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The Digestive System
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Parts of the Digestive System
• Mouth• Esophagus• Stomach• Small Intestine• Large Intestine• Pancreas• Liver• Gallbladder • RectumBrainpop: Digestive System
Click here for a diagram
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The Digestive System
o Function: moves and breaks down food into smaller, usable nutrients.
oNutrients: the body needs to absorb different nutrients in order to function
oProteinsoCarbohydratesoFatsoWateroVitaminsoMinerals
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The Digestive System
oMovie
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Two Types of Digestion
o Chemical - Chemical changes actually change the
food into different substanceso Chewing a cracker – the cracker is broken into smaller
pieces and the saliva in our mouth produces a chemical
change – the starches in the cracker are changed to sugars
o Mechanical - The physical process of breaking food
into smaller pieces.o Chewing food, stomach mashing and pounding food during
peristalsis.
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Mouth
Teeth grind and spit
breaks up food
Salivary glands secrete 1-2 liters of spit a
day
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Esophagus
Moves food to stomach
through peristalsis
Peristalsis- the muscular action of material moving through the digestive system by wave-like action of smooth muscles.
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Stomach
Chemicals break down the
food
The stomach is lined with a thick mucus so the stomach acid does not eat away at itself.
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Small Intestine
Absorbs nutrients
22 feet long
Villi (small structures in the small intestine) contain folds that absorb the nutrients.
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Large Intestine
Absorbs water
Most of the solid material (poo) that remains is compacted and stored.
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Liver
Filters blood & produces
bile
Bile is a chemical that helps break down food.
Go Rattlers!
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Pancreas
Produces insulin and
glucagon
Without these chemicals from your pancreas your body would die of starvation.
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Gallbladder
Stores bile made by the
liver; secretes bile to
small intestine
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Rectum
Stores feces
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THE END