update on astm c150/aashto m 85 harmonization · 2010-02-04 · national cooperative highway...

Update on ASTM C150/AASHTO M 85

HarmonizationJustin Lashley, LafargeJoe Clendenen, Holcim

Outline/Purpose

AntitrustBackground of HarmonizationWhat needed to be harmonized?How did we harmonize?Example Material CertificationMnDOT Perspective – Maria Masten

What is a specification?

What is a specification?

Represents agreement based upon:OwnerUserProducer

Background of Harmonization

Joint effort between:Owners/Specifiers – Transportation Officials, EngineersUsers – Concrete Producers, ContractorsCement Producers

Effective July 2009 Editions of ASTM C150 and AASHTO M 85

Cement Market Drivers

Owner ExpectationsDurability, Economy

Product Performance DemandsEnvironmental Regulation/Sustainability

Clinker/ton (CO2) ReductionReduction in emissions, embodied energy, etc.

Why Harmonize?

Two Specifications – One PurposeASTM C150AASHTO M 85

Problem: Cement crosses borders, limited number of products can be supplied, so cement is designed to meet both, generally.Solution: Have consistent requirements that meet collective needs.

Why Harmonize?

ASTM – American Society of Testing and Materials

Composed of all aspects of industry

AASHTO – American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

Highway and Transportation Officials

ProvisionAASHTO M 85-04

ASTM C150-04a

Max Fineness (Blaine):

Single SampleAverage of 5

420 [I, II, IV, V]400 [I, II, IV, V]

No LimitNo Limit

Type II max C3S 58 No Limit

Processing Additions Max 1%

No Prescriptive Limit

Use of Limestone Not permitted Up to 5%

Specification Differences

Presenter

Presentation Notes

How do we meet on common ground? AASHTO is concerned about heat of hydration. Maximum fineness requirements have changed as noted previously so that performance of cements in which heat of hydration was a concern, II(MH) and IV, now have a maximum limit. There is no running average required, just the specific limit. Likewise the limit on C3S contents of Type II have been replaced by the Type II(MH) and the heat index requirement. Both standards now include limits on organic and inorganic processing additions, as well as provisions to permit the use of limestone. The SiO2 content limit for Type II cements was also removed after the heat index limit was included.

Specifications Differences

Process Additions?Organic: Typically grinding AidsInorganic: Slag, fly ash, etc.

How do we Harmonize?

Can we agree on specifications and how?We want to know what is in our cement and what the effects could be!!Industry Steering Committee

National Cooperative Highway Research Program NCHRP Report 607

Presenter

Presentation Notes

AASHTO commissioned NCHRP Report 607 to really find out what Limestone addition and process additions did to cement and concrete performance. Before AASTHO would harmonize they needed to learn more about the effects of Limestone and process additions Testing included cement and concrete with many different additions and at different levels.

NCHRP Report 607

Literature ReviewTesting

Cement pasteMortarsConcrete

Over $500,000Almost 2 years to complete

Presenter

Presentation Notes

The report found no effects at <1%, and virtually no ill effects up to 5%, but must test to make sure of performance. Additions typically can benefit early performance by: Act as nucleation sites for the formation of hydration products Densifying the paste Inclusion of appropriate amounts of a very fine powder will enhance the performance of most cements Maximum of 5% will not consume calcium hydroxide that can be utilized when batching SCM’s

NCHRP Report 607 Conclusions

Process AdditionsFound no effects at 1% or less (Inorganic and Organic)Virtually no detrimental effects up to 5% (Inorganic)Additions can typically benefit early performance by:

Acting as nucleation sitesDensification of the interfacial zone

Presenter

Presentation Notes

The report found no effects at <1%, and virtually no ill effects up to 5%, but must test to make sure of performance. Additions typically can benefit early performance by: Act as nucleation sites for the formation of hydration products Densifying the paste Inclusion of appropriate amounts of a very fine powder will enhance the performance of most cements Maximum of 5% will not consume calcium hydroxide that can be utilized when batching SCM’s

NCHRP Report 607

We have the process addition results and we agree that additions should be allowed, now let’s

Harmonize

But we still want to know what is in our cement and what the impact on performance will be

Presenter

Presentation Notes

The report found no ill effects if 1% or less. There could be some significant effects if over 1% so further testing is required. Additions typically can benefit early performance by: Act as nucleation sites for the formation of hydration products Densifying the paste Inclusion of appropriate amounts of a very fine powder will enhance the performance of most cements Maximum of 5% will not consume calcium hydroxide that can be utilized when batching SCM’s

HarmonizeASTM C150 and AASHTO M 85

Processing additionsInorganic Process Additions (IPA): Slag, fly ash, etc.

Must qualify if >1%Maximum 5%Only 1 IPA allowedMust list on mill report

Organic Process Additions (OPA): Typically grinding aidsMust qualifyMaximum 1%

What does qualify mean?

Qualify?

ASTM C465/AASHTO M 327Equivalent documents

Industrial Trial-plant testingSpecial grindCement with addition compared to cement without addition (control cement)

Involved process-not easy

Qualify?

Results compared to cement without addition

Cement TestingSetting timeMortar strength

Concrete TestingCompressive strengthsFlexural strength

Presenter

Presentation Notes

% are based on variability of test method

We agree on process additionsInorganic Process Additions (IPA): Slag, fly ash, etc.

Must qualify if >1%Maximum 5%Only 1 IPA allowedMust list on mill report

Organic Process Additions (OPA): Typically grinding aidsMust qualifyMaximum 1%

Same chemical and physical requirements as before

Harmonized

ProvisionAASHTO M 85-04

ASTM C150-04a

AASHTO M 85-09ASTM C150-09

Max Fineness (Blaine):

Single SampleAverage of 5

420 [I, II, IV, V]400 [I, II, IV, V]

No LimitNo Limit

430 [II (MH)*, IV]None

Type II max C3S 58 No Limit Type II(MH)4.75C3A+C3S≤100

Processing Additions Max 1%

No Prescriptive Limit

Organic ≤ 1%Inorganic ≤ 5%

Use of Limestone Not permitted Up to 5% Up to 5%

*Exemption for low heat index Type II (MH) 4.75C3A+C3S≤90

Current Specifications

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Limestone and fineness was previously approved, this table shows where we were in 04 to 09. This table summarizes the changes developed, balloted, and implemented in C150 and M 85 over the last 5 years or so. Maximum fineness requirements have changed as noted previously so that performance of cements in which heat of hydration was a concern, II(MH) and IV, now have a maximum limit. There is no running average required, just the specific limit. Likewise the limit on C3S contents of Type II have been replaced by the Type II(MH) and the heat index requirement. Both standards now include limits on organic and inorganic processing additions, as well as provisions to permit the use of limestone. The SiO2 content limit for Type II cements was also removed after the heat index limit was included. Finally, in Table 1, Footnote D was modified and a related Note 5 was added to improve clarity on sulfate requirement in both specs.

Example Mill Cert

update on astm c150/aashto m 85 harmonization · 2010-02-04 · national cooperative highway...

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