SFC
SALON ECOLOGY
Chapter 2
Chapter 2 Tour: Salon Ecology
First AidPages 60-62
List simple safety and first-aid applications for minor burns, cuts, choking, eye injury and fainting procedures
3
Infection ControlPages 52-59
Identify the procedures and precautions for the infection control procedures used in schools and salons
2
MicrobiologyPages 47-51
1 Recognize the structure and function of bacteria and viruses
by their types, classifications, growth and reproduction patterns and relationship to the spread of infection
Salon Ecology
1 Microbiology
Bacteria
Growth ofBacteria
Viruses
ExternalParasites
Infection
Immunity
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Microbiology
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Does photo A or B illustrate a healthy, infection-free, safe environment?
A B
Microbiology
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Photo A displays a healthy, infection-free, safe environment.
A
Microbiology
ocrogyoibim Key Term Jumble
microbiologyoptoeinnahgnc nonpathogenicarpyespohts saprophytesahgncptoei pathogenicccioc coccitetccisrpooc streptococcitpyoocsahlcci staphylococciailbcli bacillailccidpooc diplococciprlasiil spirillabodonlobreptoesahgn
bloodborne pathogens
Click on the KEY to rearrange the letters
of each key term
Microbiology
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
The study of small organisms
micro (small)bio (living)
ology (study)++
microbiology
Why is the study of microbiology important to a cosmetologist?
A basic knowledge of microbiology is important in preventing the spread of disease through proper disinfection within the salon.
Bacteria
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Generally classified as two types:
Nonpathogenic Pathogenic
Bacteria that do not produce disease
Bacteria that do produce disease
Bacteria
Nonpathogenic Pathogenic
• Harmless• Can be beneficial• Many live on
surface of skin • Saprophytes live
on dead matter• 70% of all bacteria
• Cause infection and disease
• Distinct shapes
• Some produce toxins
• Spread easily
• Live everywhere
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
3.
2.
Cause strep throat
Pus-forming
Long chainsStreptococci
Found in boils
Pus-forming
BunchesStaphylococci
Cause pneumoniaPairsDiplococci
Pathogenic BacteriaAppear in groups or singularly
Round Cocci
Bacteria
Most common form of bacterial cells
RodBacilli
1.
Causes syphilis,
lyme disease,
cholera
SpiralSpirilla
SFC
Scientists think bacteria helped shape and change Earth’s environment.
Beyond the Book
Bacteria are among the earliest forms of life that appeared on Earth billions of years ago.
Bacteria
The atmospheric oxygen created by the bacteria enabled other, more complex life forms to develop.
http://www.microbe.org
Growth of Bacteria
Active Stage
• Reproduce and grow rapidly
• Require dark, damp, dirty places with food
• Divide into two new cells (mitosis)
Inactive Stage
• No growth occurs when conditions are unfavorable
• Form spores not harmed by disinfectants, cold or heat
• Become active when conditions are favorable
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Growth Cycle
Movement of Bacteria
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Growth of Bacteria
Bacilli and spirilla use flagella (cilia) to propel themselves
SFC
Beyond the Book
Some bacteria with flagella can move 50-60 times the length of their body per second.
If a 6 foot tall person could move that fast, they would be running about 100 meters per second.
That is 9 times faster than the world record!
Growth of Bacteria
Viruses
• Sub-microscopic particles; much smaller than bacteria
• Cause familiar diseases like the common cold, measles, hepatitis, HIV
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Dear Mrs. Jones,
Sally will not b
e in
school today because
she has the measles.
Sue Swanson
Viruses
Human Hepatitis B (HBV)
• Highly infectious disease that infects the liver
• Vaccine-preventable disease
• Personal service workers are often asked to be vaccinated
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Viruses
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
• Caused by HIV
• Affects the body’s natural immune system
• Spreads by body fluids entering blood stream of uninfected individual
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
SFC
Beyond the Book
Chickenpox is a disease caused by the varicella zoster virus.
Since the introduction of the chickenpox vaccine, cases of chickenpox in children have decreased almost 70-90%.
