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The Biosphere:Ecology
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I. The Enviroment
• A. Ecology- the study of interactions among organisms & their environment– 1. Scientist who study ecology are called ecologists– 2. Ecologist carry out research through: observing,
experimenting & modeling
• B. Environmental Factors that influence an environment– 1. Abiotic factors- non living factors– 2. Biotic Factors- living and once living factors• a. organized by complexity
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II. Abiotic Factors• A. All living things depend on abiotic factors for
survival• B. All abiotic factors that affect the biotic factors:– 1. Water- needed for respiration, digestion, &
photosynthesis– 2. Light/Temperature- needed for plants to convert
thermal energy to chemical energy. Determine what species live in an area
– 3. Air- cleanliness of air (pollution), and pressure– 4. Soil- nutrients, minerals & moisture determine what
plants thrive in a location
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How can abiotic factors effect living organisms?
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Osmotic Regulators: Artci Charr Fish & Humpback whales
Nonosmotic Regulators: Ocean Kelp & Feather Duster Worms
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Cold blooded: poikilothermic
Warm blooded: homeothermic
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III. Biotic Factors• A. Organisms depend on other living things too
• B. Biotic Factors are organized to include one organism up to an entire planet
– 1. Organism(Species) Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere
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IV. Levels of Organization• 1. Species- one group that is the same (can breed
& reproduce)• 2. Population- all individuals of a species living in
the same area• 3. Community- populations of other species that
interact with one another
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IV. Levels of Organization• 4. Ecosystem- all the communities including living
and non-living factors • 5. Biome- large region with same climate and
similar dominant communities• 6. Biosphere- combined portions of the planet in
which all life exists
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• a. Biotic factors organization example
–Roger Rabbit Rogers extended family Rabbits, insects, plants, & jaguars Rabbits, insects, plants, jaguars, soil, streams/rivers, moderate temperature The Savannah
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Review Questions• 1. Compare & Contrast Abiotic and Biotic factors– List five examples of each that are in your ecosystem
• 2. Explain how biotic factors would change in an ecosystem that had been flooded
• 3. Create a chain of examples of how biotic factors are organized. Starting from organism and ending with biome.