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Science Final Review by Teacher Olivia
Chapter 5: Land and WaterLesson #1: Earth’s Land
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Vocabulary
Landform: different shapes of Earth’s land
Mountain: high Hill: shortPlain: flat and wideValley: low land between mountains
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3 layers of Earth
Crust: Earth’s outer layer.Mantle: Earth’s middle layer.Core: Earth’s deepest and hottest layer.
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Earth LayersThere are _____ main layers inside Earth?Which layer can people live? __________ Which layer has hot lava? ________Which layer is the thinnest? __________ Which layer is the thickest? __________ Which layer has two parts? __________
What are these two part? 1) ___ 2) _____
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Map & Globe
• Map: flat- shows where land and water are on Earth.• Globe: sphere / ball- It is a model of Earth. - It is a map of Earth in the shape of a sphere or ball.
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Continents & Oceans Continent: Big piece of lands Island: small piece of lands
* Both Continents & Islands are surrounded by oceans/water.
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Continents1. Africa
2. Antarctica3. Asia
4. Australia5. Europe
6. North America
7. South America
Oceans1. Arctic Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean3. Indian Ocean4. Pacific Ocean
5. Southern Ocean
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Science Final Review
Ch.5/lesson #2: Earth’s Water
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VocabularyFresh Water: water that is not salty
- found in lakes, ponds, rivers & streams
Ocean: A large body of salt water. - where you found most of Earth’s water- Ocean covers ¾ of Earth
• Most living things can only drinks ___________ • Can people drink ocean water? ( Yes/No )
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Why is water important?
All living things need water to live & survive
Human Animals Plants
- drink - drink - grow and stay
- wash hands - wash body health - clean dishes - live/home - make their own food - swim
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Human vs. Earth Human Body Earth
- ¾ of Earth is covered by ocean / water
- human body consist 70% of water
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Science Final Review
Ch.5/lesson #3: Changes on Earth
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Vocabulary Earthquake: A shake in Earth’s crust.
- can cause great damages - change the shape of land quickly
Volcano: an opening in Earth’s mantle and crust.
- change the shape of land quickly
- A very hot, thick liquid (lava) comes
out turn into solid rocks after it cools down.
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VocabularyFlood: water that flows over land and cannot easily soak into the ground.
- When a lot of rain falls quickly- Change the shape of land quickly
- People build houses on stilts to keep them safe from flood
Landslide.: sudden movement of soil from higher to lower ground
- Change the shape of land quickly- Heavy rain and melting snow can cause landslides.
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Slow changes on Earth
Water- Fast moving water can wear away rock- water (warm weather) ice (cold weather) can cause the rocks to crack open
Wind- Strong winds blow sands and carry away soil.- The surface of the land or rock changes shape.
• weathering- things like rock or wood changes its shape or color over time condition (rain, sun, wind)• Erosion- gradual removal rock or soil by river, sea or weather.
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Science Final Review
Chapter 6: Earth’s ResourcesLesson #1: Rocks and Minerals
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VocabularyNatural resource: material from Earth that people use in daily life. (which ones are living vs nonliving?)
Water rocks air
Animals plants
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Rocks nonliving part of Earth most rocks are hard Inukshuk
have different shapes, sizes, color and textures (how you feel) cover the surface of Earth found from top of a mountain, to below city streets, grass, soil and the bottom of the ocean people use rocks as tools made of one or more minerals
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Minerals Bits of rock and soil that help plants and animals grow. a nonliving part of Earth. make the rocks shine and sparkle. formed in the ground million years ago.
Uses of Minerals:
Graphite magnetite fluorite turquoise
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Rocks vs. MineralsSame: - nonliving parts of Earth - formed in the ground over millions of year
Different: Rocks Minerals
- tools - nutrients for plants to grow
- make rocks shine
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Science Final Review
Ch.6/lesson #2: Soil
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Soil a mix of tiny rocks and bits of dead plants and animals. allow plants to grow. silt- tiny pieces of broken rock in soil. have different colors and textures
clay soil topsoil sandy soil
darker color lighter color (holds more water) where plants grow best
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How is soil form? Over time, rocks and minerals break down into smaller pieces. Decompose: when plants and animals die
( the dead body parts begins to rot away decompose)
mushrooms help break down the dead plants
Nutrient that were once in living things become part of the soil.
( nutrients make the soil healthy for the plants)
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How is soil form? compost pile- a mix of soil and parts of rotting
plants and animals. - show how things decompose in
the soil.
* topsoil: best for growing plants
has mushrooms has rotting plant and animal
parts
* subsoil: beneath topsoil
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Clips
one Earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgRt5iZDFwg
layers of the Earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0AAITe0MImY
Earthquake http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJKAPa61ttQ
Volcano http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xen2gvb8feY&feature=related
Rocks and soils http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCGrXtdSv2c&feature=related
How to make a compose pile http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAMy_ZJ0Xa8
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Study Hard & Good Luck