Sample Data Verification and Analysis Lighting in General Literature Review (Benchmarking) Recommendations Next Steps

Overview

1,000 streetlights Wilson Boulevard and Clarendon Boulevard between N Fort Myer Drive

and N Glebe Road Arlington Boulevard to Columbia Pike between South Washington

Boulevard and South Walter Reed Drive

Sample Data Verification

Coordinates / Location Technology Pole number Pole type Pole color Pole height Globe type Zoning restrictions

Sample Data Verification – Contd.

Analysis and Findings

Updated GIS files Identified inconsistencies, gaps, etc.

Data Analysis – Contd.Light Pole Criteria: Inadequate Spacing

LIGHTING IN GENERAL

Exterior/Outdoor Lighting Types

Source: DOE U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, 2012

Current Design Guidelines

DARK SKY DISCUSSION

IDA/IES Model Lighting Ordinance

Fixture ComparisonsSource: darksky.org

20% more light poles with Dark Sky compliant fixtures Overly stringent requirements prevent uniform roadway lighting Provide safe and secure environment for pedestrians, bicyclists, and

motorists

Conclusions

LITERATURE REVIEW

City of Boston, City of Cambridge, City of Philadelphia, and City of Seattle.

Literature Review

Q. How many light poles types do the agencies have?A. Up to 3

Q. What pole type do they use for residential areas?A. Primarily cobraheads. Decorative in a few locations.

Q. What color temperatures are the agencies using?A. 4000K

Literature Review - Summary

Q. Does the City or the power company own the light fixtures?A. City

Q. How does City receive street light outage notices?A. Mobile App, 311, Online, Twitter, SeeClickFix

Literature Review – Summary Contd.

Maintenance staff = 0.8 per 1,000 street light poles Bucket trucks = 0.3 per 1,000 street light poles Trouble calls = 100 per 1,000 light poles Inventory stocks = 60 per 1,000 light poles Response times:

– Minor: 3 days– Major: 7 days - 90 days

Literature Review – Maintenance Plan

Create zones for County lights versus DVP lights Industrywide move towards agencies acquiring street lighting:

– Cheaper– Better service– Better control– Prepare for future technology (5G, powered networks, etc.)

Explore various funding options:– General fund– Capital budget– Property tax– Special gas tax– Street light utility tax

• Tax-exempt properties pay proportionate share of street light costs • Fees structured to reflect actual benefits and service costs

Lessons Learned

RECOMMENDATIONS

Parameters to prioritize future street lighting projects:• Activity centers • Transit corridors• Crash locations• Safety/crime

Maintenance Prioritization

Resources:– Total maintenance staff = 7– Bucket trucks = 2– Inventory stocks = 6%– Street light types = 2-3

Continue with LED conversions Continue with underground conduit installations and conversions Color Temperature

– AMA Report incomplete– IESNA, NEMA, US DOE etc. still support 4000K– Most commonly used for street lighting– Seattle LED Adaptive Lighting Study “4100K provides the highest

detection distance”

Recommendations

Maximize use of County’s Sentinel radio control system– Tie to ConnectArlington fiber backbone

Asset Management Collaboration with other departments

Recommendations – Contd.

Recommendations – Route 50

Cobra LEDs

Recommendations – Army Navy Drive

Cobra LEDs

Recommendations – Army Navy Drive

Dual Arm Carlyles

Recommendations – Jefferson Davis Hwy

Single Carlyles with Teardrop LEDs in the median

NEXT STEPS

Determine age and condition of conductors:– Recommend an optimal design option for conductor replacement– Document longstanding problem areas

Determine costs:– Cost per light paid for Arlington County Vs DVP lights– Cost per mile to light roadways – Cost to acquire the DVP system

Next Steps

Questions

US DOE• “Low CCTs may be beneficial for reducing nonvisual impacts, but they may

also reduce the effectiveness of the lighting, potentially even requiring designs with more lumens — which may completely negate the effects of reducing the relative amount of blue light emission.”

National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)• “The AMA recommendation encouraging the use of 3000K correlated color

temperature (CCT) or lower may compromise the ability of the lighting system to meet all critical design criteria for each unique application.”

Response to AMA’s Report

Response to AMA’s Report – Contd.

Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance’s Seattle LED Adaptive Lighting Study • “4000K LED street lighting resulted in significantly better ability of drivers

to detect pedestrians at greater distances, compared to the other higher and lower color temperatures tested.”

• “Study results indicate that 4000K and 4100K luminaires regularly outperform CCTs of 3500K and below.”

• “The 4100K and the asymmetric LED luminaires performed more impressively than the 3500K and 5000K LED luminaires.”

Moonlight Vs Streetlight

Interior Comparisons

LEDs classified with Backlight-Uplight-Glare (BUG) system Backlight: Light at the back of the pole

– Illuminate sidewalks Uplight: Light above the horizontal plane

– Optimize with light pole spacing Glare: Visually disabling frontlight

BUG Rating

Source: darksky.org

Nighttime Aerial

Literature Review – Contd.

Literature Review – Contd.

Literature Review – Contd.