Viruses
External Parasites
Organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from another organism• Parasitic fungi (molds and yeasts)
– Produce contagious diseases such as ringworm, honeycomb ringworm and nail fungus
– Produce noncontagious conditions such as dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis
• Parasitic mites (insects)– Produce contagious diseases such as itch
mites and head liceChapter 2.1
Salon EcologyMicrobiology
Professionals prevent the spread of contagions
(fungi, bacteria and mites) through proper
disinfection procedures
External Parasites
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
External Parasites
• Transmitted directly from one person to another or by contact with articles that have come in contact with an infested person
• Accompanied by head scratching, redness or small bite marks on the scalp
• Controlled by pediculicide shampoo
Head Lice
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
SFC
Beyond the Book
Dandruff is a chronic scalp condition that affects about
50% of the world’s population.- P&G Beauty
External Parasites
InfectionOccurs when disease-producing (pathogenic) bacteria or viruses enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body’s normal state.
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Ahhh chooo!
• Contagious or communicable disease– Can be transmitted from person to person
through touch or through the air
Bloodborne pathogens are disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through
blood or body fluids
Common ways of spreading infection in the salon:• Open sores• Unclean hands and implements• Coughing or sneezing• Common use of drinking cups and towels• Use of same implements on infected areas
and noninfected areas• Unsanitary salon conditions
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Infection
Local
•Small, confined area
•Pus-filled boil, pimple or inflamed area
General
• All parts of the body (systemic)
• Circulatory system carries bacteria and toxins
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Infection
Asymptomatic Carrier
• Carries disease but shows NO SYMPTOMS
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Infection
SFC
Beyond the Book
http://www.physorg.com
Infection
Studies have shown that 40% to 60% of people don't wash their hands after using the restroom.
And those who do wash their hands often don't know the proper technique.
In order to be effective, hands should be washed with soap for 20 to 25 seconds.
The three keys are soap, friction and water.
ImmunityAbility of the body to destroy infectious
agents that enter the body
Natural Immunity
• Partially inherited• Natural resistance
to disease• Production of white
blood cells and antitoxins by body
• Skin is first line of defense
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Passive Immunity
• Acquired immunity• Injection of antigens
stimulates the body’s immune response
SFC
Beyond the Book
Yo-yo diets resulting in drastic weight changes can weaken your immune system.
Immunity
Depending on the statistics, up to 85% of individuals who lose a significant amount of weight will eventually regain it.
To keep the immune system strong, one should eat healthy and get regular exercise.
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
A
A
BA
• 70% of all bacteria• Produce disease• Include saprophytes• Harmless
What’s your answer?
A. Nonpathogenic
B. Pathogenic
or
Microbiology Self-Check
3. ________
2. _______
1. _______
Streptococci
Bacilli
Diplococci
Identify the type of pathogenic bacteria
Grow in pairs and can cause pneumonia
4. ________Staphylococci
Pus-forming cells that form bunches; found in boils
Pus-forming cells that form long chains; cause strep throat
Most common form of bacterial cells
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
5. ________Spirilla
Spiral-shaped cells that cause syphilis, cholera and lyme disease
Microbiology Self-Check
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Active Bacteria Inactive BacteriaA. B.
1. Grow rapidly
2. Exhibit mitosis
3. Form spores
4. Stop growing
or
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-12, answer the following questions.
What’s your answer?
Microbiology Self-Check
5. List 3 familiar diseases caused by viruses:_________ _________
_________6. Which of the following viruses affects
the liver?
a. HIVb. coldc. measlesd. hepatitis B
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Microbiology Self-Check
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Microbiology Self-Check
7. What organisms live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism?
8. Which class of infection is located in a small, confined area?
a. coccib. bacillic. measlesd. external parasites
a. localb. generalc. passived. systemic
9. Which type of infection occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and toxins to all parts of the body?
__________
10. Using the same infection control procedures on all clients is known as:
__________ __________
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Microbiology Self-Check
11. The ability to destroy infectious agents that enter the body is known as:
__________
12. What are the two types of immunity?
__________ __________
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Microbiology Self-Check
Know ChartAs you correct your answers, evaluate your progress. Create a Know Chart with 2 columns. Place correct answers from the Self-Check under the “I Know” column. Then place incorrect answers under the “I Need to Study” column.
