Science Final Review by Teacher Olivia

Chapter 5: Land and WaterLesson #1: Earth’s Land

Vocabulary

Landform: different shapes of Earth’s land

Mountain: high Hill: shortPlain: flat and wideValley: low land between mountains

3 layers of Earth

Crust: Earth’s outer layer.Mantle: Earth’s middle layer.Core: Earth’s deepest and hottest layer.

Earth LayersThere are _____ main layers inside Earth?Which layer can people live? __________ Which layer has hot lava? ________Which layer is the thinnest? __________ Which layer is the thickest? __________ Which layer has two parts? __________

What are these two part? 1) ___ 2) _____

Map & Globe

• Map: flat- shows where land and water are on Earth.• Globe: sphere / ball- It is a model of Earth. - It is a map of Earth in the shape of a sphere or ball.

Continents & Oceans Continent: Big piece of lands Island: small piece of lands

* Both Continents & Islands are surrounded by oceans/water.

Continents1. Africa

2. Antarctica3. Asia

4. Australia5. Europe

6. North America

7. South America

Oceans1. Arctic Ocean

2. Atlantic Ocean3. Indian Ocean4. Pacific Ocean

5. Southern Ocean

Science Final Review

Ch.5/lesson #2: Earth’s Water

VocabularyFresh Water: water that is not salty

- found in lakes, ponds, rivers & streams

Ocean: A large body of salt water. - where you found most of Earth’s water- Ocean covers ¾ of Earth

• Most living things can only drinks ___________ • Can people drink ocean water? ( Yes/No )

Why is water important?

All living things need water to live & survive

Human Animals Plants

- drink - drink - grow and stay

- wash hands - wash body health - clean dishes - live/home - make their own food - swim

Human vs. Earth Human Body Earth

- ¾ of Earth is covered by ocean / water

- human body consist 70% of water

Science Final Review

Ch.5/lesson #3: Changes on Earth

Vocabulary Earthquake: A shake in Earth’s crust.

- can cause great damages - change the shape of land quickly

Volcano: an opening in Earth’s mantle and crust.

- change the shape of land quickly

- A very hot, thick liquid (lava) comes

out turn into solid rocks after it cools down.

VocabularyFlood: water that flows over land and cannot easily soak into the ground.

- When a lot of rain falls quickly- Change the shape of land quickly

- People build houses on stilts to keep them safe from flood

Landslide.: sudden movement of soil from higher to lower ground

- Change the shape of land quickly- Heavy rain and melting snow can cause landslides.

Slow changes on Earth

Water- Fast moving water can wear away rock- water (warm weather) ice (cold weather) can cause the rocks to crack open

Wind- Strong winds blow sands and carry away soil.- The surface of the land or rock changes shape.

• weathering- things like rock or wood changes its shape or color over time condition (rain, sun, wind)• Erosion- gradual removal rock or soil by river, sea or weather.

Science Final Review

Chapter 6: Earth’s ResourcesLesson #1: Rocks and Minerals

VocabularyNatural resource: material from Earth that people use in daily life. (which ones are living vs nonliving?)

Water rocks air

Animals plants

Rocks nonliving part of Earth most rocks are hard Inukshuk

have different shapes, sizes, color and textures (how you feel) cover the surface of Earth found from top of a mountain, to below city streets, grass, soil and the bottom of the ocean people use rocks as tools made of one or more minerals

Minerals Bits of rock and soil that help plants and animals grow. a nonliving part of Earth. make the rocks shine and sparkle. formed in the ground million years ago.

Uses of Minerals:

Graphite magnetite fluorite turquoise

Rocks vs. MineralsSame: - nonliving parts of Earth - formed in the ground over millions of year

Different: Rocks Minerals

- tools - nutrients for plants to grow

- make rocks shine

Science Final Review

Ch.6/lesson #2: Soil

Soil a mix of tiny rocks and bits of dead plants and animals. allow plants to grow. silt- tiny pieces of broken rock in soil. have different colors and textures

clay soil topsoil sandy soil

darker color lighter color (holds more water) where plants grow best

How is soil form? Over time, rocks and minerals break down into smaller pieces. Decompose: when plants and animals die

( the dead body parts begins to rot away decompose)

mushrooms help break down the dead plants

Nutrient that were once in living things become part of the soil.

( nutrients make the soil healthy for the plants)

How is soil form? compost pile- a mix of soil and parts of rotting

plants and animals. - show how things decompose in

the soil.

* topsoil: best for growing plants

has mushrooms has rotting plant and animal

parts

* subsoil: beneath topsoil

Clips

one Earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgRt5iZDFwg

layers of the Earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0AAITe0MImY

Earthquake http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJKAPa61ttQ

Volcano http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xen2gvb8feY&feature=related

Rocks and soils http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCGrXtdSv2c&feature=related

How to make a compose pile http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAMy_ZJ0Xa8

Study Hard & Good Luck