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Smart Grid‐‐What is it and how will it
help California?
Michael GravelyManager
Energy Systems Research OfficeCalifornia Energy Commission
[email protected] / 916-651-0316
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Overview
• Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program
• What is Smart Grid?
• What is a California Smart Grid?
• California Smart Grid Research Efforts
• Smart Grid Economic Stimulus Package
• How will Smart Grid help California?
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Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program
• IOU Ratepayer-funded program launched in 1997 by AB1890
• Addresses electricity, natural gas, and transportation sectors
• $86M annual budget; over $400M in active projects
• A leader in no/low-carbon science and technology programs
• Strong emphasis on collaborations
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•Automating Demand
Response
•AMI
•Dynamic Rates
•Home Area Networks
•Plug in Hybrids
•Renewables
PIER Research Ongoing at all Levels
Distribution ConsumerTransmission Integration
•Phasor Measurement
•Advanced displays
•Advanced comm &
controls
•MRTU interface
•Energy Storage
•Renewables
•Renewables
•Standards
•Protocols
•Reference designs
•Micro Grids
•Automation
•Distribution
Automation
•AMI
•Advanced C&C
•MRTU
•Energy Storage
•Renewables
•AMI
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What is a Smart Grid?
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What is a Smart Grid
A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers
to consumers using digital technology to
save energy, reduce cost and increase
reliability. Such a modernized electric
network is being promoted by many
governments as a way of addressing energy
independence or global warming issues
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Merging Two Infrastructures
Electrical Infrastructure
“Intelligence” Infrastructure
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Why Smart Grid?
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Why Smart Grid
• Good for the Environment
o Provides new options to reduce emissions & improve overall efficiency
o Makes Green Grid a Reality
• Cleaner, Lower Cost Operations, More Efficient
o New cost lowering technologies
o Increased efficiency in operating existing systems--higher utilization rates
• Improved Grid Operations
o Higher reliability
o Less outage time / shorter outages / smarter decisions
• More Options for Consumers
o Lower overall energy costs
o More choices on how to meet individual consumer needs
o Dynamic rates to better integrate needs of grid and consumer
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What is a Smart Grid
for California?
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California Energy Policy Targets
11% reduction fromcurrent levels
Greenhouse gas emission
Energy Efficiency
30% reduction fromprojected levels
Zero net energy homes
Zero net energy commercial buildings
12,000 MW peak reduction
40,000 GWh/year
17,000 MW peak reduction
63,000 GWh/year
Demand ResponseEconomic DR at 5% of peak
Achieve 100% of economic potential
Renewable Energy11%
penetration20% penetration
33% penetration
2000 2010 203020202008 20162013
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California Smart Grid Factors
• California energy policy
• Ongoing California deployments
• California future energy growth needs
• California energy use profile
• Impact of rapid insertion of ARRA Smart Grid funding
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Power System Analysis Monitor (BPA)
Power System Monitor
Phase-Angle Measurement Unit (Macrodyne)
Dynamic System Monitor (PTI/Hathaway)
Portable Power System Monitor (BPA)
*Proposed installation
PMU
DSM
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PMUs (Phasor Measurement
Units)
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Synchrophasor Measurement – The Heart of the Smart Grid Transmission
Data 425
450
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525
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575
30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Time - seconds
Volta
ge -
kVJohn Day Malin Summer L Slatt McNary
Grizzly reactor #2
Grizzly reactor #3
Ashe reactor
Time Synchronous
Data
GPS Satellite
Time-StampTime-Stamp
Control Center
Courtesy of EPRI
Useful Real-Time
InformationDat
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Ultimately, Smart Grid required for maximum renewables deployment.
Energy Storage Technologies Applying Smart Grid Technologies
New Technologies to Accommodate Unique Renewable Generator Behaviors…
• Energy Storage & Intelligent Agent
• Solar and Wind Forecasting Tools
• Synchrophasor Measurement
• Power Flow Control (spatial)• Demand Response • Distributed Generation • Generator and Load
Modeling• Statistical and Probabilistic
Forecasting Tools• Advanced Intelligent
Protection Systems
Tehachapi Wind Generation - April 2005
Intermittency
…through a smarter and more flexible grid.
Demand Response Automation by Sector
Programmable Communicating
Thermostat
Demand Response Automation Client
Demand Response Automation Client
InternetInternet
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Emerging Technologies--Communications
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Upcoming Smart Grid Activities
• PIER Request for Proposal:
• Defining the Pathway to the California Smart Grid of 2020
• PIER Funded RD&D Activities:
• Micro-Grid demonstrations of Smart Grid technologies
• White Paper on defining the Smart Grid standards, codes and protocols
• White Paper on the Smart Grid technologies that will accelerate the fielding or increase the penetration of renewables in California
• White Paper on how Smart Grid technologies will make electricity energy storage more useful in meeting California’s goals
• Upcoming CPUC Rulemaking on Smart Grid
Smart Grid
Economic Stimulus Funds
Smart Grid Economic Stimulus Funds--$11B in New Efforts
• DOE Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Smart Grid Demonstrations--$615M
• Notice of Intent to Issue an FOA for Smart Grid Investment Grants--$3.375B
• Bonneville Power Administration--$3.25B in additional borrowing authority
• Western Power Administration--$3.25B in loan guarantees
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How Smart Grid helps California MeetFuture State Energy Goals
• Provides Green Grid that is more efficiency, produces less
emissions, operates more reliably and lowers cost for all
• Provides vehicle to support move renewables, increased energy efficiency, better blend of distributed and central generation assets, higher penetrations of PHEVs and hybrids, and lowers dependence of foreign imports
• Increases data access at all levels and allows for quicker and more effective decisions at the appropriate level
• Fosters innovation, improvements and better services for the consumer