KNOW CHART
1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
8.9.
10.11.12.
I Know: I Need to Study:
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
8.9.
10.11.12.
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Active Bacteria
Inactive Bacteria
AABB
A.
B.
1. Grow rapidly
2. Exhibit mitosis
3. Form spores
4. Stop growing
or
Microbiology Self-Check
Now check your work.
5. List 3 familiar diseases caused by viruses:cold measles hepatitis HIV
6. Which of the following viruses affects the liver?
a. HIVb. coldc. measlesd. hepatitis B
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Microbiology Self-Check
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Microbiology Self-Check
7. What organisms live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism?
8. Which class of infection is located in a small, confined area?
a. coccib. bacillic. measlesd. external parasites
a. localb. generalc. passived. systemic
9. Which type of infection occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and toxins to all parts of the body?
__________
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
general
universal precautions
Microbiology Self-Check
10. Using the same infection control procedures on all clients is known as:
__________ __________
11. The ability to destroy infectious agents that enter the body is known as:
__________
12. What are the two types of immunity?
__________ __________
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
immunity
natural passive
Microbiology Self-Check
Lessons Learned
Bacteria are classified into two types: pathogenic and nonpathogenic
Forms of pathogenic bacteria include: cocci, bacilli and spirilla
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Bacteria
Face the Facts
Bacteria go through two stages, active and inactive
During the active stage, bacteria grow and reproduce using mitosis in which the cell divides, creating two new cells
While in the inactive stage, bacteria form spores which protect the cell
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Growth of Bacteria
Lessons LearnedFace the Facts
Viruses are sub-microscopic particles that cause diseases like the common cold
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Viruses
External Parasites
Organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism
Lessons LearnedFace the Facts
Pathogenic bacteria or viruses cause infection when they enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body’s normal state
Contagious infection or communicable disease can be spread from person to person through touch or through air
Common means of spreading infection in the salon include unclean hands and implements Chapter 2.1
Salon EcologyMicrobiology
Infection
Lessons LearnedFace the Facts
Draw a picture of each of the 3 types of cocci bacterial cells
IT’S 2 U!
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
IT’S 2 U!
Diplococci
Staphylococci
Streptococci
3 forms of cocci bacterial cells
Answers
Chapter 2.1Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Salon Ecology
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
2 Infection Control
Sanitation
Disinfection
Sterilization
InfectionControl
Guidelines
Infection Control
Connecting with the Web
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
1. Go online to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website (www.cdc.gov)
2. Browse the website for information on infection control, sanitation, disinfection and other information relevant to the cosmetology industry
3. Write down three interesting facts
Infection Control
vniainetlotKey Term Jumble
Click on the KEY to rearrange the letters
of each key term
ventilationsnttoaiain sanitationOHAS OSHAdsnetoiifcin disinfectionMDSS MSDSefccfiay lblaes efficacy labelsatspinietc antisepticseiiaintrlzto sterilizationIfcinnetocnrloto
infectioncontrol
Infection Control
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Infection control is the term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of disease and kill certain or all microbes
First level of infection control• Removes dirt to aid in preventing growth
of microbes• Cleans and reduces microbes on surface,
but does not kill germs
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Sanitation
Antiseptic• Product that can be applied to
skin to reduce microbes and prevent their growth
Hand Washing1. Moisten hands with warm water and
antimicrobial liquid soap
2. Spend 15-20 seconds working up a good lather; pay attention to fingers and fingernails
3. Rinse hands in warm water; position hands downward so rinse progresses from wrist to fingertips
4. Dry hands well; use single-use paper towels or hands-free blow dryers
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Sanitation
Ventilation• Salon should be sufficiently ventilated so
air does not have a stale, musty odor or contain odor of sprays, bleaches and various chemical solutions
• Average room temperature should be about 70° Fahrenheit (21° Celsius)
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Sanitation
SFC
SanitationBeyond the
Book
A study reports only 58% of female and 48% of male middle and high school students washed their hands after using the bathroom.
