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Update on ASTM C150/AASHTO M 85
HarmonizationJustin Lashley, LafargeJoe Clendenen, Holcim
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Outline/Purpose
AntitrustBackground of HarmonizationWhat needed to be harmonized?How did we harmonize?Example Material CertificationMnDOT Perspective – Maria Masten
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What is a specification?
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What is a specification?
Represents agreement based upon:OwnerUserProducer
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Background of Harmonization
Joint effort between:Owners/Specifiers – Transportation Officials, EngineersUsers – Concrete Producers, ContractorsCement Producers
Effective July 2009 Editions of ASTM C150 and AASHTO M 85
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Cement Market Drivers
Owner ExpectationsDurability, Economy
Product Performance DemandsEnvironmental Regulation/Sustainability
Clinker/ton (CO2) ReductionReduction in emissions, embodied energy, etc.
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Why Harmonize?
Two Specifications – One PurposeASTM C150AASHTO M 85
Problem: Cement crosses borders, limited number of products can be supplied, so cement is designed to meet both, generally.Solution: Have consistent requirements that meet collective needs.
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Why Harmonize?
ASTM – American Society of Testing and Materials
Composed of all aspects of industry
AASHTO – American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
Highway and Transportation Officials
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ProvisionAASHTO M 85-04
ASTM C150-04a
Max Fineness (Blaine):
Single SampleAverage of 5
420 [I, II, IV, V]400 [I, II, IV, V]
No LimitNo Limit
Type II max C3S 58 No Limit
Processing Additions Max 1%
No Prescriptive Limit
Use of Limestone Not permitted Up to 5%
Specification Differences
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Specifications Differences
Process Additions?Organic: Typically grinding AidsInorganic: Slag, fly ash, etc.
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How do we Harmonize?
Can we agree on specifications and how?We want to know what is in our cement and what the effects could be!!Industry Steering Committee
National Cooperative Highway Research Program NCHRP Report 607
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NCHRP Report 607
Literature ReviewTesting
Cement pasteMortarsConcrete
Over $500,000Almost 2 years to complete
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NCHRP Report 607 Conclusions
Process AdditionsFound no effects at 1% or less (Inorganic and Organic)Virtually no detrimental effects up to 5% (Inorganic)Additions can typically benefit early performance by:
Acting as nucleation sitesDensification of the interfacial zone
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NCHRP Report 607
We have the process addition results and we agree that additions should be allowed, now let’s
Harmonize
But we still want to know what is in our cement and what the impact on performance will be
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HarmonizeASTM C150 and AASHTO M 85
Processing additionsInorganic Process Additions (IPA): Slag, fly ash, etc.
Must qualify if >1%Maximum 5%Only 1 IPA allowedMust list on mill report
Organic Process Additions (OPA): Typically grinding aidsMust qualifyMaximum 1%
What does qualify mean?
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Qualify?
ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327Equivalent documents
Industrial Trial-plant testingSpecial grindCement with addition compared to cement without addition (control cement)
Involved process-not easy
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Qualify?
Results compared to cement without addition
Cement TestingSetting timeMortar strength
Concrete TestingCompressive strengthsFlexural strength
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We agree on process additionsInorganic Process Additions (IPA): Slag, fly ash, etc.
Must qualify if >1%Maximum 5%Only 1 IPA allowedMust list on mill report
Organic Process Additions (OPA): Typically grinding aidsMust qualifyMaximum 1%
Same chemical and physical requirements as before
Harmonized
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ProvisionAASHTO M 85-04
ASTM C150-04a
AASHTO M 85-09ASTM C150-09
Max Fineness (Blaine):
Single SampleAverage of 5
420 [I, II, IV, V]400 [I, II, IV, V]
No LimitNo Limit
430 [II (MH)*, IV]None
Type II max C3S 58 No Limit Type II(MH)4.75C3A+C3S≤100
Processing Additions Max 1%
No Prescriptive Limit
Organic ≤ 1%Inorganic ≤ 5%
Use of Limestone Not permitted Up to 5% Up to 5%
*Exemption for low heat index Type II (MH) 4.75C3A+C3S≤90
Current Specifications
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Example Mill Cert
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