above the horizontal plane
– Optimize with light pole spacing Glare: Visually disabling frontlight
BUG Rating
Source: darksky.org
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Nighttime Aerial
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Literature Review – Contd.
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Literature Review – Contd.
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Literature Review – Contd.