Of these, only 33% of the females and 8% of the males used soap.
http://www.itsasnap.org
Disinfectants• Chemical products used to destroy or kill
certain bacteria and some viruses(except bacterial spores)
• Very strong and work well on styling implements; could be harmful to skin
• Follow manufacturer’s directions and always wear gloves and safety glasses when mixing disinfectants
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Disinfection
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Disinfection
Disinfectant Kill• bactericidals harmful
bacteria• tuberculocidals tuberculosis• fungicidals fungus• virucidals viruses• pseudomonacidals pseudomonas
Broad-spectrum disinfectants kill bacteria, viruses, fungi and pseudomonas
• The Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulating agency under Department of Labor enforces safety and health standards in the workplace
– Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and labeling of products are two regulations OSHA has put in place
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Disinfection
OSHA
EPA
• The Environmental Protection Agency approves efficacy of products used for infection control
– Efficacy labels state what a product will destroy or be effective against
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Disinfection
• 1997 OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard
– Requires use of disinfectant with efficacy against HIV and HBV or tuberculocidal on implements that accidentally come into contact with blood or body fluids
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Disinfection
Alert!
Brush or Comb Disinfection Procedures1. Remove hair from brush or comb
2. Wash thoroughly with soap and water
3. Rinse thoroughly and pat dry
4. Immerse completely in disinfecting solution
5. Remove with forceps, tongs or gloved hands
6. Store in a disinfected, dry, covered containeror cabinet until needed
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Disinfection
Disinfection Guidelines and Procedures
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
• Disinfect combs and brushes after each use
• Change chemical solutions as recommended by manufacturer
• Disinfect unplugged electrical appliances such as guards or hair clippers
• Wash, rinse and disinfect by completely immersing all cosmetology, nail care, esthetic and electrolysis tools and metal implements after each use
Disinfection
Disinfection Guidelines and Procedures
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
• Discard emery boards, cosmetic sponges and orangewood sticks after each use or give them to the client
– Implements must be non-porous to be disinfected
• Store all disinfected tools in a disinfected, dry, covered container or cabinet
• Dispose of sharp objects in sealable, rigid container
• Label disinfecting products properly
Disinfection
Guiding Principle: Discard or Disinfect Use clean, disinfected
materials and implements
Disinfection Precautions
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
• Tightly cover and label all containers; store in cool dry area
• Avoid inhaling or spilling chemical solutions; avoid contact with skin or eyes; wipe up all spills at once
• Refer to Material Safety Data Sheet for proper procedures if contact with eyes or skin occurs
Disinfection
Blood Spill Procedure
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
If blood spill should occur:
• Stop service, wash and cover hands with protective gloves
• Apply antiseptic and/or liquid or spray styptic product to the injured party
• Dress or cover the injury with appropriate dressing
• Cover injured area with finger guard or glove as appropriate
• Clean and disinfect implements and work station
• Double-bag all blood-soiled articles
• Return to client and continue service
Disinfection
SFC
Each square centimeter of your skin averages about 100,000 bacteria.
DisinfectionBeyond the
Book
http://www.microbe.org
A single teaspoon of dirt contains more than 1,000,000,000 bacteria.
1 billion bacteria
Sterilization
• Most effective level of infection control• Sterilization procedures kill or destroy
all microbes• Consult your area’s regulating agency for
standards regarding cosmetology services and sterilization procedures
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
SFC
Recent studies have shown that stomach ulcers may be caused by a common stomach bacteria, H. pylori.
SterilizationBeyond the
Book
www.webmd.com
This bacteria can grow in the lining of the stomach, produce inflammation and cause the stomach lining to be more easily damaged by stomach acid, especially when under stress.
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
1. Includes use of an antiseptic
2. Does not kill germs
3. Uses very strong chemicals
4. Destroys a broad spectrum of viruses
Infection Control Self-Check
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-9, answer the following questions.
What’s your answer? Sanitation DisinfectionA. B.or
Killin
g P
ow
er
Most
Least
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Fill in the blank for the following items covering infection control guidelines.
