1

Smart Grid‐‐What is it and how will it

help California?

Michael GravelyManager

Energy Systems Research OfficeCalifornia Energy Commission

mgravely@energy.state.ca.us / 916-651-0316

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Overview

• Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program

• What is Smart Grid?

• What is a California Smart Grid?

• California Smart Grid Research Efforts

• Smart Grid Economic Stimulus Package

• How will Smart Grid help California?

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Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program

• IOU Ratepayer-funded program launched in 1997 by AB1890

• Addresses electricity, natural gas, and transportation sectors

• $86M annual budget; over $400M in active projects

• A leader in no/low-carbon science and technology programs

• Strong emphasis on collaborations

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•Automating Demand

Response

•AMI

•Dynamic Rates

•Home Area Networks

•Plug in Hybrids

•Renewables

PIER Research Ongoing at all Levels

Distribution ConsumerTransmission Integration

•Phasor Measurement

•Advanced displays

•Advanced comm &

controls

•MRTU interface

•Energy Storage

•Renewables

•Renewables

•Standards

•Protocols

•Reference designs

•Micro Grids

•Automation

•Distribution

Automation

•AMI

•Advanced C&C

•MRTU

•Energy Storage

•Renewables

•AMI

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What is a Smart Grid?

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What is a Smart Grid

A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers

to consumers using digital technology to

save energy, reduce cost and increase

reliability. Such a modernized electric

network is being promoted by many

governments as a way of addressing energy

independence or global warming issues

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Merging Two Infrastructures

Electrical Infrastructure

“Intelligence” Infrastructure

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Why Smart Grid?

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Why Smart Grid

• Good for the Environment

o Provides new options to reduce emissions & improve overall efficiency

o Makes Green Grid a Reality

• Cleaner, Lower Cost Operations, More Efficient

o New cost lowering technologies

o Increased efficiency in operating existing systems--higher utilization rates

• Improved Grid Operations

o Higher reliability

o Less outage time / shorter outages / smarter decisions

• More Options for Consumers

o Lower overall energy costs

o More choices on how to meet individual consumer needs

o Dynamic rates to better integrate needs of grid and consumer

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What is a Smart Grid

for California?

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California Energy Policy Targets

11% reduction fromcurrent levels

Greenhouse gas emission

Energy Efficiency

30% reduction fromprojected levels

Zero net energy homes

Zero net energy commercial buildings

12,000 MW peak reduction

40,000 GWh/year

17,000 MW peak reduction

63,000 GWh/year

Demand ResponseEconomic DR at 5% of peak

Achieve 100% of economic potential

Renewable Energy11%

penetration20% penetration

33% penetration

2000 2010 203020202008 20162013

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California Smart Grid Factors

• California energy policy

• Ongoing California deployments

• California future energy growth needs

• California energy use profile

• Impact of rapid insertion of ARRA Smart Grid funding

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HVDC Terminal

SUNDANCE

FT. PECK

KEMANO

PEACE CANYON

MICA

VANCOUVER

SEATTLE

PRINCE RUPERT

AREA

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COLSTRIP

BOISE

PORTLANDAREA

MALIN

TABLE MTN

ROUND MTN

SALT LAKECITY AREA

MEXICO

EL PASOAREA

PALO

DEVERS

LUGO

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MIDPOINT

LOS ANGELESAREA ALBUQUERQUE

AREA

VERDE

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HOT SPRINGS

HELLSCANYON

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BURNS

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FOURCORNERS

COULEE

SHASTA

WILLISTON

LANGDON

CORONADO

DELTA

CHIEF

MONTROSE

LANDINGMOSS

MIDWAY

Projected WSCC Monitors, 1995

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Power System Analysis Monitor (BPA)

Power System Monitor

Phase-Angle Measurement Unit (Macrodyne)

Dynamic System Monitor (PTI/Hathaway)

Portable Power System Monitor (BPA)

*Proposed installation

PMU

DSM

PSMPPSM

PPSM

PPSM

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DSM

DSM

DSM

DSM

PMU

PMU

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PMU

PMU

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PSAM

PSAM

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PMUs (Phasor Measurement

Units)

WECC

Synchrophasor Measurement – The Heart of the Smart Grid Transmission

Data 425

450

475

500

525

550

575

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240

Time - seconds

Volta

ge -

kVJohn Day Malin Summer L Slatt McNary

Grizzly reactor #2

Grizzly reactor #3

Ashe reactor

Time Synchronous

Data

GPS Satellite

Time-StampTime-Stamp

Control Center

Courtesy of EPRI

Useful Real-Time

InformationDat

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Ultimately, Smart Grid required for maximum renewables deployment.

Energy Storage Technologies Applying Smart Grid Technologies

New Technologies to Accommodate Unique Renewable Generator Behaviors…

• Energy Storage & Intelligent Agent

• Solar and Wind Forecasting Tools

• Synchrophasor Measurement

• Power Flow Control (spatial)• Demand Response • Distributed Generation • Generator and Load

Modeling• Statistical and Probabilistic

Forecasting Tools• Advanced Intelligent

Protection Systems

Tehachapi Wind Generation - April 2005

Intermittency

…through a smarter and more flexible grid.

Demand Response Automation by Sector

Programmable Communicating

Thermostat

Demand Response Automation Client

Demand Response Automation Client

InternetInternet

 

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Emerging Technologies--Communications

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Upcoming Smart Grid Activities

• PIER Request for Proposal:

• Defining the Pathway to the California Smart Grid of 2020

• PIER Funded RD&D Activities:

• Micro-Grid demonstrations of Smart Grid technologies

• White Paper on defining the Smart Grid standards, codes and protocols

• White Paper on the Smart Grid technologies that will accelerate the fielding or increase the penetration of renewables in California

• White Paper on how Smart Grid technologies will make electricity energy storage more useful in meeting California’s goals

• Upcoming CPUC Rulemaking on Smart Grid

Smart Grid

Economic Stimulus Funds

Smart Grid Economic Stimulus Funds--$11B in New Efforts

• DOE Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) Smart Grid Demonstrations--$615M

• Notice of Intent to Issue an FOA for Smart Grid Investment Grants--$3.375B

• Bonneville Power Administration--$3.25B in additional borrowing authority

• Western Power Administration--$3.25B in loan guarantees

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How Smart Grid helps California MeetFuture State Energy Goals

• Provides Green Grid that is more efficiency, produces less

emissions, operates more reliably and lowers cost for all

• Provides vehicle to support move renewables, increased energy efficiency, better blend of distributed and central generation assets, higher penetrations of PHEVs and hybrids, and lowers dependence of foreign imports

• Increases data access at all levels and allows for quicker and more effective decisions at the appropriate level

• Fosters innovation, improvements and better services for the consumer

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Michael Gravely

California Energy Commission

mgravely@energy.state.ca.us

916-651-0316

Follow-up Questions