Venae Cavae and Tributaries
Superior vena cava returns blood from body regions superior to the
diaphragm
Inferior vena cava returns blood from body regions inferior to the
diaphragm
Superior and inferior vena cavajoin the right atrium
Abdominal Cavity Vasculature
Figure 19.18
Major Veins of the Systemic Circulation
Figure 19.20b
Veins of the Head and Neck
Dural Sinuses
Superior and inferior sagittal sinuses
Straight sinus
Transverse sinuses
Sigmoid sinus
Figure 19.20a
Veins of the Head and Neck
Venous drainage
Internal jugular veins
External jugular veins
Vertebral veins
Veins of the Upper Limbs
Deep Veins
- follow the paths of companion arteries
- have the same names as the companion arteries
Superficial veins - visible beneath the skin- Cephalic vein
- Basilic vein
- Median cubital vein
- Median vein of the forearm
Veins of the Right Limb
Figure 19.21a
Antecubital Fossa
Form anastomese frequently
Median cubital vein - used to obtain blood or administer IV fluids
Figure 19.22
Figure 19.21b
Veins of the Thorax
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos vein
Accessory hemiazygos vein
Tributaries of the Inferior Vena Cava
Figure 19.23
Veins of the Hepatic Portal System
Figure 19.25
Veins of the Pelvis & Lower Limbs
Deep veins Share the name of the accompanying artery
Superficial veins Great saphenous vein empties into the femoral vein
Small saphenous vein empties into the popliteal vein
Veins of the Right Lower Limb and Pelvis
Figure 19.26a
Veins of the Right Lower Limb
Figure 19.26b
Figure 19.27
Disorders of the Blood Vessels
Aneurysm
Deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb
Venous disease
Microangiopathy of diabetes
Arteriovenous malformation
Blood Vessels Throughout Life
Fetal CirculationAll major vessels in place by month three
of development
Differences between fetal and postnatal circulation include:- fetus must supply blood to the placenta
- very little blood is sent through the pulmonary circuit
Vessels to and from the Placenta
Umbilical vessels run in the umbilical cord- paired umbilical arteries
- unpaired umbilical vein
Fetal vessels and structures- Ductus venosus
- Ligamentum teres
- Ligamentum venosum
- Medial umbilical ligaments
Figure 19.28a
Fetal Circulation
Shunts Away from the Pulmonary Circuit
- Foramen ovale
- Ductus arteriosus
Blood Vessels in Adulthood
Atherosclerosis begins in youth- consequences evident in middle to old age
Males- more atherosclerosis than females between ages 45 – 65
Females
- experience heart disease and atherosclerosis later in life