Infection Control Self-Check
6. Bloodborne pathogen disinfection kills __________ and __________.
9. Sanitation removes __________.
5. Sterilization kills __________ microbes.
7. Disinfection kills __________ bacteria.
8. Antiseptic prevents __________ of microbes.
Know ChartAs you correct your answers, evaluate your progress. Create a Know Chart with 2 columns. Place correct answers from the Self-Check under the “I Know” column. Then place incorrect answers under the “I Need to Study” column.
KNOW CHART
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.9.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.9.
I Know: I Need to Study:
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
AABB
1. Includes use of an antiseptic
2. Does not kill germs
3. Uses very strong chemicals
4. Destroys a broad spectrum of viruses
Infection Control Self-Check
Sanitation DisinfectionA. B.or
Now check your work.
5. Sterilization kills __________ microbes.
Killin
g P
ow
er
Most
Least
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
all
Infection Control Self-Check
6. Bloodborne pathogen disinfection kills __________ and __________.
HIV
7. Disinfection kills __________ bacteria.
8. Antiseptic prevents __________ of microbes.
9. Sanitation removes __________.
certain
dirt
growth
HBV
Lessons Learned
Sanitation means to remove dirt to aid in preventing growth of microbes
Hand washing should be done with warm water and antibacterial soap
Hands should be rinsed in warm water and dried well
Hands should be washed immediately before serving each client to prevent the spread of microbes
Infection Control
Sanitation
Face the Facts
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Lessons Learned
Disinfectants destroy or kill bacteria and some viruses
Utensils to be disinfected should be washed thoroughly before being completely immersed in disinfectant
Rule: Discard or Disinfect
Disinfection
Face the Facts
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Lessons Learned
Sterilization is the most effective level of infection control
Sterilization procedures kill or destroy all microbes
Consult your area’s regulating agency for standards regarding cosmetology services and sterilization procedures
Sterilization
Face the Facts
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
Can you find 4 items that do not belong in a salon setting?
IT’S 2 U!
Chapter 2.2Salon Ecology
Infection Control
IT’S 2 U! Answers
Answers:
1. puddle of water
2. dog
3. parrot
4. stylist is smoking
Salon Ecology
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
3 First Aid
Bleeding and
Wounds
Burns
Choking
Fainting
Eye Injury
First Aid
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
A client in your salon accidentally cuts her hand. What would you do
to help in this situation?
Cover the wound and apply pressure. Elevate the limb and when bleeding stops,
apply bandage.
Possible Solution
First Aid
tunqeoriutKey Term Jumble
Click on the Key to rearrange the letters
of each key term
tourniquet
oodgsmrtnaaia lwa
good samaritan law
mtraaeil sftaeydtaa sethe
material safetydata sheet
admnlboiatrsshut
abdominalthrusts
First Aid
• Encourage people to help others in emergency situations
• Give legal protection to people who provide emergency care to ill or injured persons
• Require that the “good samaritan” use common sense and a reasonable level of skill in emergency situations
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Good Samaritan Laws
Bleeding and Wounds• Place cloth and gloved hand over wound
• Apply firm pressure for five minutes
• Elevate injured arm or leg above level of victim’s heart if practical
• When bleeding stops, secure cloth with bandage—don’t lift cloth to see if bleeding stopped
• Make sure bandage is not too tight
Never use a tourniquet unless
you cannot control the bleeding!
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Call 9-1-1 if bleeding
is severe!
SFC
Germs only cause disease, right? But a common bacterium, E. coli, found in the intestine helps us digest green vegetables and beans.
These same bacteria also make Vitamin K, which causes blood to clot. If we didn’t have these germs we could bleed to death from a small cut.
Beyond the Book
Bleeding and Wounds
Burns
1. Rinse away all traces of chemicals and remove any contaminated clothing
2. Cover burn loosely with clean, dry cloth
3. Refer person to medical personnel if necessary
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Chemical Burns
Burns
1. If skin is not broken, immerse in cool water or gently apply cool compress
2. Do NOT break blister if one forms. Do NOT apply ointments or creams
3. If skin is broken or burn is severe, call 9-1-1. Do NOT clean wound. Cover burn loosely with clean, dry cloth
Heat or Electrical Burns
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
SFC
Depending on the depth of tissue damage, burns are classified as first,
second, or third degree.
