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THE LEARNER: HIS NATURE AND
FUNDAMENTAL EQUIPMENT
*INTELLECT*WILL
*HABIT
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INTELLECT
• Is the cognitive power of the mind. The term intellect is derived from the Latin word intelligere (intus, “within,” and legere, “to read”), which means to discern.
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KINDS OF INTELLECTUAL PROCESS
1. ConceptionRepresentations of concrete objects and qualities the essential elements or substantial nature or essence of the object.
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2. JudgmentThe affirming of the relationship between things or concept.
3. ReasoningIs an act by which the intellect discerns the agreement or disagreement between two concepts.
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TWO FORMS OF REASONING
Induction• Is the method of reasoning which consists in
forming judgments about a number of particular cases.
Deduction• is the method of reasoning which consists in the
application of a general principle or law to particular facts.
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ANALOGY
Process resemblances
between things are noted.
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WILL
• The will is man’s rational appetitive
power. It is the tendency to desire,
to seek, and to enjoy that which is
apprehend by the intellect as good.
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DELIBERATION
• This deliberation is followed by choice
or decision, which is the acceptance or
rejection by the mind of an object or a
course of action after the motives for
and against the selection of the object
or course of action have been
considered..
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FREEDOM OF WILL
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The theory which denies the
freedom of the will is termed
DETERMINISM.
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3 FORMS OF DETERMINISM
1. Mechanical Determinism
-whatever man does is predestined by laws of nature.
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2. Psychological
Determinism
-holds that choice invariably
follows what is presented as the
greatest good.
3. Biological Determinism
-volition is likened to reflex
action.
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AFFECTIVE STATES
The mental activities
which are characterized
by feeling and emotion.
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EFFECTS OF EMOTION
a.Glandular Effects
b.Muscular Effects
c.Mental Effects
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EMOTION
Is much more inclusive than that of
feeling. It is derived from the Latin
word emotus, which signifies a
movement outward and implies an
action or tendency toward action
which arises from some inner need and
is directed toward the outside world.
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KINDS OF EMOTIONS
1.Personal emotionsRefer to and center around the self, and their central emphasis is the personal welfare of the individual.
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2. Social emotions
Center around the nonselfish and
benevolent aspects of man’s nature.
3. Intellectual and Aesthetics
emotions
Are based on higher needs and
depend to a large extent on education.
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HABIT
The term habit has been
derived from the Latin verb habere
which means “to have,” that is, to
acquire something which one did
not have originally.
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Habit is an acquired mode of
behavior; that is, it is a learned
reaction, involving the tendency to
repeat and to reproduce certain
actions and frequently and
consistently; that is, to act in the
same general way under the same
or similar circumstances.