BurnsBeyond the
Book
www.webmd.com
First-degree burns - the skin is red, painful and very sensitive to touch. The damaged skin may be slightly moist from leakage of the fluid in the deeper layers of the skin.
Second-degree burns - the damage is deeper and blisters usually appear on the skin. The skin is still painful and sensitive.
Third-degree burns - the tissues in all layers of the skin are dead. Usually there are no blisters. The burned surface can have several types of appearance, from white to black (charred) or bright red from blood in the bottom of the wound. Because the skin nerves are damaged, the burn can be quite painless.
Choking
Determine if victim can talk or cough
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Make a thumbless fist
Perform upward thrust
SFC
These factors increase the risk of choking:• Talking while chewing • Drinking alcohol while eating• Wearing dentures
ChokingBeyond the
Book
www.mayoclinic.com
Fainting1. Lay victim down on back and allow
plenty of fresh air2. Reassure victim and apply cold
compress to face3. If victim vomits, roll onto side, keep
windpipe clear
Fainting victims regain consciousness almost immediately. If this doesn’t
happen, the victim could be in serious danger and you should
call 9-1-1 ASAP.Chapter 2.3
Salon EcologyFirst Aid
SFC
Common triggers of fainting include:
• Standing for long periods • Dehydration • Coughing • Emotional Distress
FaintingBeyond the
Book
www.mayoclinic.com
Eye Injury
Chemical Cut, Scratch or Embedded Object
Get to an eye specialist or emergency
room immediately!
•Hold eyelids apart and flush eyeball with lukewarm water for 15-30 minutes; don’t let runoff flow into the other eye
•Place gauze pad or cloth over both eyes and secure with bandage
•Place gauze pad or cloth over both eyes and secure with a bandage
•Do NOT try to remove an embedded object
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
SFC
Each business day, more than 2,000 U.S. workers experience job-related eye
injuries, with 10 to 20 percent of them disabling because of temporary or
permanent vision loss.
Eye InjuryBeyond the
Book
http://www.allaboutvision.com
1. You should use a tourniquet to stop bleeding.
2. Don’t lift cloth to see if bleeding has stopped.
3. Chemical burns should be treated by scrubbing with soap and hot water.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
First Aid Self-Check
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-6, answer the following questions.
4. To determine if someone is choking, check if victim can talk or cough.
5. When someone has fainted, reassure the victim and apply a cold compress to face.
6. If you have an embedded object in your eye, try to remove it.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
First Aid Self-Check
Know ChartAs you correct your answers, evaluate your progress. Create a Know Chart with 2 columns. Place correct answers from the Self-Check under the “I Know” column. Then place incorrect answers under the “I Need to Study” column.
KNOW CHART
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
I Know: I Need to Study:1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
1. You should use a tourniquet to stop bleeding.
Never use a tourniquet unless you cannot control the bleeding.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
First Aid Self-Check
Now check your work. Observe each of the False statements become True.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
2. Don’t lift cloth to see if bleeding has stopped.
First Aid Self-Check
3. Chemical burns should be treated by scrubbing with soap and hot water.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Treat chemical burns by rinsing away all traces of chemicals.
First Aid Self-Check
4. To determine if someone is choking, check if victim can talk or cough.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
First Aid Self-Check
5. When someone has fainted, reassure the victim and apply a cold compress to face.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
First Aid Self-Check
6. If you have an embedded object in your eye, try to remove it.
Do NOT try to remove an embedded object. Go to an eye specialist or emergency room immediately.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
First Aid Self-Check
Lessons Learned
Bleeding and Wounds
Place cloth or gauze over wound and apply pressure
If bleeding is severe, call 9-1-1
When bleeding stops, secure cloth with a bandage
Never use a tourniquet unless you cannot control the bleeding
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Face the Facts
Chemical Burns
Rinse away chemicals and remove contaminated clothing from burn
Cover the burn with clean, dry cloth
Refer person to medical attention if necessary
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Face the Facts
Lessons Learned
Lessons Learned
Heat or Electrical Burns
If skin is not broken, immerse burned area in cool water or apply a cool compress
Bandage with clean, dry cloth
Don’t break blister if one forms
Don’t apply ointments or creams
Call 9-1-1 if burns are severe
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Face the Facts
Lessons Learned
Choking
Determine if victim can speak or cough and is getting enough air
If victim is not getting enough air, perform abdominal thrusts
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Face the Facts
Lessons Learned
Fainting
Lay victim down on his back and make sure he has plenty of fresh air
Reassure victim and apply a cold compress to face
If victim vomits, roll him on his side and keep the windpipe clear
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Face the Facts
Lessons Learned
Chemical Eye Injury
Flush the eyeball with lukewarm water for 15-30 minutes.
Place a gauze pad or cloth over both eyes and secure with a bandage
Get to an eye specialist or emergency room immediately
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Face the Facts
Lessons Learned
Cut, Scratch or Embedded Object Eye Injury
Place gauze or cloth over both eyes
Don’t remove embedded object
Get to an eye specialist or emergency room immediately
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Face the Facts
Imagine you are in a restaurant and the person next to you is choking. You realize the need to take immediate action because you are the only one to notice the choking person. What do you do to help this person? Write your answers on a separate piece of paper.
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
IT’S 2 U!
IT’S 2 U!
While making your way to the victim, yell for someone to call 9-1-1. Determine if the victim can talk or cough. Wrap your arms around the
victim and perform an upward thrust.
Possible Answer
Answers
Chapter 2.3Salon Ecology
First Aid
Salon Ecology Self-Test
1. Another term that means the same as germ or bacteria is:
a. lice
b. mite
c. parasite
d. microbe
On a sheet of paper numbered 1-12, answer the following questions.
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
2. Which of the following is NOT a type of bacteria?
a. bacilli
b. spirilla
c. parasite
d. streptococci
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
3. As bacteria absorb food, each cell grows in size and divides, resulting in how many new cells?
a. two
b. four
c. six
d. eight
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
4. Universal precautions require the use of infection control procedures with which of the following clients?
a. sick
b. elderly
c. children
d. everyone
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
5. Which of the following practices is NOT considered a level of infection control?
a. sanitation
b. disinfection
c. sterilization
d. bacteriology
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
6. The term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of disease and kill certain or all microbes is known as:
a. first aid
b. ventilation
c. contamination
d. infection control
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
7. Which of the following descriptions identifies the type of container NOT appropriate for the storage of disinfected implements?
a. dry
b. open
c. covered
d. disinfected
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
8. Implements that come in contact with the client must be:
a. sanitized at the beginning of each day
b. sanitized at the end of each day
c. disinfected on a weekly basis
d. discarded or disinfected after each client
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
9. Most states have enacted what steps to encourage people to help others in emergency situations?
a. life insurance
b. malpractice insurance
c. Good Samaritan Laws
d. Social Security benefits
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
10. Chemical burns should be treated by:
a. applying a tourniquet
b. applying a lotion or cream
c. scrubbing with soap and hot water
d. rinsing away all traces of chemicals
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
11. A bleeding wound should be treated by:
a. applying a tourniquet
b. applying pressure with gauze and a gloved hand
c. applying cold water to the wound
d. applying warm water to the wound
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
12. All of the following are steps to be followed if a victim is choking EXCEPT:
a. determine if victim can speak
b. lay victim on back
c. wrap arms around chest
d. perform abdominal thrusts
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Salon Ecology Self-Test
1. d. microbe
2. c. parasite
3. a. two
4. d. everyone
5. d. bacteriology
6. d. infection control
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Time to check the self-test.
Salon Ecology Self-Test
7. b. open
8. d. discarded or disinfected after each client
9. c. Good Samaritan Laws
10. d. rinsing away all traces of chemicals
11. b. applying pressure with gauze and a gloved hand
12. b. lay victim on back
Chapter 2Salon Ecology
Time to check the self-test.
Chapter 2: Salon Ecology
• Microbiology• Infection Control• First Aid
+ =
In conclusion...